Cross-country variation in job automatability and percentage of jobs at risk of significant change

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Significant Change

scholarly journals VITAMIN STATUS IN ATHLETES OF DIFFERENT SPORTS BEFORE COMPETITIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
N Potolitsyna ◽  
A Nutrikhin ◽  
E Bojko
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Women Athletes ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Vitamin Status ◽  
Cross Country

Aim. The aim of this study was to assess the vitamin status of athletes involved in various sports before important competitions. Materials and Methods. Athletes (n = 176) from six sports (сross-country skiing, biathlon, cycling, track-and-field, taekwondo, basketball) living in the territory of the Komi Republic were examined. Blood sampling was performed from the cubital vein 5–7 days before important competitions. Results. The results of this study showed widespread inadequate levels of some of the vitamins in athletes. The greatest number of people with hypovitaminosis (especially vitamins B1 and E) was among cross-country skiers, biathletes and taekwondo athletes. In general, the situation was similar for men and women. Comparative ana­lysis of the vitamin status in athletes and people from this area (not athletes) showed that women-athletes had a generally higher incidence of deficiency than nonathletic women, and men-athletes had a similar vitamin status to nonathletic men. Conclusion. The results of this study showed that highly skilled athletes, regardless of the sport, were characterized by a high risk of vitamin deficiency. It is necessary to pay attention to the vitamin status of athletes, so as not to put at risk their health and physical performance.

Physical activity and prenatal depression: going beyond statistical significance by assessing the impact of reliable and clinical significant change

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Marina Vargas-Terrones ◽  
Taniya S. Nagpal ◽  
Maria Perales ◽  
Harry Prapavessis ◽  
Michelle F. Mottola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Prenatal Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Point Change ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Previous literature supports exercise as a preventative agent for prenatal depression; however, treatment effects for women at risk for prenatal depression remain unexplored. The purpose of the study was to examine whether exercise can lower depressive symptoms among women who began pregnancy at risk for depression using both a statistical significance and reliable and clinically significant change criteria. Methods This study is a secondary analysis of two randomized controlled trials that followed the same exercise protocol. Pregnant women were allocated to an exercise intervention group (IG) or control group (CG). All participants completed the Center for Epidemiological Depression (CES-D) scale at gestational week 9–16 and 36–38. Women with a baseline score ⩾16 were included. A clinically reliable cut-off was calculated as a 7-point change in scores from pre- to post-intervention. Results Thirty-six women in the IG and 25 women in the CG scored ⩾16 on the CES-D at baseline. At week 36–38 the IG had a statistically significant lower CES-D score (14.4 ± 8.6) than the CG (19.4 ± 11.1; p < 0.05). Twenty-two women in the IG (61%) had a clinically reliable decrease in their post-intervention score compared to eight women in the CG (32%; p < 0.05). Among the women who met the reliable change criteria, 18 (81%) in the IG and 7 (88%) in the CG had a score <16 post-intervention, with no difference between groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions A structured exercise program might be a useful treatment option for women at risk for prenatal depression.

scholarly journals Risk of Low Energy Availability among Female and Male Elite Runners Competing at the 26th European Cross-Country Championships

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 873
Author(s):  
Filipe Jesus ◽  
Inês Castela ◽  
Analiza M Silva ◽  
Pedro A. Branco ◽  
Mónica Sousa
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Energy Availability ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Bowel Movements ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Low Energy Availability ◽  
Normal Menstruation

Low energy availability (LEA) causes impaired physiological functioning. Cross-country running is a weight-sensitive sport, making athletes more prone to LEA. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of elite European cross-country athletes at risk of LEA using the LEA in Females Questionnaire (LEAF-Q) and to analyze demographic and physical characteristics that are associated with LEA. Athletes ≥ 18 years competing at the 26th European Cross-Country Championships (n = 602) were invited to complete a questionnaire (sociodemographic, training, anthropometric characteristics, and LEAF-Q). A total of 207 valid surveys were collected (83 females, 22.1 (4.0) years, and 124 males, 22.3 (4.1) years), and 16 surveys were excluded. A high prevalence of athletes at risk of LEA (64.3%) was observed, being higher in females than in males (79.5 and 54.0% respectively, p < 0.001). More than half of athletes (54.1%, n = 112) reported bowel movements once a week or more rarely, while 33 female athletes (41.3%) did not report normal menstruation. Overall, cross-country athletes are at high risk of LEA. Moreover, a high prevalence of gastrointestinal and menstrual impairments was reported. Hence, athletes should be followed by multidisciplinary teams to inform, prevent, and treat LEA and its effects.

Fisherfolk are among groups most at risk of HIV: cross-country analysis of prevalence and numbers infected

AIDS ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
pp. 1939-1946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Kissling ◽  
Edward H Allison ◽  
Janet A Seeley ◽  
Steven Russell ◽  
Max Bachmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Country Analysis ◽  
Cross Country

A Relative Analysis of Downhill and Cross-Country Ski Injuries

1988 ◽  
Vol 32 (15) ◽  
pp. 892-896
Author(s):  
Jasper E. Shealy ◽  
David A. Miller
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Populations At Risk ◽  
Injury Mechanisms ◽  
Data Files ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Epidemiological Methodology ◽  
Ski Injuries ◽  
Relative Analysis

This is a clinical analysis of XC and DH injuries reported thru the CPSC NEISS data files. It suggests that there are significant differences between the two sports and that there are occasionally significant interactions with gender as well. There are some implications with regard to injury mechanisms as well as hardware factors. In order to more fully understand and interpret these findings, it will be necessary to couple these findings with an examination of the populations at risk in a quasi-epidemiological methodology.

scholarly journals Modeling Political Corruption in Spain

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 952
Author(s):  
Elena de la Poza ◽  
Lucas Jódar ◽  
Paloma Merello
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Corruption ◽  
Women's Leadership ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Leadership Positions ◽  
The Media ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Made In

Political corruption is a universal phenomenon. Even though it is a cross-country reality, its level of intensity and the manner of its effect vary worldwide. In Spain, the demonstrated political corruption cases that have been echoed by the media in recent years for their economic, judicial and social significance are merely the tip of the iceberg as regards a problem hidden by many interested parties, plus the shortage of the means to fight against it. This study models and quantifies the population at risk of committing political corruption in Spain by identifying and quantifying the drivers that explain political corruption. Having quantified the problem, the model allows changes to be made in parameters, as well as fiscal, economic and legal measures being simulated, to quantify and better understand their impact on Spanish citizenship. Our results suggest increasing women’s leadership positions to mitigate this problem, plus changes in the political Parties’ Law in Spain and increasing the judiciary system’s budget.

scholarly journals A Cross-Country Comparison of Child Welfare Systems and Workers' Responses to Children Appearing to be at Risk or in Need of Help

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill Berrick ◽  
Jonathan Dickens ◽  
Tarja Pösö ◽  
Marit Skivenes
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Child Welfare ◽  
Country Comparison ◽  
Welfare Systems ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Child Welfare Systems
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