scholarly journals Paralysis spinalis spastica

2021 ◽  
Vol XII (3) ◽  
pp. 207-229
Author(s):  
N. M. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Complex Picture ◽  
Symptom Complex ◽  
Reverse Method

In an effort to understand a complex picture, clinicians usually compare it with more downtime. But it is not for this purpose that we have to use an even more complex symptom complex as a connector to the reverse method. This is exactly what I will allow myself to adopt when examining the patient present here.

PET in patients with clear-cut multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS)

2002 ◽  
Vol 41 (06) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hausteiner ◽  
A. Drzezga ◽  
P. Bartenstein ◽  
M. Schwaiger ◽  
H. Förstl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Multiple Chemical Sensitivity ◽  
Environmental Chemicals ◽  
Chemical Sensitivity ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Symptom Complex ◽  
Brain Changes ◽  
Multiple Chemical

SummaryAim: Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is a controversially discussed symptom complex. Patients afflicted by MCS react to very low and generally nontoxic concentrations of environmental chemicals. It has been suggested that MCS leads to neurotoxic damage or neuroimmunological alteration in the brain detectable by positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computer tomography (SPECT). These methods are often applied to MCS patients for diagnosis, although they never proved appropriate. Method: We scanned 12 MCS patients with PET, hypothesizing that it would reveal abnormal findings. Results: Mild glucose hypometabolism was present in one patient. In comparison with normal controls, the patient group showed no significant functional brain changes. Conclusion: This first systematic PET study in MCS patients revealed no hint of neurotoxic or neuroimmuno-logical brain changes of functional significance.

COVID-19 pathophysiology: interactions of gut microbiome, melatonin, vitamin D, stress, kynurenine and the alpha 7 nicotinic receptor: Treatment implications

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Anderson ◽  
Russel J Reiter
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Cytokine Induction ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Pulmonary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Complex Picture ◽  
Alpha 7

As data emerges on the pathophysiological underpinnings of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2, it is clear that there are considerable variations in its susceptibility and severity/fatality, which give indications as to its pathophysiology and treatment. SARS-CoV-2 modulatory factors include age, vitamin D levels, cigarette smoking, gender and ethnicity as well as premorbid medical conditions, including diabetes, cancer, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and immune-compromised conditions. A complex picture is emerging, with an array of systemic physiological processes interacting including circadian, immune, intestinal, CNS and coagulation factors. This article reviews data on SARS-CoV-2 pathoetiology and pathophysiology. It is proposed that a decrease in pineal and systemic melatonin is an important driver of SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and severity, with the loss of pineal melatonin's induction of the alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) in pulmonary epithelial cells and immune cells being a powerful regulator of susceptibility and severity, respectively. Stress, including discrimination stress, and decreased vitamin D also regulate SARS-CoV-2, including via gut dysbiosis and permeability, with a resultant decrease in the short-chain fatty acid, butyrate, and increase in circulating lipopolysaccharide. Stress and cytokine induction of the kynurenine pathways, leads to aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation, which primes platelets for heightened activity, coagulation and thrombin production, thereby driving elevations in thrombin that underpin many SARS-CoV-2 fatalities. On the basis of these pathophysiological changes, prophylactic and symptomatic treatments are proposed, including the use of melatonin and α7nAChR agonism. 

Characteristics of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Sub-fertile Woman Attending to GOPD in ShSMCH

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Jinnat Ara Islam ◽  
Fatema Ashraf ◽  
Eva Rani Nandi
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Pcos Group ◽  
Symptom Complex ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Fertile Women

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a condition characterized by menstrual abnormalities (oligo/amenorrhea) and clinical or biochemical features of hyperandrogenism and may manifest at any age. It is a common cause of female subfertility. All the dimensions of PCOS have not been yet completely explored. Methods: It was a cross sectional comparative study carried out at-GOPD of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College & Hospital from January, 2016 to December 2016 on 162 subfertile women. Among them 54 were PCOS group and 108 were non PCOS group. PCOS was diagnosed by (Rotterdam criteria 2003) (i) Oligo or anovulation (ii) hyperandrogenism (iii) Polycystic ovaries. Study was done to evaluate and compare the demographic characteristics, clinical, biochemical and ultrasoundgraphic features of sub-fertile women with and without PCOS. Results: A total of 162 sub-fertile women aged 16-36 years. Mean age was 29.5±5.4. There were significant differences between the two groups in terms of (oligo/amenorrhea), hirsutism, WHR and ovarian ultrasound features. There were no significant differences between two groups in correlations between the level of obesity with the incidence of anovulation, hyperandrogenism or with hormonal features. Conclusion: PCOS is one of the important factors causing Infertility. It is an ill-defined symptom complex needed due attention. There is a need to increase awareness regarding. The clinical features of PCOS are heterogenous thus can be investigated accordingly of selection of appropriate treatment modality. J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2019, Vol.11(1); 17-23

Imagining the Sudan in British Film, 1925–53

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-354
Author(s):  
Zach Bates
Keyword(s):  
British Empire ◽  
Popular Literature ◽  
The Political ◽  
Complex Picture ◽  
The Relationship

Due to its status as a territory under the joint rule of Egypt and Britain, the Sudan occupied an awkward place in the British Empire. Because of this, it has not received much attention from scholars. In theory, it was not a colony, but, in practice, the Sudan was ruled primarily by British administrators and was the site of several developmental schemes, most of which concerned cotton-growing and harnessing the waters of the Nile. It was also the site of popular literature, travelogues and the most well-known of Alexander Korda's empire films. This article focuses on five British films –  Cotton Growing in the Sudan (c.1925), Stark Nature (1930), Stampede (1930), The Four Feathers (1939) and They Planted a Stone (1953) – that take the Sudan as their subject. It argues that each of these films shows an evolving and related discourse of the region that embraced several motifs: cooperation as the foundation of the relationship between the Sudanese and the British; Sudanese peoples in conflict with a sometimes hostile landscape and environment that the British could ‘tame’; and the British being in the Sudan in order to improve it and its people before leaving them to self-government. However, some of the films, especially The Four Feathers, subtly questioned and subverted the British presence in the Sudan and engaged with a number of the political questions not overtly mentioned in documentaries. The article, therefore, argues for a nuanced and complex picture of representations of the Sudan in British film from 1925 to 1953.

"Symptom-Complex" or "Syndrome"?

BMJ ◽  
1927 ◽  
Vol 2 (3490) ◽  
pp. 1006-1006
Author(s):  
A. P. Cawadias
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Complex

The State versus the People

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Rendle
Keyword(s):  
French Revolution ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
State Control ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Soviet State ◽  
The People ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Complex Picture ◽  
The Military

This book provides the first detailed account of the role of revolutionary justice in the early Soviet state. Law has often been dismissed by historians as either unimportant after the October Revolution amid the violence and chaos of civil war or even, in the absence of written codes and independent judges, little more than another means of violence. This is particularly true of the most revolutionary aspect of the new justice system, revolutionary tribunals—courts inspired by the French Revolution and established to target counter-revolutionary enemies. This book paints a more complex picture. The Bolsheviks invested a great deal of effort and scarce resources into building an extensive system of tribunals that spread across the country, including into the military and the transport network. At their peak, hundreds of tribunals heard hundreds of thousands of cases every year. Not all ended in harsh sentences: some were dismissed through lack of evidence; others given a wide range of sentences; others still suspended sentences; and instances of early release and amnesty were common. This book, therefore, argues that law played a distinct and multifaceted role for the Bolsheviks. Tribunals stood at the intersection between law and violence, offering various advantages to the Bolsheviks, not least strengthening state control, providing a more effective means of educating the population on counter-revolution, and enabling a more flexible approach to the state’s enemies. All of this adds to our understanding of the early Soviet state and, ultimately, of how the Bolsheviks held on to power.

The funding and organization of infection control in NHS hospital trusts: a study of infection control professionals' views

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Croxson ◽  
P. Allen ◽  
J. A. Roberts ◽  
K. Archibald ◽  
S. Crawshaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Hospital Infection ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infection ◽  
Hospital Infection Control ◽  
Complex Picture ◽  
Ward Level ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Hospital Acquired

The problems associated with hospital-acquired infection have been causing increasing concern in England in recent years. This paper reports the results of a nationwide survey of hospital infection control professionals' views concerning the organizational structures used to manage and obtain funding for control of infection. A complex picture with significant variation between hospitals emerges. Although government policy dictates that specific funding for hospital infection control is formally made available, it is not always the case that infection control professionals have adequate resources to undertake their roles. In some cases this reflects the failure of hospitals' infection control budgetary mechanisms; in others it reflects the effects of decentralizing budgets to directorate or ward level. Some use was made of informal mechanisms either to supplement or to substitute for the formal ones. But almost all infection control professionals still believed they were constrained in their ability to protect the hospital population from the risk of infectious disease. It is clear that recent government announcements that increased effort will be made to support local structures and thereby improve the control of hospital acquired infection are to be welcomed.

scholarly journals MP-AzeFlu in Moderate-to-Severe Allergic Rhinitis: A Literature Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ludger Klimek ◽  
William E. Berger ◽  
Jean Bousquet ◽  
Paul K. Keith ◽  
Peter Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Fluticasone Propionate ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Symptomatic Disease ◽  
Intranasal Corticosteroids ◽  
Need For Treatment ◽  
Ocular Symptoms ◽  
Symptom Complex

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is prevalent, and many patients present with moderate-to-severe symptomatic disease. The majority of patients are not satisfied with their AR treatment, despite the use of concurrent medications. These gaps underscore the need for treatment with more effective options for moderate-to-severe AR. The authors’ objective was to review systematically the efficacy and safety of MP-AzeFlu for the treatment of AR. The primary outcomes studied were nasal, ocular, and total symptoms. Other outcomes included time to onset and of AR control, quality of life, and safety. Searches of PubMed and Cochrane databases were conducted on May 14, 2020, with no date restrictions, to identify publications reporting data on MP-AzeFlu. Clinical studies of any phase were included. Studies were excluded if they were not in English, were review articles, did not discuss the safety and efficacy of MP-AzeFlu for AR symptoms. Treatment of AR with MP-AzeFlu results in effective, sustained relief of nasal and ocular symptoms, and faster onset and time to control compared with intranasal azelastine or fluticasone propionate. Long-term use of MP-AzeFlu was safe, with benefits in children, adults, and adults aged ≥65 years. Other treatment options, including fluticasone propionate and azelastine alone or the combination of intranasal corticosteroids and oral antihistamine, do not provide the same level of efficacy as MP-AzeFlu in terms of rapid and sustained relief of the entire AR symptom complex. Furthermore, MP-AzeFlu significantly improves patient quality of life. MP-AzeFlu is a currently available combination that may satisfy all these patient needs and expectations.

scholarly journals CSR reporting by Chinese and Western MNEs: patterns combining formal homogenization and substantive differences

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Ervits
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Csr Reporting ◽  
Business Operations ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Chinese Mnes ◽  
Complex Picture ◽  
Corporate Social

AbstractIn light of the growing economic might and intensification of global activities of Chinese multinational enterprises (MNE), this paper looks into the nature of their corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting. CSR communications of the largest Chinese companies and their counterparts from advanced economies have been compared based on quantitative and qualitative content analysis of CSR reports. A mixed method approach has been rarely utilized in the analysis of CSR reporting. To analyze CSR reports the paper uses a two-dimensional conceptual framework based on Wood (Acad Manag Rev 16:691–717, 1991); Jamali and Mirshak (J Bus Ethics 72:243–262, 2007) and Lockett, Moon and Visser (J Manag Stud 43:115–136, 2006); Moon and Shen (J Bus Ethics 94:613–629, 2010). The findings indicate that quantitatively Chinese MNEs display patterns of CSR reporting comparable to major MNEs in developed economies. This paper argues that just like MNEs from developed economies Chinese MNEs use a global CSR reporting template as a convenient tool to align and harmonize various isomorphic pressures. However, qualitatively substantive discrepancies in content have been also identified due to national or other contextual characteristics. The analysis reveals a complex picture of national and international isomorphic forces at play. The paper addresses the lack of consensus concerning convergence/divergence of CSR reporting across the globe and, more specifically, between developed economies and emerging markets. In this respect this paper responds to the general call for research looking into various aspects of business operations, including CSR reporting, of MNEs from emerging markets.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document