scholarly journals Activity of antioxidant enzymes and processes of free radical oxidation in experimental hypothyroidism and correction of thyroid shifts with iodized polysaccharide complexes

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-119
Author(s):  
F Kh Kamilov ◽  
A N Mamtsev ◽  
V N Kozlov ◽  
G M Abdullina ◽  
O V Lobyreva
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Standard Diet

Aim. To determine the activity of antioxidant enzymes in rat liver tissue on the background of thiamazole hypothyroidism, and also after its correction with iodine-containing organo-mineral complexes. Methods. Studies were conducted on rats, which were divided into four groups: the first group - the control, in animals of the second, third and fourth groups hypothyroidism was induced by daily intragastric administration of thiamazole at a dose 2.5 mg per 100 g body weight for the duration of 3 weeks. Beginning from the 22-day of the experiment the animals of the fourth group for the duration of a month received a biologically active additive in a dose that provides the daily requirement of iodine in rats, while the animals of the third group were on the standard diet of the vivarium. The activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase was determined using a set of reagents «RANSOD Randox» manufactured by «Laboratories Ltd.», the catalase activity was determined by the method of M.A. Korolyuk. Results. Experimental hypothyroidism in rats was characterized by a decrease in the concentrations of free thyroxine, an increase in the content of total triiodothyronine and thyroid-stimulating hormone. In animals treated with tiamazol, the superoxide dismutase activity was 85.6% of the activity level of the control animals, glutathione activity - 77.3% of the level of intact animals. The catalase activity in hypothyroidism decreased significantly - down to 40% of the control level (p ≤0.001). In the liver homogenate of rats, treated for 1 month with «iodine biopolymer» after hypothyroidism induction, the superoxide dismutase activity almost reached the control values and accounted for 95.5% of the activity of intact animals. The activity of glutathione peroxidase and catalase, was even slightly higher than the control values, reaching 115.6 and 112.7% of levels of activity in the control group, respectively (p ≤0,05). At the same time in the animals, which were on a standard diet, the activity of the studied enzymes remained below the control values, with the catalase activity - significantly lower (49.9% of the control, p ≤0,001). Conclusion. The introduction of an iodine-containing biologically active compound on the background of hypothyroidism made it possible to restore the activity of thyroid-dependant antioxidant enzymes, to normalize the functional state of the pituitary-thyroid system and to inhibit the processes of lipid peroxidation in the liver the of animals.

scholarly journals In VivoAntioxidant Activity of Deacetylasperulosidic Acid in Noni

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
De-Lu Ma ◽  
Mai Chen ◽  
Chen X. Su ◽  
Brett J. West
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase Activity ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dose Dependent

Deacetylasperulosidic acid (DAA) is a major phytochemical constituent ofMorinda citrifolia(noni) fruit. Noni juice has demonstrated antioxidant activityin vivoand in human trials. To evaluate the role of DAA in this antioxidant activity, Wistar rats were fed 0 (control group), 15, 30, or 60 mg/kg body weight per day for 7 days. Afterwards, serum malondialdehyde concentration and superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were measured and compared among groups. A dose-dependent reduction in malondialdehyde was evident as well as a dose-dependent increase in superoxide dismutase activity. DAA ingestion did not influence serum glutathione peroxidase activity. These results suggest that DAA contributes to the antioxidant activity of noni juice by increasing superoxide dismutase activity. The fact that malondialdehyde concentrations declined with increased DAA dose, despite the lack of glutathione peroxidase-inducing activity, suggests that DAA may also increase catalase activity. It has been previously reported that noni juice increases catalase activityin vivobut additional research is required to confirm the effect of DAA on catalase. Even so, the current findings do explain a possible mechanism of action for the antioxidant properties of noni juice that have been observed in human clinical trials.

Absence of Modulating Effects of Cytokines on Antioxidant Enzymes in Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 455-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinn-Yang Chen ◽  
An-Hang Yang ◽  
Yao-Ping Lin ◽  
Jen-Kou Lin ◽  
Wu-Chang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Human Liver ◽  
Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Human Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells

Objective To investigate the modulation of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase by cytokines and endotoxin in human peritoneal mesothelial cells. Design Cultured human peritoneal mesothelial cells were treated with various concentrations of interleu kin-1 α, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNFα), interleukin-6, interleukin-8, transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ), and lipopolysaccharide. Cell morphology was observed and the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were assayed. The antioxidant enzyme activities of human peritoneal mesothelial cells were also compared with those of human liver and kidney tissues. Results Interleukin-1α, TNFα, TGFβ, and lipopolysaccharide caused dose-dependent cytotoxicities in mesothelial cells. The activities of these three antioxidant enzymes did not change after treatment with cytokines and endotoxin. The total superoxide dismutase activity of confluent human peritoneal mesothelial cells was found to be greater than that of human liver and kidney tissues and was composed mostly of manganese superoxide dismutase activity. Furthermore, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities of human peritoneal mesothelial cells were lower than those of human liver and kidney tissues. Conclusion In human peritoneal mesothelial cells, lack of induction of antioxidant enzymes by inflammatory cytokines, as well as high superoxide dismutase activity accompanied by insufficient glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities may both contribute to the susceptibility of these cells to oxidative damage. Therefore, appropriate management to decrease oxidative injury to the peritoneum should be taken into consideration when treating long-term continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients.

Activity of erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes in healthy women depends on age, BMI, physical activity and diet

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Cecerska-Heryć ◽  
Klaudia Krauze ◽  
Angelika Szczęśniak ◽  
Aleksandra Goryniak Mikołajczyk ◽  
Natalia Serwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Healthy Women

Abstract Introduction Antioxidant enzymes protect the human body against the harmful effects of oxidative stress. The activity of antioxidant enzymes changes with age, and depends on dietary nutrients such as fats and vitamins, which can have a significant impact on minimizing or exacerbating oxidative stress. Aim Examine the effect of age, BMI, diet, physical activity and smoking status on the activity of erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase glutathione S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione concentrations in healthy women. Material and methods This study included 98 healthy women aged between 20 and 65 years. All women underwent anthropometric tests: body weight, height, hip and waist circumference. Antioxidant activity in erythrocytes was measured by spectrophotometric methods. Results Catalase activity increased significantly with age (p<0.001), while superoxide dismutase activities and glutathione decreased with age (p =0.008, p =0.023, respectively). Women with a lower BMI (emaciation) had higher superoxide dismutase activity than those in the first degree of obesity (p = 0.009 Conclusions 1. Increased catalase activity with age may be a sign of a large amount of hydrogen peroxide, resulting from poorly functioning antioxidant systems in older age. 2. Decreased superoxide dismutase activity with age may indicate inactivation of this enzyme by excessive hydrogen peroxide, as well as glycation of superoxide dismutase molecules or reactions with lipid peroxidation products, the intensity of which increases with age. 3. The negative correlation between superoxide dismutase activity and BMI index indicates reduced enzymatic activity in obese subjects, despite increased ROS production by adipose tissue.

scholarly journals Antioxidant protection enzyme activity in the blood serum and large intestinal mucosa of rats with prolonged gastric hypochlorhydria and given multiprobiotics

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-444
Author(s):  
S. V. Pylypenko ◽  
A. A. Koval
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Glutathione Transferase ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Colon Mucosa

The activity of antioxidant protection enzymes in the blood serum and colon mucosa in rats was studied under the conditions of 28-days administration of omeprazole on its own and omeprazole together with multiprobiotics "Symbiter" and "Apibact". Physiological and biochemical study methods were applied. It was found that after omeprazole administration, the activity of superoxide dismutase in the blood serum decreased, and the activity of catalase increased compared to the control. With the co-administration of omeprazole and multiprobiotics, the activity of superoxide dismutase increased compared to the group of rats that received omeprazole only during the same time, but remained less compared to the control group. The content of reduced glutathione in the blood serum of rats after administration of omeprazole decreased, the activity of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione transferase increased, and the activity of glutathione reductase decreased compared to the control. With co-administration of omeprazole and multiprobiotics, the serum RG content was at the control level, the activity of glutathione reductase exceeded the control values. The activity of glutathione reductase decreased compared to the group receiving omeprazole only. The activity of glutathione reductase increased and did not differ from the control values. In the colon mucosa, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity decreased compared to control. With the combined administration of omeprazole and multiprobiotics, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity increased and even exceeded the control values. With the administration of omeprazole, the reduced glutathione content in the colon mucosa was lower than that in the control. The activity of glutathione peroxidase increased and glutathione transferase and activity of glutathione reductase decreased compared to the control. With co-administration of omeprazole and multiprobiotics to rats, the reduced glutathione content increased compared to the group of rats administered omeprazole only, and even exceeded that in the control.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Dorema glabrum on Induced Oxidative Stress by Diazinon in Hippocampus of Rat

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mina Adampourezare ◽  
Parisa Sistani ◽  
Homeira Hatami Nemati
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Pre Treatment

Introduction: Diazinon (DZN) administration produces lipid peroxidation as an indicator of oxidative stress in the brain. Some medicinal plants such as Dorema glabrum has antioxidant properties, so can be used as an antioxidant that may protect neurons from oxidative stress. The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of D. glabrum against DZN-induced oxidative stress in hippocampus. Methods: Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were used in this study. The rats randomly were divided into four groups including a control group, and two groups received different doses of D. glabrum (40 and 80 mg/kg) as pre-treatment for 21 days with DZN (100 mg/Kg) that was injected intraperitoneally (ip) in last day of D. glabrum usage, and one group received only DZN. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), which are the indicators of lipid peroxidation, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase) were determined in the ratsʼ hippocampus. Results: Administration of DZN significantly increased TBARS levels and superoxide dismutase activity and decreased glutathione peroxidase activity but there were no significant changes in catalase activity in the hippocampus. Combined D. glabrum and DZN treatment, caused a significant increase in glutathione peroxidase, a significant decrease of TBARS and a significant decrease in superoxide dismutase and again no significant changes in catalase activity in the rats’ hippocampus when compared to the rats treated with DZN. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that D. glabrum had an amelioratory effect on oxidative stress induced by DZN.

scholarly journals Cold-induced Antioxidant Enzymes Changes in Leucanthemum maximum`Silver Princess'

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 546-548
Author(s):  
Suping Zhou ◽  
Roger J. Sauvé ◽  
Margaret T. Mmbaga ◽  
Chaim Frenkel
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Species Change ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Peroxidase Isoforms

Leucanthemum maximum `Silver Princess' plants, that were gradually acclimated for 7 days at 10 °C followed by 28 days at 7 °C, were subjected to the following cold treatments: 30 days at 4 °C; 4 or 5 days at 0 °C and for 3 hours at –1 °C to identify cold inducible proteins that may be responsible for cold tolerance in this cold tolerant species. Change in antioxidant enzymes activity in fully expanded leaves was assessed after each treatment. Catalase activity began to increase after 30 days at 4 °C and reached its peak after a 5-day exposure to 0 °C. The activity of cellular glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase significantly increased after a 4-day exposure to 0 °C. Changes in activity of four active superoxide dismutase isoforms, one basic guaiacol peroxidase and two o-dianisine peroxidase isoforms were also detected following the full series of cold treatments (30 days at 4 °C; 4 or 5 days at 0 °C and for 3 hours at –1 °C).

scholarly journals Antioxidant system blood enzymes activity in patients with echinococcosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
N A Maslennikova ◽  
E Yu Sergeeva ◽  
E P Tikhonova ◽  
A Yu Burakov ◽  
N M Titova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
The Body ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Product ◽  
Gradual Development ◽  
Peroxidation Product ◽  
New Treatment

Aim. To study the activity of antioxidant enzymes and concentration of malondialdehyde - lipid peroxidation product - in patients with echinococcosis. Methods. 22 patients aged 32 to 74 years [females - 9 (40%), males - 13 (60%), mean age 37.6 years] with established diagnosis of liver echinococcosis confirmed by ELISA, were examined. Mean disease duration was 10 years. 12 patients, in whom the diagnosis of liver echinococcosis was excluded, were included in the control group. Superoxide dismutase activity was determined based on adrenaline auto-oxidation inhibition, as well as catalase activity and malondialdehyde level were determined. Results. Statistically significant decrease in the malondialdehyde concentration from 5.9 [5.6÷6.6] to 3.7 [3.3÷4.1] mmol/g of hemoglobin (p 0.001), superoxide dismutase activity - from 764 [744÷796] to 666 [627÷695] i.u./min.×g of hemoglobin (p 0.001) was revealed in patients with echinococcosis. Catalase activity did not change significantly (maintained at the level of control group), which may indicate a temporary activation of the compensatory abilities of the body. Conclusion. Revealed data suggest that gradual development of oxidative stress and decrease in body adaptive abilities play a significant role in the pathogenesis of liver echinococcosis which should be considered while working out the new treatment options for the disease.

scholarly journals Significance of alterations in hepatic antioxidant enzymes. Primacy of glutathione peroxidase

1988 ◽  
Vol 251 (3) ◽  
pp. 913-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
T W Simmons ◽  
I S Jamall
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Mitochondrial Superoxide ◽  
Se Deficiency ◽  
Mitochondrial Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Incremental Increase

The relative contributions of catalase and the selenoenzyme glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were elucidated in the rat liver by selectively modulating the activities of these enzymes using dietary selenium (Se) and the catalase inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (3-AT). Increased peroxidation occurred only in Se-deficient rats with markedly reduced cytosolic and mitochondrial GSH-Px activities. Although 3-AT treatment resulted in a 75% reduction of hepatic catalase activity and also a 20% reduction of both cytosolic and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, no incremental increase in peroxidation was observed over that associated with Se deficiency. In Se-deficient animals, treatment with 3-AT resulted in a doubling of cytosolic GSH-Px. This was associated with a 49% elevation in hepatic Se suggesting that increased Se may have contributed to the enhanced GSH-Px activity. These results suggest that GSH-Px plays the pivotal role in preventing hepatic peroxidation. Furthermore, the effects of 3-AT in vivo are not restricted to inhibition of catalase activity insofar as it also affects cytosolic GSH-Px activity and cytosolic and mitochondrial SOD activities.

State of the enzyme link of antioxidant protection in boys with hypoandrogenism

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
L. K. Parkhomenko ◽  
◽  
L. A. Strashok ◽  
S. I. Turchina ◽  
G. V. Kosovtsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Conjugated Dienes ◽  
Delayed Puberty ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Radical Oxidation

Recently, interest in the problem of free radical oxidation in biological membranes, which is directly related to both the normal functioning of cells and the occurrence, course and outcome of many pathological conditions, has increased again in clinical medicine. The aim was to determine the role and impact of antioxidant defense in boys with hypoandrogenism. The study involved 75 adolescents with hypoandrogenism aged 13–18 years, who underwent a complex of clinical and laboratory examinations. All patients were conducted complex of anthropometric research and determination of the degree of delayed puberty, laboratory and instrumental examination. Free radical oxidation was determined by the levels of malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes, carbonated proteins, superoxide dismutase and catalase in the serum, and restored glutathione and glutathione peroxidase in whole blood. Based on their determination, the coefficient of oxidative stress was calculated. Statistical processing of results was performed using parametric and nonparametric methods. The study of indicators of the free radical oxidation process found that adolescents with hypoandrogenism have multidirectional changes in the oxidation of proteins and lipids, namely: the level of conjugated dienes increases, the concentration of malondialdehyde remains at the level of the control group, and the level of carbonated proteins tends to decrease. As for the activity of antioxidant protection enzymes, a significant decrease in the level of glutathione peroxidase was detected, while the level of superoxide dismutase and catalase remained at the level of normative indicators. Oxidative stress accompanies and is one of the pathogenetic links in the formation or maintenance of the state of hypoandrogenism in boys. This requires the use of antioxidants, the complex of which must be selected individually.

Alteration in the oxidative status of Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) fed with a diet containing Centaurea depressa M. Bieb. (Asteraceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-237
Author(s):  
Eda Güneş
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Carbonyl Content ◽  
Protein Carbonyl Content ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Dried Extract

Abstract The aim of the this study was to evaluate the effects of fresh, dried and freeze-dried Centaurea depressa M. Bieb. (Asteraceae) on the oxidant and antioxidant status of the model organism D. melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) experimentally. The study was carried out from 2016 to 2019, and plant leaf extracts (0-50 mg/l) were added to insect standard artificial diets. The total protein, protein carbonyl content and glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were quantified at the insect’s third larval stage. Our data showed that protein carbonyl content varied from 2.70 nmol/mg protein in the control group to 59.11 nmol/mg protein in the group fed with fresh leaf extract signifying induction of oxidative stress. All extracts increased the levels of all antioxidant enzymes and decreased the amounts of total protein. Meanwhile, the group fed with the freeze-dried extract showed no significant difference in the levels of total protein and protein carbonyl content except at the 50 mg/l concentration of the extract. Moreover, this group had superoxide dismutase and catalase activities 4 to 5 times higher than in the control group. In conclusion, induction of oxidative stress indicates that the fresh form of C. depressa leaves may have potential as a natural pesticide, whereas induction of endogenous antioxidant enzymes by the freeze-dried extract suggest its potential as an antioxidant.

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