On the surgical treatment of epilepsy

1934 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 637-637
Author(s):  
P. Badul
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Cervical Sympathectomy ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Treatment Of Epilepsy ◽  
Ganglion Stellatum ◽  
Rami Communicantes

On the basis of experiments on dogs the author suggests the following operations in the autonomic nervous system in epilepsy: transection of all nerves sinus caroticus, cervical sympathectomy, transection of n. vertebralis, rami communicantes ganglion stellatum and vertical branches of the vagus nerve.

scholarly journals Daily temperature dynamics of human skin representative areas

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
S. Goncharevskyi ◽  
V. Martynyuk
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Temperature Variation ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Medulla Oblongata ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Infrared Thermometer ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Temperature Dynamics

The main aim of our research was to study the temperature variation of representative are a soft the cranial part of the autonomic nervous system of the human skin during the day. The temperature of representative are a soft the thoracic autonomic nervous system we measured by infrared thermometer (Medisana FTO D-53340, with anaccuracy of 0.1 degree Celsius). During the study identified minimums and maximums temperatures for representative are as during the day: the hypothalamus – 13 (maximum), 3 (minimum) an hour, midbrain – 15 (maximum), 5 (minimum) an hour, pons- not found, the medulla oblongata – 9, 15 (maximum), 3.21 (minimum) an hour, the vagus nerve (right side) – 15 (maximum), 5 (at least) an hour, the vagus nerve (left side) – 15 (maximum), 21 (minimum) an hour. The presence of minimums and maximums temperature in representative areas indicates different activity related to their brain structures.

The Autonomic Nervous System of the Chimaeroid Fish Hydrolagus colliei

1950 ◽  
Vol s3-91 (16) ◽  
pp. 379-399
Author(s):  
J.A. COLIN NICOL
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Sympathetic Ganglia ◽  
Vagus Nerves ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Autonomic Systems ◽  
Bony Fishes ◽  
Rami Communicantes ◽  
Chromaffin Tissue

The autonomic nervous system of the chimaeroid fish Hydrolagus colliei has been investigated by dissections and histological methods. It consists of a cranial parasympathetic portion and a sympathetic portion confined to the trunk. The latter extends from the level of the heart to the anus and consists of segmentally arranged ganglia on each side of the dorsal aorta. These ganglia are closely associated with small accumulations of suprarenal tissue. Two axillary bodies are the largest of the sympathetic and suprarenal structures. They lie about the subclavian arteries and are made up of a gastric ganglion and a relatively large mass of chromaffin tissue. The sympathetic ganglia lie in an irregular plexus of longitudinal and crossing sympathetic strands but there is no regular sympathetic chain or commissure between ganglia. There are white rami communicantes which connect the sympathetic ganglia with spinal nerves. A small pregastric ganglion lies on the rami communicantes to the gastric ganglion. The visceral nerves arising from the sympathetic ganglia proceed to blood-vessels, genital ducts, chromaffin tissue, and gut. The latter is supplied by large splanchnic nerves which originate in the gastric ganglia and proceed along the coeliac axis to the intestine, pancreas, and liver. Prevertebral ganglia are absent. A mucosal and a submucosal plexus are present in the intestine. The cranial component of the autonomic system comprises a midbrain and a hindbrain outflow. In the former there is a ciliary ganglion on the inferior oblique branch of the oculomotor nerve. Short ciliary nerves proceed from this branch to the eyeball. A radix longa is absent. Sensory fibres go directly to the eyeball from the profundus nerve as anterior and posterior long ciliary nerves. The hindbrain outflow comprises scattered nerve-cells and ganglia on post-trematic branches of the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves. These autonomic fibres in the branchial nerves innervate smooth muscle in the pharyngeal region. A visceral branch of the vagus innervates the heart, oesophagus, and intestine; it also establishes a connexion with the pregastric ganglion. In general, the autonomic nervous system of Hydrolagus is very similar to that of selachians. It appears that the autonomic systems of these two groups have undergone little alteration since their origin in the Palaeozoic from some common form. Their autonomic systems reflect a simple and primitive level of organization from which more complex systems of the bony fishes and amphibians have evolved.

Sympathetic holding and parasympathetic release: Vagal tone and beta, alpha and theta in bio-somatic dance movement naturotherapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 199-229
Author(s):  
Amanda Williamson ◽  
Maisie Beth James ◽  
Vanessa Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Dance Movement ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Fear And Anxiety ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Physiological Theory

This article will be of interest to somatic movement dance therapists who work with people suffering from stress, anxiety and depression. Anyone suffering from sympathetic neural expression (fear and anxiety) might find this article useful. Within this article I detail information and practice that supports participants moving from a sympathetic state into parasympathetic release. Two of my students have provided practice-based enactments of the physiological theory they study on the programme ‘bio-somatic dance movement naturotherapy’. The article is divided into five parts. Each part provides theory about the autonomic nervous system (ANS), the vagus nerve and the practice of bio-somatic dance movement naturotherapy. The first part is called ‘The intelligence of the autonomic nervous system’. The second part is called ‘The vagus nerve'. The third part is called ‘The geography of the autonomic nervous system’. The fourth part is called ‘The New Vagus’. The fifth part is called ‘Beta, alpha and theta’. The article provides essential information on embodied healing, offered to enhance our understanding about the scientific underpinnings of practice. Another area covered is the relationship between the parasympathetic and beta, alpha and theta.

scholarly journals Targeting the Autonomic Nervous System for Risk Stratification, Outcome Prediction and Neuromodulation in Ischemic Stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2357
Author(s):  
Angelica Carandina ◽  
Giulia Lazzeri ◽  
Davide Villa ◽  
Alessio Di Fonzo ◽  
Sara Bonato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Molecular Studies

Ischemic stroke is a worldwide major cause of mortality and disability and has high costs in terms of health-related quality of life and expectancy as well as of social healthcare resources. In recent years, starting from the bidirectional relationship between autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction and acute ischemic stroke (AIS), researchers have identified prognostic factors for risk stratification, prognosis of mid-term outcomes and response to recanalization therapy. In particular, the evaluation of the ANS function through the analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) appears to be a promising non-invasive and reliable tool for the management of patients with AIS. Furthermore, preclinical molecular studies on the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of stroke damage have shown an extensive overlap with the activity of the vagus nerve. Evidence from the application of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) on animal models of AIS and on patients with chronic ischemic stroke has highlighted the surprising therapeutic possibilities of neuromodulation. Preclinical molecular studies highlighted that the neuroprotective action of VNS results from anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiapoptotic mechanisms mediated by α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Given the proven safety of non-invasive VNS in the subacute phase, the ease of its use and its possible beneficial effect in hemorrhagic stroke as well, human studies with transcutaneous VNS should be less challenging than protocols that involve invasive VNS and could be the proof of concept that neuromodulation represents the very first therapeutic approach in the ultra-early management of stroke.

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