scholarly journals Population epigenetics, ecotoxicology and human diseases

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-28
Author(s):  
Eugene L Patkin ◽  
Henry A Sofronov
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Epigenetic Variability ◽  
Current State ◽  
Population Epigenetics

The review critically examines the current state of population epigenetics. Possible mechanisms of intergenerational inheritance of epigenetic and epigenomic modifications as a condition of population epigenetics reality are examined. Special attention is paid to the role of external factors, including diet and various chemical compounds as modulators of the epigenome, and the possible inheritance of epigenetic variability characteristics under the influence of such environmental factors. The role of epigenetic mechanisms in the etiology and susceptibility to complex human diseases is considered.

scholarly journals Influences of the environmental factors on the intention to adopt cloud based accounting information system among SMEs in Jordan

Accounting ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 645-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malek Hamed Alshirah ◽  
Abdalwali Lutfi ◽  
Ahmad Farhan Alshira’h ◽  
Mohamed Saad ◽  
Nahla Mohamad El Sayed Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Institutional Theory ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Accounting Information System ◽  
Intention To Adopt

The objective of this study is to examine the role of external factors including MP, CP, and NP on the intention to adopt Cloud Based Accounting Information System (CB-AIS). The study proposes a theoretical framework based on institutional theory (INT). The data were collected from small and medium sized enterprise (SMEs) operating in Jordan. A total of 600 questionnaires were distributed to selected SMEs and only 142 were returned and used for the analysis. The empirical data were analyzed using the PLS-SEM modelling. The findings showed that MP, CP, and NP had significant direct associations with the CB-AIS intention to adopt. The results provide important insights to managers, researchers and policymakers to help them understand the importance of CB-AIS adopting to enhance firm performance.

scholarly journals Positions and prospects of Russian shipbuilding in the world market of naval equipment

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 08007
Author(s):  
Victor Dengov ◽  
Irina Tulyakova ◽  
Elena Gregova
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
World Market ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
Military Security ◽  
Available Information ◽  
The Impact

Research background: The products of the arms and military equipment market create the material basis for the country’s military security. The most important segment of this market is the market of naval equipment. The acquired competencies have naturally led Russia to the role of the most important exporter in this market. The authors have repeatedly addressed the topic of Russian shipbuilding and the role of Russia in the world market of naval equipment and military ships. Purpose of the article: The main goal of the research is to analyze the current state of the market of naval equipment, the positions of its main participants and, especially, Russia. To determine the future prospects of Russia’s presence in this market, it was necessary to identify the main problems of Russian shipbuilding and consider the impact of external factors on the state of the industry. Methods: Generalizations of the research are based on processing and systematization of data obtained from available information sources. Analyzing the statistics, the authors were able to deduce the trends of the current moment and determine the prospects. Findings & Value added: The analysis of key market indicators, as well as the problems of Russian shipbuilding, allowed the authors to build possible scenarios for its future development, from optimistic under favorable external factors to pessimistic, in which the loss of not only military security, but also the position of the largest exporter in the world market of naval equipment and military ships is inevitable.

scholarly journals The Possible Role of Epigenetics in Gestational Diabetes: Cause, Consequence, or Both

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Fernández-Morera ◽  
S. Rodríguez-Rodero ◽  
E. Menéndez-Torre ◽  
M. F. Fraga
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Intrauterine Environment

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as the glucose intolerance that is not present or recognized prior to pregnancy. Several risk factors of GDM depend on environmental factors that are thought to regulate the genome through epigenetic mechanisms. Thus, epigenetic regulation could be involved in the development of GDM. In addition, the adverse intrauterine environment in patients with GDM could also have a negative impact on the establishment of the epigenomes of the offspring.

scholarly journals Single-suture craniosynostosis and the epigenome: current evidence and a review of epigenetic principles

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. E10
Author(s):  
Othman Bin Alamer ◽  
Adrian E. Jimenez ◽  
Tej D. Azad
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Genetic Predisposition ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Congenital Disease ◽  
Single Suture ◽  
Shed Light

Craniosynostosis (CS) is a congenital disease that arises due to premature ossification of single or multiple sutures, which results in skull deformities. The surgical management of single-suture CS continues to evolve and is driven by a robust body of clinical research; however, the molecular underpinnings of CS remain poorly understood. Despite long-standing hypotheses regarding the interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental factors, formal investigation of the epigenetic underpinnings of CS has been limited. In an effort to catalyze further investigation into the epigenetic basis of CS, the authors review the fundamentals of epigenetics, discuss recent studies that shed light on this emerging field, and offer hypotheses regarding the role of epigenetic mechanisms in the development of single-suture CS.

scholarly journals The Role of Epigenetics in Arterial Calcification

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan-Shan Wu ◽  
Xiao Lin ◽  
Ling-Qing Yuan ◽  
Er-Yuan Liao
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Arterial Calcification ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Arterial calcification is highly prevalent and correlated with cardiovascular mortality, especially in patients with ESRD or diabetes. The pathogenesis of arterial calcification is multifactorial, with both genetic and environmental factors being implicated. In recent years, several mechanisms contributing to arterial calcification have been proposed. However, these can only explain a small proportion of the variability in arterial calcification, which is a major obstacle for its prevention and management. Epigenetics has emerged as one of the most promising areas that may fill in some of the gaps in our current knowledge of the interaction between the environmental insults with gene regulation in the development of diseases. Epigenetics refers to heritable and acquired changes in gene transcription that occur independently of the DNA sequence. Well-known components of epigenetic regulation include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs. Epigenetics research in the regulation of arterial calcification has only recently been elucidated. In this review, we will summarise recent progress in epigenetic pathways involved in arterial calcification and discuss potential therapeutic interventions based on epigenetic mechanisms.

scholarly journals A non-genetic meiotic repair program inferred from spore survival values in fission yeast wild isolates: a clue for an epigenetic ratchet-like model of ageing?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavi Marsellach
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Fission Yeast ◽  
Vegetative Cell ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Ageing Process ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Epigenetic Variability ◽  
Cyclical Behaviour ◽  
Research Questions

1.AbstractWhat is the nature of the ageing process? What is the spore survival, that one would expect upon analysing a self-cross, in a wild fission yeast strain? Could this two research questions be, somehow, related? In this manuscript, I am describing some interesting observations obtained while studying fission yeast spore survival values upon genetic crosses. Early findings brought my attention into mainly studying self-crosses (intra-strain crosses in which any cell can be involved in by matting with a sibling cell). This study, yield some interesting findings. As a summary: 1) most fission yeast self-crosses do show low spore survival values; 2) clonally related strains show a high phenotypic variability in self-cross spore survival values; 3) differences in self-cross spore survival values can be detected when comparing zygotic and azygotic mattings; 4) self-cross spore survival values are highly affected by environmental factors, mainly producing a reduction in the spore survival values; 5) self-cross spore survival values are “recovered” when cells are subjected to several rounds of meiotic divisions; 6) signs of correlation between spore survival and vegetative cell survival (prior to the entry into meiosis) have been observed in this study. All those observations, among others, are discussed as part of an epigenetic variability that exist in fission yeast populations. A cyclical behaviour, of this epigenetic variability it is proposed, defining an underlying ratchet-like epigenetic mechanisms acting in all cells. In this manuscript, I propose that this mechanism, is, indeed, the main cause of the ageing process.

scholarly journals Possible Roles of tRNA Fragments, as New Regulatory ncRNAs, in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9481
Author(s):  
Satoshi Yamasaki ◽  
Munetoshi Nakashima ◽  
Hiroaki Ida
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Gene Analysis ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Targeted Drugs ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Current State ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Pathological Mechanism

Understanding the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has led to the successful development of molecule-targeted drugs for the treatment of RA. However, some RA patients are refractory to these treatments, suggesting that the pathological mechanism of the disease is not entirely understood. Genome and transcriptome analysis is essential for understanding the unknown pathophysiology of human diseases. Rapid and more comprehensive gene analysis technologies have revealed notable changes in the expression of coding RNA and non-coding RNA in RA patients. This review focuses on the current state of non-coding RNA research in relation to RA, especially on tRNA fragments. Interestingly, it has been found that tRNA fragments repress translation and are antiapoptotic. The association between tRNA fragments and various diseases has been studied, and this article reviews the possible role of tRNA fragments in RA.

scholarly journals Epigenetics in disease etiopathogenesis

Genetika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 975-994
Author(s):  
Mila Glavaski ◽  
Karmen Stankov
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Epigenetic Modifications ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Hereditary Diseases ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Epigenetic Changes

The term epigenetics refers to heritable changes in gene expression that are not caused by modifications in DNA sequence. Epigenetic changes are DNA methylation, histone modifications, nucleosome positioning, and non-coding RNA (including microRNA) mediated modifications. Epigenetic mechanisms are involved in malignant diseases, imprinting defects, and some hereditary diseases. Recent research explained the role of epigenetic disorders in infections, autoimmune, neurodegenerative and bone diseases, as well as in psoriasis, endometriosis, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Epigenetic modifications have a potential clinical application as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, and also as therapeutic targets in oncology, endocrinology, cardiology, and neuropsychiatry. Stress, anxiety, depression, emotions and many other psychological factors may affect epigenetic mechanisms. Influence of preconception parental stress exposure transmits to the next generation through epigenetic changes, as direct results of prenatal and postnatal environmental factors. Epigenetic changes identify environmental factors which affect health and cause disease onset. Milk is the sophisticated system of communication between mother and infant, operating via epigenetic mechanisms. Lifelong consumption of bovine milk causes epigenetic disorders. Recent studies provide important information about the role of bioactive dietary nutrients which modify epigenome in malignancy prevention and therapy. Any interruption in the balance of intestinal microbiota initiates aberrant epigenetic modifications. Epigenetic patterns act as the ?molecular watches? and they play the central role in the establishment of biological rhythms. Epigenetic mechanisms can determine the result of assisted reproductive technology and genetic engineering. The extensive research about the association of epigenetics and pharmacology led to the development of pharmacoepigenetics. All these results emphasize the importance of further research which will take into account all factors that may affect epigenetic mechanisms.

Experimental Amyloidosis Induced by Immune Complex

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 582-583
Author(s):  
A. Kawaoi
Keyword(s):  
Immune Complex ◽  
Systemic Amyloidosis ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Experimental Amyloidosis ◽  
Freund’S Complete Adjuvant ◽  
Freund's Complete Adjuvant ◽  
Immunological Approach ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Numbers of immunological approach have been made to the amyloidosis through the variety of predisposing human diseases and the experimentally induced animals by the greater number of agents. The results suggest an important role of impaired immunity involving both humoral and cell-mediated aspects.Recently the author has succeeded in producing amyloidosis in the rabbits and mice by the injections of immune complex of heat denatured DNA.The aim of this report is to demonstrate the details of the ultrastructure of the amyloidosis induced by heterologous insoluble immune complex. Eleven of twelve mice, dd strain, subcutaneously injected twice a week with Freund's complete adjuvant and four of seven animals intraperitonially injected developed systemic amyloidosis two months later from the initial injections. The spleens were electron microscopically observed.

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