scholarly journals Primary cicatricial alopecia: a literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Irina V. Zvezdina
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltrate ◽  
Epithelial Stem Cells ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
Bulge Region

The term cicatricial alopecia results from irreversible damage to epithelial stem cells located in the bulge region of the hair follicle with subsequent scarring. Based on the mechanism involved in follicular destruction, cicatricial alopecia is divided into primary and secondary forms. Primary cicatricial alopecia are divided into four groups according to their prominent inflammatory infiltrate: with lymphocytic, neutrophilic, mixed or nonspecific cell inflammation pattern. The review presents the main clinical, histological and dermatoscopic signs of various types of primary cicatricial alopecia.

Immunophenotyping of the human bulge region: the quest to define useful in situ markers for human epithelial hair follicle stem cells and their niche

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 592-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Elisabeth Kloepper ◽  
Stephan Tiede ◽  
Jürgen Brinckmann ◽  
Dieter Peter Reinhardt ◽  
Wilfried Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Bulge Region ◽  
Hair Follicle Stem Cells ◽  
Follicle Stem Cells

scholarly journals Hair Follicle Epithelial Stem Cells Get Their Sox On

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela M. Christiano
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Epithelial Stem Cells

scholarly journals Hair Follicle Dermal Cells Support Expansion of Murine and Human Embryonic and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Promote Haematopoiesis in Mouse Cultures

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jun Liu ◽  
Claire A. Higgins ◽  
Jenna C. Whitehouse ◽  
Susan J. Harris ◽  
Heather Crawford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Epithelial Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell Maintenance ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
Dermal Cells

In the hair follicle, the dermal papilla (DP) and dermal sheath (DS) support and maintain proliferation and differentiation of the epithelial stem cells that produce the hair fibre. In view of their regulatory properties, in this study, we investigated the interaction between hair follicle dermal cells (DP and DS) and embryonic stem cells (ESCs); induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs); and haematopoietic stem cells. We found that coculture of follicular dermal cells with ESCs or iPSCs supported their prolonged maintenance in an apparently undifferentiated state as established by differentiation assays, immunocytochemistry, and RT-PCR for markers of undifferentiated ESCs. We further showed that cytokines that are involved in ESC support are also expressed by cultured follicle dermal cells, providing a possible explanation for maintenance of ES cell stemness in cocultures. The same cytokines were expressed within folliclesin situin a pattern more consistent with a role in follicle growth activities than stem cell maintenance. Finally, we show that cultured mouse follicle dermal cells provide good stromal support for haematopoiesis in an established coculture model. Human follicular dermal cells represent an accessible and readily propagated source of feeder cells for pluripotent and haematopoietic cells and have potential for use in clinical applications.

scholarly journals Keratin 15 Promoter Targets Putative Epithelial Stem Cells in the Hair Follicle Bulge

2003 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 963-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaping Liu ◽  
Stephen Lyle ◽  
Zaixin Yang ◽  
George Cotsarelis
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Epithelial Stem Cells

Hair follicle predetermination

2001 ◽  
Vol 114 (19) ◽  
pp. 3419-3431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei A. Panteleyev ◽  
Colin A. B. Jahoda ◽  
Angela M. Christiano
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Hair Shaft ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Cellular Kinetics ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Bulge Region ◽  
Disc Cells

Recent genetic and molecular studies of hair follicle (HF) biology have provided substantial insight; however, the molecular data, including expression patterns, cannot be properly appreciated without an understanding of the basic cellular rearrangements and interactions that underpin HF cyclic transformations. We present a novel interpretation of the major cellular processes that take place during HF cycling – the hypothesis of hair follicle predetermination. This hypothesis is an extension of previous models of HF cellular kinetics but has two critical modifications: the dual origin of the cycling portion of the HF, and the timing of the recruitment of stem cells. A compilation of evidence suggests that the ascending portion of the HF (hair shaft and inner root sheath) arises not from bulge-located HF stem cells that contribute to the formation of only the outer root sheath (ORS), but instead from the germinative cells localized in the secondary hair germ. In middle anagen, upon completion of the downward growth of the HF, cells derived from the bulge region migrate downward along the ORS to reside at the periphery of the HF bulb as a distinct, inactive cell population that has specific patterns of gene expression - ‘the lateral disc’. These cells survive catagen-associated apoptosis and, under the direct influence of the follicular papilla (FP), transform into the hair germ and acquire the ability to respond to FP signaling and produce a new hair. Thus, we propose that the specific sensitivity of germ cells to FP signaling and their commitment to produce the ascending HF layers are predetermined by the previous hair cycle during the process of transformation of bulge-derived lateral disc cells into the secondary hair germ.

scholarly journals Tp63-expressing adult epithelial stem cells cross lineages boundaries revealing latent hairy skin competence

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Claudinot ◽  
Jun-Ichi Sakabe ◽  
Hideo Oshima ◽  
Christèle Gonneau ◽  
Thimios Mitsiadis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Epithelial Stem Cells ◽  
Sebaceous Glands ◽  
Embryonic Origin ◽  
Lineage Markers

Abstract The formation of hair follicles, a landmark of mammals, requires complex mesenchymal–epithelial interactions and it is commonly believed that embryonic epidermal cells are the only cells that can respond to hair follicle morphogenetic signals in vivo. Here, we demonstrate that epithelial stem cells of non-skin origin (e.g. that of cornea, oesophagus, vagina, bladder, prostate) that express the transcription factor Tp63, a master gene for the development of epidermis and its appendages, can respond to skin morphogenetic signals. When exposed to a newborn skin microenvironment, these cells express hair-follicle lineage markers and contribute to hair follicles, sebaceous glands and/or epidermis renewal. Our results demonstrate that lineage restriction is not immutable and support the notion that all Tp63-expressing epithelial stem cells, independently of their embryonic origin, have latent skin competence explaining why aberrant hair follicles or sebaceous glands are sometimes observed in non-skin tissues (e.g. in cornea, vagina or thymus).

scholarly journals Expansion and characterization of epithelial stem cells with potential for cyclical hair regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Takeo ◽  
Kyosuke Asakawa ◽  
Koh-ei Toyoshima ◽  
Miho Ogawa ◽  
JingJing Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Regenerative Therapy ◽  
Functional Heterogeneity ◽  
Epithelial Stem Cells ◽  
Hair Regeneration ◽  
Bulge Region

AbstractIn mammals, organ induction occurs only during embryonic development except for hair follicles (HFs). However, HF-resident epithelial stem cells (HFSCs), which are responsible for repetitive HF regeneration, are not fully characterized. Here, we establish in vitro culture systems that are capable of controlling the ability of HFSCs to regenerate HFs. Based on a method that precisely controlled the number of HFs for regeneration, functional analysis revealed that CD34/CD49f/integrin β5 (Itgβ5)-triple-positive (CD34+/CD49f+/Itgβ5+) cells have multipotency and functional significance for continual hair regeneration. In native HFs, these cells reside in the uppermost area of the bulge region, which is surrounded by tenascin in mice and humans. This study unveils the subpopulation of HFSCs responsible for long-term hair cycling of HFs regenerated from bioengineered HF germ, suggesting the presence of functional heterogeneity among bulge HFSCs and the utility of our culture system to achieve HF regenerative therapy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document