scholarly journals Isolation, Cultivation, and Morphological Characteristics of Hair Follicle Adult Stem Cells in the Bulge Region in Mouse and Human

2020 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 9-30
Author(s):  
Bélgica J. Molina ◽  
Héctor J. Finol
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Bulge Region

Immunophenotyping of the human bulge region: the quest to define useful in situ markers for human epithelial hair follicle stem cells and their niche

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 592-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Elisabeth Kloepper ◽  
Stephan Tiede ◽  
Jürgen Brinckmann ◽  
Dieter Peter Reinhardt ◽  
Wilfried Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Bulge Region ◽  
Hair Follicle Stem Cells ◽  
Follicle Stem Cells

scholarly journals Embryonic attenuated Wnt/β-catenin signaling defines niche location and long-term stem cell fate in hair follicle

eLife ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zijian Xu ◽  
Wenjie Wang ◽  
Kaiju Jiang ◽  
Zhou Yu ◽  
Huanwei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Hair Follicle Stem Cells ◽  
Follicle Stem Cells

Long-term adult stem cells sustain tissue regeneration throughout the lifetime of an organism. They were hypothesized to originate from embryonic progenitor cells that acquire long-term self-renewal ability and multipotency at the end of organogenesis. The process through which this is achieved often remains unclear. Here, we discovered that long-term hair follicle stem cells arise from embryonic progenitor cells occupying a niche location that is defined by attenuated Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Hair follicle initiation is marked by placode formation, which depends on the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Soon afterwards, a region with attenuated Wnt/β-catenin signaling emerges in the upper follicle. Embryonic progenitor cells residing in this region gain expression of adult stem cell markers and become definitive long-term hair follicle stem cells at the end of organogenesis. Attenuation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling is a prerequisite for hair follicle stem cell specification because it suppresses Sox9, which is required for stem cell formation.

Hair follicle predetermination

2001 ◽  
Vol 114 (19) ◽  
pp. 3419-3431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei A. Panteleyev ◽  
Colin A. B. Jahoda ◽  
Angela M. Christiano
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Hair Shaft ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Cellular Kinetics ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Bulge Region ◽  
Disc Cells

Recent genetic and molecular studies of hair follicle (HF) biology have provided substantial insight; however, the molecular data, including expression patterns, cannot be properly appreciated without an understanding of the basic cellular rearrangements and interactions that underpin HF cyclic transformations. We present a novel interpretation of the major cellular processes that take place during HF cycling – the hypothesis of hair follicle predetermination. This hypothesis is an extension of previous models of HF cellular kinetics but has two critical modifications: the dual origin of the cycling portion of the HF, and the timing of the recruitment of stem cells. A compilation of evidence suggests that the ascending portion of the HF (hair shaft and inner root sheath) arises not from bulge-located HF stem cells that contribute to the formation of only the outer root sheath (ORS), but instead from the germinative cells localized in the secondary hair germ. In middle anagen, upon completion of the downward growth of the HF, cells derived from the bulge region migrate downward along the ORS to reside at the periphery of the HF bulb as a distinct, inactive cell population that has specific patterns of gene expression - ‘the lateral disc’. These cells survive catagen-associated apoptosis and, under the direct influence of the follicular papilla (FP), transform into the hair germ and acquire the ability to respond to FP signaling and produce a new hair. Thus, we propose that the specific sensitivity of germ cells to FP signaling and their commitment to produce the ascending HF layers are predetermined by the previous hair cycle during the process of transformation of bulge-derived lateral disc cells into the secondary hair germ.

The Hair Follicle Bulge: A Niche for Adult Stem Cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilda Amalia Pasolli
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Wound Repair ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Tissue Homeostasis ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
Multiple Cell

AbstractAdult stem cells (SCs) are essential for tissue homeostasis and wound repair. They have the ability to both self-renew and differentiate into multiple cell types. They often reside in specialized microenvironments or niches that preserve their proliferative and tissue regenerative capacity. The murine hair follicle (HF) has a specialized and permanent compartment—the bulge, which safely lodges SCs and provides the necessary molecular cues to regulate their function. The HF undergoes cyclic periods of destruction, regeneration, and rest, making it an excellent system to study SC biology.

scholarly journals Primary cicatricial alopecia: a literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Irina V. Zvezdina
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltrate ◽  
Epithelial Stem Cells ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
Bulge Region

The term cicatricial alopecia results from irreversible damage to epithelial stem cells located in the bulge region of the hair follicle with subsequent scarring. Based on the mechanism involved in follicular destruction, cicatricial alopecia is divided into primary and secondary forms. Primary cicatricial alopecia are divided into four groups according to their prominent inflammatory infiltrate: with lymphocytic, neutrophilic, mixed or nonspecific cell inflammation pattern. The review presents the main clinical, histological and dermatoscopic signs of various types of primary cicatricial alopecia.

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