scholarly journals Perceptions of Media Performance: Expectation-Evaluation Discrepancies and Their Relationship with Media-related and Populist Attitudes

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayla Fawzi ◽  
Cornelia Mothes
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
German Population ◽  
High Expectations ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Performance ◽  
Media Trust ◽  
Media Environments ◽  
A Minor

Public criticism of professional media is omnipresent in many democratic societies. This debate has often been examined concerning what the audience demands from the media (expectations) or how they evaluate media performance (evaluations). Based on a representative, quota-based online survey of the German population in 2019, this study examines citizens’ expectations, evaluations, and the discrepancies between both, as well as their relationship with media trust, socio-political predispositions—particularly populist attitudes—and individual media use in high-choice media environments. Results show that citizens have high expectations of the media which they mainly do not see fulfilled and that expectation-evaluation discrepancies are related to lower media trust in the case of particularly important and/or most noticeably underperformed media functions. Both expectations and evaluations were associated with populist attitudes, but only in the case of anti-elite attitudes in such a way that increased expectations collide with negative media evaluations. For anti-outgroup attitudes, instead, the analyses show a generally negative assessment of journalistic media, both in terms of expectations and evaluations. Media use does only play a minor role.

scholarly journals News Media Performance Evaluated by National Audiences: How Media Environments and User Preferences Matter

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desiree Steppat ◽  
Laia Castro Herrero ◽  
Frank Esser
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
Traditional Media ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Performance ◽  
Media Environments ◽  
Media Choices

Media fragmentation and polarization have contributed to blurring the lines between professional and non-professional journalism. Internationally, more fragmented-polarized media environments are often associated with the emergence of non-professional news providers, the weakening of journalistic standards, and the segmentation of audiences along ideological leanings. Furthermore, these environments are home to partisan and alternative news media outlets, some of which try to actively undermine the credibility of traditional mainstream media in their reporting. By following an audience-centric approach, this study investigates the consequences of more fragmented-polarized media environments and consumption habits on users’ perceptions of news media performance. We use online-survey data from five countries that differ in the extent of fragmentation and polarization in the media environment (CH = 1,859, DK = 2,667, IT = 2,121, PL = 2,536, US = 3,493). We find that perceptions of high news media performance are more likely to be expressed by citizens from less fragmented-polarized media environments. Positive perceptions of news media performance are also stronger among users of traditional media, and those who inform themselves in a more attitude-congruent manner. By contrast, citizens from more fragmented-polarized media environments and users of alternative news media tend to express less satisfaction with news media performance. Based on these results, we argue that perceptions of news media performance among news users are shaped by their individual media choices as well as by the composition of the news media environments that surrounds them.

Media Use during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Pathogenic or salutogenic? (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjolaine Rivest-Beauregard ◽  
Justine Fortin ◽  
Connie Guo ◽  
Sabrina Cipolletta ◽  
Ram Sapkota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Related Information ◽  
The Media ◽  
Support Seeking ◽  
Peritraumatic Distress

BACKGROUND While exposure to COVID-related stressors, level of peritraumatic distress, and frequency of media use for seeking COVID-related information can increase the risk for trauma- and stressor-related (TSR) symptoms during the pandemic, frequency of social media use for support and connection may buffer these effects. OBJECTIVE We examined the associations between COVID-related stressors and frequency of media use for information-seeking on TSR symptoms, with a focus on the indirect effects of social media use for support-seeking and peritraumatic distress. METHODS A path model was tested in an international sample of 5 913 adults who completed an online survey. RESULTS COVID-related stressors (β = .25, p <.05) and information-seeking through media (β = .24, p <.05) were significantly associated with TSR symptoms in bivariate comparisons. Levels of peritraumatic distress and frequency of social media use for support were significant intermediary variables (respectively, β=0.71, p<.05; β=.02, p<.05). CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that exposure to COVID-related stressors and seeking COVID-related information through the media are associated with higher levels of peritraumatic distress and, in turn, higher levels of TSR symptoms. Although exposure to the stress of the COVID-19 pandemic may be unavoidable, the frequency consuming COVID-related information through the media should be approached with caution. CLINICALTRIAL NA

scholarly journals News Media Use and Political Attitudes of the University Students of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol V (III) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Irem Sultana ◽  
Ifra Iftikhar ◽  
Farrukh Shahbaz Warraich
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
News Media ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Political News ◽  
The Media ◽  
Perception Of Politics ◽  
The University ◽  
To Receive

This study examines the relationship between university students' news media use and the perception of politics and their attitude towards political involvement. Data was gathered from an online survey from 300 students enrolled in various universities in Lahore. The survey of the university students revealed that students tend to receive their political news and information passively from Facebook and Television. They are not likely to actively engage in seeking out political information by reading newspapers, magazines or websites. Facebook seems to be the most favored source of information among students. All the students irrespective of their background and academic disciplines tend to consume media more or less in the same way. It is concluded that the involvement of young students in politics is tied to their perception which is cultivated by the media.

scholarly journals Az okostelefon- és közösségimédia-használat néhány sajátossága egy fiatalok körében végzett online felmérés alapján

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Bettina Pikó ◽  
Hedvig Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Young People ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Smart Device ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media ◽  
Smartphone Use

A média és az információs technológia egyre fontosabb szerepet játszik az életünkben, különösképpen a fiatal generációk számára vált nélkülözhetetlenné a kommunikáció, a tanulás és a kapcsolattartás terén. Az előnyök mellett azonban számos probléma is felmerül, többek között a túlzott használat következtében jelentkező függőség. Bár az internet-, az okostelefon- és a közösségimédia-használat és –függőség között vannak átfedések, érdemes külön is megvizsgálni ezek sajátosságait. Jelen tanulmányban ezért az okostelefon-függőség és -használat mellett megnéztük, hogyan függ össze ez a jelenség a közösségimédia-használattal és annak jellemzőivel. Online felmérésünkben 14 és 30 év közötti fiatalok szerepeltek (N = 244 fő; 66% lány, átlagéletkoruk 23,1 év, szórás 3,4). Eredményeink szerint az okostelefon- és közösségimédia-függőségre leginkább a használat időtartama hajlamosít, főként az okoseszköz kényelmessége, könnyű elérhetősége, szórakoztató jellege miatt. Az okostelefonok használata szinte univerzális, bár bizonyos alkalmazásokat a lányok (például Pinterest) kedvelnek, míg a játékokat a fiúk. A korral a használat és a függőség is csökken. --- Several characteristics of smartphone and the social network use based on an online survey among young people The media and information technology play an increasingly important role in our lives, they have become necessary, particularly for young people in the fields of communication, education and connections. However, alongside the advantages a number of problems have also started to emerge, one being addiction due to excessive use. Although there are overlaps among internet, smartphone, and social media use and addictions, it is worth examining their characteristics separately. The present study focused on smartphone use and addiction, and we also detected how these might interact with social media use and their features. In this online survey participants were young people aged between 14 and 30 years (N = 244; 66 per cent females, mean age = 23.1 years, S.D. = 3.4). Our results suggest that the time period itself is accountable for smartphone and social media addictions especially due to the convenience, and easy-to-reach and entertaining nature of the smart device. The smartphone use is universal, although some applications are preferred more by girls (e.g., Pinterest) or boys (online games). Both use and addiction tend to decrease with age. Keywords: smartphone, social media, youth, behavioural addictions

scholarly journals The origins of media trust in a young democracy

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-84
Author(s):  
Čedomir Markov ◽  
Young Min
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
Online News ◽  
Performance Factors ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Trust ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Relevant Factors

Declining trust in news media has often been recognized as one of the major challenges facing modern journalism with potentially detrimental consequences for democratic processes. In this article, we examine the predictive potential of cultural-political and performance factors on public trust in news media in the context of a young democracy. Specifically, we have analyzed to what extent citizens’ populist attitudes and perceptions of journalistic roles relate to the levels of media trust using data from an online survey of Serbian respondents (N = 200). The findings showed that support for populism did not significantly predict trust in news media in general after controlling for relevant factors, most importantly political trust. However, populist attitudes were found to be related to the amount of trust citizens have in distinct types of news media –i.e., those who support populism exhibited less trust in public broadcasters than in online news outlets. The analyses also revealed that the more Serbian citizens perceived news media as being successful at performing interpretive and mobilizing roles, the more trust they placed in the media.

scholarly journals One Concept, Many Opinions: How Scientists in Germany Think About the Concept of Bioeconomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 4253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priefer ◽  
Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Ecological Approach ◽  
The Political ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Insight Into

The official bioeconomy strategies in Europe and Germany pursue a technology-based implementation pathway and stipulate a wide range of objectives to be achieved with a bio-based economy. Reviews of the scientific and societal debate have shown that the technology fix meets criticism and that there is a controversial discussion about possible ways to shape the transition process. Against this background, an online survey was carried out among scientists involved in a regional bioeconomy research program in southern Germany in order to gain insight into their understanding of a bioeconomy. Moreover, the survey provides information about cooperation and major challenges in the future development of three biomass utilization pathways: biogas, lignocellulose, and microalgae. The analysis showed that a resource-oriented understanding of a bioeconomy is favored. The political objectives for a European bioeconomy are widely accepted, and it is expected that ongoing research can significantly contribute to achieving these goals. The two different pathways for shaping the bioeconomy that are discussed in the debate—the technology-based approach and the socio-ecological approach—are considered compatible rather than contrary. Up to now, scientific cooperation has prevailed, while cooperation with societal stakeholders and end-users has played a minor role.

scholarly journals Exploring the impacts of media use and media trust on health behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic in China

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910532199596
Author(s):  
Yi Wu ◽  
Fei Shen
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Local Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Trust ◽  
Quota Sampling ◽  
Effects Of Media

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of traditional media, social media, and media trust on people’s compliance with health behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. A total of 3000 Chinese adults filled online questionnaire using quota sampling method. Results show that use of central government media and use of WeChat are positively related to compliance with health behaviors, while use of local media and use of Weibo are negatively related to the levels of compliance. In addition, trust in the media amplified the effects of media use on levels of compliance.

The Effect of Path Length and Display Size on Memory for Spatial Information

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Guérard ◽  
Sébastien Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Path Length ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Recall Performance ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Length Effect ◽  
Serial Memory ◽  
Fixed Reference ◽  
A Minor

In serial memory for spatial information, some studies showed that recall performance suffers when the distance between successive locations increases relatively to the size of the display in which they are presented (the path length effect; e.g., Parmentier et al., 2005) but not when distance is increased by enlarging the size of the display (e.g., Smyth & Scholey, 1994). In the present study, we examined the effect of varying the absolute and relative distance between to-be-remembered items on memory for spatial information. We manipulated path length using small (15″) and large (64″) screens within the same design. In two experiments, we showed that distance was disruptive mainly when it is varied relatively to a fixed reference frame, though increasing the size of the display also had a small deleterious effect on recall. The insertion of a retention interval did not influence these effects, suggesting that rehearsal plays a minor role in mediating the effects of distance on serial spatial memory. We discuss the potential role of perceptual organization in light of the pattern of results.

Use of Different Tissue Thromboplastins in the Control of Anticoagulant-Therapy

1958 ◽  
Vol 02 (05/06) ◽  
pp. 462-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Verstraete ◽  
Patricia A. Clark ◽  
Irving S. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Prothrombin Time ◽  
Anticoagulant Therapy ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Rabbit Brain ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Rabbit Lung ◽  
Coagulation Mechanism ◽  
Time Test ◽  
The One ◽  
A Minor

SummaryAn analysis of the results of prothrombin time tests with different types of thromboplastins sheds some light on the problem why the administration of coumarin is difficult to standardize in different centers. Our present ideas on the subject, based on experimental data may be summarized as follows.Several factors of the clotting mechanism are influenced by coumarin derivatives. The action of some of these factors is by-passed in the 1-stage prothrombin time test. The decrease of the prothrombin and factor VII levels may be evaluated in the 1-stage prothrombin time determination (Quick-test). The prolongation of the prothrombin times are, however, predominantly due to the decrease of factor VII activity, the prothrombin content remaining around 50 per cent of normal during an adequate anticoagulant therapy. It is unlikely that this degree of depression of prothrombin is of major significance in interfering with the coagulation mechanism in the protection against thromboembolism. It may, however, play a minor role, which has yet to be evaluated quantitatively. An exact evaluation of factor VII is, therefore, important for the guidance of anticoagulant therapy and the method of choice is the one which is most sensitive to changes in factor VII concentration. The 1-stage prothrombin time test with a rabbit lung thromboplastin seems the most suitable method because rabbit brain preparations exhibit a factor VII-like activity that is not present in rabbit lung preparations.

Produktivkraft als Versprechen

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (185) ◽  
pp. 621-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Siefkes
Keyword(s):  
Private Consumption ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Progressive Reduction ◽  
Internal Forces ◽  
A Minor

The ‘Fragment on Machines’ from Marx’s Grundrisse is often cited as an argument that the internal forces of capitalism will lead to its doom. But the argument that the progressive reduction of labor must doom capitalism lacks a proper foundation, as a comparison with the ‘Schemes of Reproduction’ given in Capital II shows. The latter, however, aren’t fully convincing either. In reality, more depends on the private consumption of capitalists than either model recognizes. Ultimately, most can be made of the ‘Fragment on Machines’ by reading it not as an exposure of capitalism’s internal contractions, but as a discussion of a possible communist future where labor (or work) will play but a minor role.

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