scholarly journals Population status and conservation of an extremely small population species Euryodendron excelsum

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 1236-1246
Author(s):  
Xue-Ying WEI ◽  
Yu-Shi YE ◽  
Xi-Po LIN ◽  
Yu-Wen CUI ◽  
Fei-Yan ZENG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Population ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Euryodendron Excelsum

scholarly journals Population Status and Distribution of Himalayan Brown Bear (Ursus arctos isabellinus) in Musk Deer National Park Neelum, Azad Jammu and Kashmir (Pakistan)

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-164
Author(s):  
Usman Ali ◽  
Naeem Iftikhar ◽  
Nuzhat Shafi ◽  
Khawaja Basharat Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Siddique Awan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Brown Bear ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Musk Deer ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Maximum Information ◽  
Potential Habitat ◽  
Extreme North

The Himalayan brown bear (Ursus arctos isabellinus) is considered as .Endangered. in Pakistan. However, a small population of this species still exists in northern Pakistan including Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK). A study was conducted to determine population status and distribution of Himalayan brown bear in Musk Deer National Park (MDNP), from April 2011 to September 2012. MDNP, covering an area of 528.16 km2, is situated in the extreme north of AJ&K (upper Neelum Valley) about 155 km away from Muzaffarabad. Study area was divided into three zones (Phulawai, Sardari and Loser) and searched for brown bear signs and evidences. A total of 17 transect surveys were carried out to collect the data on current population status and distribution of Himalayan brown bear in the study area. In addition, questionnaires based surveys were carried out in the area to gather maximum information about this species. Based on direct and indirect signs collected, a total population of about 12 individuals with a population density of 0.42 bear/km2 was estimated in the MDNP with maximum (0.45 bear/km2) in Loser and minimum (0.37 bear/km2) in Phulawai zone. Altitudinal preference was recorded highest (0.46 bear/km2) at the elevation level of >3000 m asl. For the proper management and conservation of Himalayan brown bear, more comprehensive study should be carried out throughout its potential habitat.  

scholarly journals Population status of jaguars (Panthera onca) and pumas (Puma concolor) in northeastern Sonora, Mexico

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Octavio C. Rosas-Rosas ◽  
Louis C. Bender
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Individual Identification ◽  
Population Status ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Minimum Numbers

Jaguars are endangered in Mexico and the United States, necessitating careful monitoring of population status. We determined minimum numbers of jaguars and sympatric pumas in a small population in northern Sonora, Mexico, the nearest known breeding population to the United States, by photographic captures supplemented by idiosyncratic features of tracks from track surveys (1999-2005). We also developed a discriminant function to differentiate species (jaguar v. puma) and sexes within species, which also aided in individual identification. Photographic captures identified 5 individual jaguars; this estimate was increased to 12 using idiosyncratic features and discriminant analysis of tracks.Jaguar kittens were only detected by track surveys. All jaguars identified by photographs were previously detected by tracks, but most (7 of 12) known from tracks were not captured in photographs. Jaguar presence was fluid; we identified 6 individual jaguars from 1999-2003, but only 3 of these were still present in 2004. We documented 4 new individuals during 2005, when none of the previously identified jaguars were detected. Similarly, we identified 14 individual pumas by tracks, but only 11 of these were captured in photographs. Four hindfoot measurements varied among species and sexes of jaguars and pumas, and these measurements were able to correctly classify 85-97% of tracks to the correct species and sex. Due to the high turnover of this jaguar population, which is at its fringe of the jaguar range in North America, we recommend constant monitoring of population status with camera traps and track surveys. If only limited resources are available, we recommend monitoring only with track surveys because they detected a greater number of individuals and all age classes of individuals. 

Population size and artificial waterhole use by striped hyenas in the Dana Biosphere Reserve, Jordan

Mammalia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Attum ◽  
Dasynda Rosenbarger ◽  
Malik Al awaji ◽  
Andrew Kramer ◽  
Ehab Eid
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Visitation Rates ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Semi Arid

AbstractStriped hyenas have a widespread distribution in arid and semi-arid areas of Africa and Asia. However, very little is known about their population status or ecology. We used camera traps to estimate the population size and waterhole use patterns of striped hyenas visiting artificial waterholes in the Dana Biosphere Reserve, Jordan. The population size of hyenas at waterholes was estimated, using capture-recapture (identified from unique stripe patterns) method, to be nine animals in 2010 and 10 animals in 2012. Waterhole visits occurred almost entirely at night, with monthly visitation rates increasing in the hotter summer months and as the duration from the last rainfall increased. In conclusion, our results suggest that the Dana Biosphere Reserve provides safe drinking opportunities for a small population of striped hyenas and the use of these permanent artificial waterholes increases in the late summer months.

scholarly journals Population status and distribution of Taita White-eye Zosterops silvanus in the fragmented forests of Taita Hills and Mount Kasigau, Kenya

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald K Mulwa ◽  
Leon A Bennun ◽  
Callistus K. P. O. Ogol ◽  
Luc Lens
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Conservation Action ◽  
Taita Hills ◽  
Line Transects ◽  
Indigenous Trees ◽  
Fragmented Forests ◽  
Dry Woodland

AbstractOur study focused on the Taita White-eye Zosterops silvanus, one of three bird species endemic to the Taita Hill forests, south-east Kenya. Formerly considered Critically Endangered, Taita White-eye has been down-listed to Endangered following the findings of this study. Between November 1998 and September 1999 we counted this species along line transects to establish their current population status and distribution in its entire range. White-eye censuses were conducted in nine forest fragments of the Taita Hills and the virtually undisturbed Mt Kasigau forest. The total global population of Taita White-eyes was estimated to be c. 7,100 birds. Mt Kasigau was shown to be the species' main stronghold, maintaining a very high density (26 birds ha−1) and holding 80% (5,600 individuals) of the entire population. In the Taita Hills forests, densities were consistently higher in the small isolated fragments than in the large ones, though the former held only a small population (3% of total). At Mt Sagala, a large isolated block where indigenous trees have been largely replaced with exotic plantation, this species was not encountered. We found no evidence of interchange between the White-eye populations on Mt Kasigau and the Taita Hills forests, probably because of the separation by a low-altitude, dry woodland habitat barrier. While prioritization for conservation action should focus more on the Taita Hills forest fragments, Mt Kasigau should be treated as fragile ecosystem which holds a huge, apparently insular population of Taita White-eyes.

Surgical Case

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Hameed Al-Badri
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Delay ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Negative Appendectomy ◽  
Time Cost ◽  
Voluntary Cough ◽  
Suspected Appendicitis ◽  
Sharp Pain ◽  
Clinical Syndromes ◽  
Negative Appendectomy Rate ◽  
Classical Symptom

Appendicitis is a common and urgentsurgical illness with protean manifestations,generous overlap with other clinical syndromes,and significant morbidity,whichincreases with diagnostic delay. No single sign,symptom,or diagnostic test accurately confirms the diagnosis ofappendiceal inflammation in all cases. The surgeon's goals are to evaluate a relatively small population of patients referred for suspected appendicitis and to minimize the negative appendectomy rate without increasing the incidence of perforation. The emergency department clinician must evaluate the larger group of patients who present to the ED with abdominal pain of all etiologies with the goal of approaching 100% sensitivity for the diagnosis in a time-,cost-,and consultation-efficient manner.IN 1886Reginald fitz, pathologist 1st described the clinical condition of A.A.Fewyears laterCharles mcBurney describe the clinical finding ofA.A.55% of patients presented with classical symptom of A.A so complication occurbecauseof atypical presentation which due to variation in app. Position, age of patient & degree of inflammation.Migrating pain 80% sensitive and specific Vomiting 50% Nausea60 -90 %Anorexia 75 % Diarrhea18 % 32 % has similar attach 90 % RLQ tenderness Marklesign 74 %Dunphy's sign (sharp pain in the RLQ elicited by a voluntary cough) may be helpful in making the clinical diagnosis of localized peritonitis. Similarly,RLQ pain in response to percussion of a remote quadrant of the abdomen,or to firm percussion of the patient's heel,suggests peritoneal Inflammation

Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Anti-Cancer Therapies

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 482-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Kostadinova ◽  
Milena Mourdjeva
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Blocking Mechanisms

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are localized throughout the adult body as a small population in the stroma of the tissue concerned. In injury, tissue damage, or tumor formation, they are activated and leave their niche to migrate to the site of injury, where they release a plethora of growth factors, cytokines, and other bioactive molecules. With the accumulation of data about the interaction between MSCs and tumor cells, the dualistic role of MSCs remains unclear. However, a large number of studies have demonstrated the natural anti-tumor properties inherent in MSCs, so this is the basis for intensive research for new methods using MSCs as a tool to suppress cancer cell development. This review focuses specifically on advanced approaches in modifying MSCs to become a powerful, precision- targeted tool for killing cancer cells, but not normal healthy cells. Suppression of tumor growth by MSCs can be accomplished by inducing apoptosis or cell cycle arrest, suppressing tumor angiogenesis, or blocking mechanisms mediating metastasis. In addition, the chemosensitivity of cancer cells may be increased so that the dose of the chemotherapeutic agent used could be significantly reduced.

The Grass is Always Greener on the Other Side of the Fence: Making a Transition from Student Affairs Administrator to Full-Time Faculty

NASPA Journal ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phyllis McCluskey-Titus ◽  
Tony W. Cawthon
Keyword(s):  
Student Affairs ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Personnel Preparation ◽  
Administrative Positions ◽  
Faculty Position ◽  
Student Affairs Practitioners ◽  
Graduate Preparation ◽  
Student Personnel ◽  
Time Faculty

A research study was conducted using the small population of current graduate preparation faculty who were both NASPA members and former student affairs practitioners (n=38). The purpose of this study was to discover the benefits and challenges faced by practitioners when moving from an administrative position to a full-time faculty position in a student personnel preparation program. The following subjects were considered in this study: factors respondents considered when moving to a full-time faculty position, challenges respondents encountered in making the career change, differences between former administrative positions and current faculty positions, and type of preparation respondents reported were necessary for success in a faculty role. Some of the positive differences respondents described included: control over their quality of life, the ability to focus on teaching and research, and the ability to contribute to the profession. Certain challenges were recounted by respondents such as adjusting to the faculty culture and work expectations, development of a research agenda, having fewer resources as a full-time faculty member, and a difference in quality and nature of relationships.

The Politics of Distance Edcucation

Public Voices ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Mark Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Distance Education ◽  
Interactive Television ◽  
Small Population ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Instructional Software ◽  
College Level ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Political Perceptions ◽  
Fiscal Efficiency

"Distance education" at the college level is well over a century old.  It has served the needs of a numerically large, but proportionately small population of learners who have eschewed the campus classroom.  These correspondence school enrollees, educational TV watchers, and audiocassette listeners have had only modest impact on the structure, mission, and strategy of the institutions serving them.  But that is now changing, and changing very dramatically.  The advent of the Internet, interactive television technology, and web-based instructional software, coupled with administrative and political perceptions of educational reformation and fiscal efficiency, may be causing nothing less than a revolution in higher education.  By applying a feminist model of assessment called "unthinking technology," that is to say, exploring the potential, but unthought of socio-political aspects of this technological revolution, this paper raises significant questions about the security of the traditional academic enterprise.  "The Politics of Distance Education" urges a pro-active embrace of these technologies by the academy in order to enable a legitimate "competency for grievance" so that the protection of the validity of higher education, and legitimacy of the academic profession can be ethically defended and publicly respected, rather than being viewed as mulish resistance to the inevitable.

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