Stay alert: probability of African Swine Fever introduction from Eastern Asia is almost as high as from Eastern Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 164 (10) ◽  
pp. 651-659
Author(s):  
B. Friker ◽  
G. Schüpbach
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Eastern Asia

New and noteworthy lichen-forming and lichenicolous fungi 10

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 69-108
Author(s):  
S. Y. Kondratyuk ◽  
D. K. Upreti ◽  
G. K. Mishra ◽  
S. Nayaka ◽  
K. K. Ingle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
South Asia ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
Mediterranean Europe ◽  
First Time ◽  
India And China

Eight species, new for science, i.e.: Lobothallia gangwondoana S. Y. Kondr., J.-J. Woo et J.-S. Hur and Phyllopsora dodongensis S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur from South Korea, Eastern Asia, Ioplaca rinodinoides S. Y. Kondr., K. K. Ingle, D. K. Upreti et S. Nayaka, Letrouitia assamana S. Y. Kondr., G. K. Mishra et D. K. Upreti, and Rusavskia indochinensis S. Y. Kondr., D. K. Upreti et S. Nayaka from India and China, South Asia, Caloplaca orloviana S. Y. Kondr. and Rusavskia drevlyanica S. Y. Kondr. et O. O. Orlov from Ukraine, Eastern Europe, as well as Xanthoria ibizaensis S. Y. Kondr. et A. S. Kondr. from Ibiza Island, Spain, Mediterranean Europe, are described, illustrated and compared with closely related taxa. Fominiella tenerifensis S. Y. Kondr., Kärnefelt, A. Thell et Feuerer is for the first time recorded from Mediterranean Europe, Huriella loekoesiana S. Y. Kondr. et Upreti is provided from Russia for the first time, and H. pohangensis S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur for the first time from China, Phoma candelariellae Z. Kocakaya et Halıcı is new to Ukraine, and Staurothele frustulenta Vain. is recorded from the Forest Zone of Ukraine for the first time. Twelve new combinations, i.e.: Bryostigma apotheciorum (for Sphaeria apotheciorum A. Massal.), Bryostigma biatoricola (for Arthonia biatoricola Ihlen et Owe-Larss.), Bryostigma dokdoense (for Arthonia dokdoensis S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös, B. G. Lee, J.-J. Woo et J.-S. Hur), Bryostigma epiphyscium (for Arthonia epiphyscia Nyl.), Bryostigma lobariellae (for Arthonia lobariellae Etayo), Bryostigma lapidicola (for Lecidea lapidicola Taylor), Bryostigma molendoi (for Tichothecium molendoi Heufl. ex Arnold), Bryostigma neglectulum (for Arthonia neglectula Nyl.), Bryostigma parietinarium (for Arthonia parietinaria Hafellner et Fleischhacker), Bryostigma peltigerinum (for Arthonia vagans var. peltigerina Almq.), Bryostigma phaeophysciae (for Arthonia phaeophysciae Grube et Matzer), Bryostigma stereocaulinum (for Arthonia nephromiaria var. stereocaulina Ohlert), are proposed based on results of combined phylogenetic analysis based on mtSSU and RPB2 gene sequences. Thirty-one new combinations for members of the genus Polyozosia (i.e.: Polyozosia actophila (for Lecanora actophila Wedd.), Polyozosia agardhiana (for Lecanora agardhiana Ach.), Polyozosia altunica (for Myriolecis altunica R. Mamut et A. Abbas), Polyozosia antiqua (for Lecanora antiqua J. R. Laundon), Polyozosia bandolensis (for Lecanora bandolensis B. de Lesd.), Polyozosia behringii (for Lecanora behringii Nyl.), Polyozosia caesioalutacea (for Lecanora caesioalutacea H. Magn.), Polyozosia carlottiana (for Lecanora carlottiana C. J. Lewis et Śliwa), Polyozosia congesta (for Lecanora congesta Clauzade et Vězda), Polyozosia eurycarpa (for Lecanora eurycarpa Poelt, Leuckert et Cl. Roux), Polyozosia expectans (Lecanora expectans Darb.), Polyozosia flowersiana (Lecanora flowersiana H. Magn.), Polyozosia fugiens (for Lecanora fugiens Nyl.), Polyozosia invadens (for Lecanora invadens H. Magn.), Polyozosia juniperina (for Lecanora juniperina Śliwa), Polyozosia latzelii (for Lecanora latzelii Zahlbr.), Polyozosia liguriensis (for Lecanora liguriensis B. de Lesd.), Polyozosia massei (for Myriolecis massei M. Bertrand et J.-Y. Monnat), Polyozosia mons-nivis (for Lecanora mons-nivis Darb.), Polyozosia oyensis (for Lecanora oyensis M.-P. Bertrand et Cl. Roux), Polyozosia percrenata (for Lecanora percrenata H. Magn.), Polyozosia persimilis (for Lecanora hagenii subsp. persimilis Th. Fr.), Polyozosia poeltiana (for Lecanora poeltiana Clauzade et Cl. Roux), Polyozosia prominens (for Lecanora prominens Clauzade et Vězda), Polyozosia prophetae-eliae (for Lecanora prophetae-eliae Sipman), Polyozosia salina (for Lecanora salina H. Magn.), Polyozosia schofieldii (for Lecanora schofieldii Brodo), Polyozosia sverdrupiana (for Lecanora sverdrupiana Øvstedal), Polyozosia torrida (for Lecanora torrida Vain.), Polyozosia wetmorei (for Lecanora wetmorei Śliwa), Polyozosia zosterae (for Lecanora subfusca? zosterae Ach.)) are proposed.

African swine fever in eastern Europe: the risk to the UK

2017 ◽  
Vol 181 (10) ◽  
pp. 261-262 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Disease Monitoring ◽  
The Uk

This article has been prepared by Helen Roberts of the Defra/APHA International Disease Monitoring team

scholarly journals African Swine Fever Status in Europe

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Przemyslaw Cwynar ◽  
Jane Stojkov ◽  
Klaudia Wlazlak
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Wild Boar ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Wild Boar Population ◽  
Domestic Pig ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Virus Spreading

African Swine Fever (ASF) is a highly contagious disease that affects the domestic pig and wild boar population. The aim of this study was to describe the introduction and spread of the ASF virus in Western Europe (1960–1995) and in Eastern Europe (2007–2018), with particular emphasis on the current ASF situation in Poland and its challenges and future perspectives. The first ASF outbreak in Europe was reported in Portugal in 1957, with the virus spreading over most of Western Europe over the next 30 years. In Eastern Europe, the virus was first observed in Georgia in 2007, from where the disease spread quickly to other neighboring countries, reaching Poland in 2014. Since then, there have been 3341 confirmed cases in the wild boar population in Poland. Although there have been no confirmed cases of wild boars coming into contact with domestic pigs, the first notified case concerning domestic pigs was reported in July 2014. Since then, there have been a total of 213 confirmed outbreaks of ASF on Polish pig farms. Given the virulence of the ASF virus and the myriad of transmission routes across Europe, the monitoring of this disease must be a priority for Europe.

The Neolithic Age in Northern China

Antiquity ◽  
1933 ◽  
Vol 7 (28) ◽  
pp. 389-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Whiting Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Yellow Sea ◽  
Northern China ◽  
The Yellow Sea ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
Neolithic Age ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
The Neolithic Age

Northern China forms an integral part of the north temperate zone of the Old World. It is, moreover, connected with western Asia and eastern Europe by a long but continuous belt of steppe presenting no transverse barriers to migration, whether faunal or human. It cannot, therefore, be treated as a region apart, save in a very limited and subordinate sense.The surface consists in the main of mountains in the west and of plains in the east. Over much of it lie thick deposits of loess, extending from Chinese Turkistan right across eastern Asia, nearly to the Yellow Sea. These great accumulations of wind-borne soil were most probably formed during times roughly contemporary with the Riss-Wurm glaciation of Europe.

scholarly journals With or without a Vaccine—A Review of Complementary and Alternative Approaches to Managing African Swine Fever in Resource-Constrained Smallholder Settings

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Mary-Louise Penrith ◽  
Armanda Bastos ◽  
Erika Chenais
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Wild Boar ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Domestic Pig ◽  
Innate Resistance ◽  
Pig Farming ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
Free Ranging

The spectacular recent spread of African swine fever (ASF) in Eastern Europe and Asia has been strongly associated, as it is in the endemic areas in Africa, with free-ranging pig populations and low-biosecurity backyard pig farming. Managing the disease in wild boar populations and in circumstances where the disease in domestic pigs is largely driven by poverty is particularly challenging and may remain so even in the presence of effective vaccines. The only option currently available to prevent ASF is strict biosecurity. Among small-scale pig farmers biosecurity measures are often considered unaffordable or impossible to implement. However, as outbreaks of ASF are also unaffordable, the adoption of basic biosecurity measures is imperative to achieve control and prevent losses. Biosecurity measures can be adapted to fit smallholder contexts, culture and costs. A longer-term approach that could prove valuable particularly for free-ranging pig populations would be exploitation of innate resistance to the virus, which is fully effective in wild African suids and has been observed in some domestic pig populations in areas of prolonged endemicity. We explore available options for preventing ASF in terms of feasibility, practicality and affordability among domestic pig populations that are at greatest risk of exposure to ASF.

scholarly journals Unraveling the Armor of a Killer: Evasion of Host Defenses by African Swine Fever Virus

2016 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Luisa Reis ◽  
Chris Netherton ◽  
Linda K. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Host Defense ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Host Defenses ◽  
Dna Virus ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Russian Federation

ABSTRACT African swine fever is an acute hemorrhagic disease of pigs. Extensive recent spread in the Russian Federation and Eastern Europe has increased the risk to global pig production. The virus is a large DNA virus and is the only member of the Asfarviridae family. In pigs, the virus replicates predominantly in macrophages. We review how the virus overcomes the barriers to replication in the macrophage and the virus mechanism to inhibit key host defense pathways.

Disease surveillance in England and Wales, August 2017

2017 ◽  
Vol 181 (10) ◽  
pp. 257-260 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Plant Health ◽  
List Type ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Surveillance Report ◽  
Emerging Issues ◽  
The Uk

Current and emerging issues: psoroptic mange in cattleHighlights from the scanning surveillance networkUpdate on international disease threatsAfrican swine fever in eastern Europe and the risk to the UKThese are among matters discussed in the Animal and Plant Health Agency’s (APHA’s) disease surveillance report for August 2017

A 12-Month Prospective, Observational Study of Treatment Regimen and Quality of Life Associated With ADHD in Central and Eastern Europe and Eastern Asia

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Goetz ◽  
Chin-Bin Yeh ◽  
Igor Ondrejka ◽  
Aynur Akay ◽  
Ilona Herczeg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Treatment Regimen ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Difference

Objectives: This prospective, observational, non-randomized study aimed to describe the relationship between treatment regimen prescribed and the quality of life (QoL) of ADHD patients in countries of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and Eastern Asia over 12 months. Methods: 977 Male and female patients aged 6-17 years seeking treatment for symptoms of ADHD were assessed using the Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory-4 Parent Checklists, and the Clinical Global Impressions-ADHD-Severity scale. QoL was assessed using the Child Health and Illness Profile-Child Edition parent report form. Patients were grouped according to whether they were prescribed psycho- and/or pharmacotherapy (treatment) or not (no/‘other’ treatment). Results: No statistically significant differences were observed between cohorts (treatment vs. no/‘other’ treatment) in terms of change in QoL, although there was improvement over 12 months, with a greater improvement experienced by patients in the treatment cohort in both study regions (CEE and Eastern Asia). Psychoeducation/counselling and methylphenidate were the predominant ADHD treatments prescribed. Conclusions: Although both treatment and no/‘other’ treatment cohorts showed improvements in mean QoL over 12 months, the difference was small and not statistically significant. A major limitation was the higher than anticipated number of patients switching treatments, predominantly from the no/‘other’ treatment cohort.

scholarly journals Silver nanoparticles in disinfection

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (04) ◽  
pp. 6521-2021
Author(s):  
ZYGMUNT PEJSAK ◽  
KAZIMIERZ TARASIUK
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Swine Production ◽  
Oxygen Generation ◽  
Photo Catalysis ◽  
Swine Population

Infectious diseases, now especially African swine fever (ASF), represent a major challenge for swine production in Central and Eastern Europe. In the absence of other methods, biosecurity plays the most important role in control of infectious diseases in swine population. Among biosecurity methods, disinfection proved to be one of the most effective and economically viable tools. Nanotechnology is an important, rapidly evolving multidisciplinary field. Achievements of nanotechnology are being used in many areas of science, such as biology, chemistry, physics, etc. Nanoproducts have been widely adopted for practical use in everyday life. For example, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), thanks to their intrinsic antipathogenic properties and their ability to inactivate bacteria, viruses and fungi either photothermally or by photo catalysis (induced reactive oxygen generation), can offer methods alternative to classical disinfection protocols. It has been proved, both under laboratory conditions and in field veterinary practice, that AgNPs are very useful and efficient as a disinfectant of farm facilities.

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