scholarly journals Optimisation of forest road network under principles of functionally integrated forest management

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 439-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Hrůza

A traditional approach to problems of the opening-up of forests has been based primarily on technical and economic aspects. It results particularly from the ground configuration and calculations of minimum costs for logging and transport operations. Optimum density of main forest roads is determined by a minimum value of the summary curve of costs of forest road construction and timber skidding. A new conception from the aspect of integrated forest management taking into account forest functions is based on a standard approach when technical and economic aspects are complemented by the particular functions of the forest. Thus, the technical and economic approach is changed to a technical-economic-environmental conception that will contribute to a reduction in negative effects of the construction of forest road network on the environment.

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 243-247
Author(s):  
M. Kašková

The basic condition of forest management development is the accessibility of the forest. A design of the forest road network in relation to all-society functions of forests has been made in the catchment of the Vilčok stream. The catchment is situated in Protected Landscape Area Beskydy. The method Quantification and quantitative evaluation of functions of forests as a basis for their evaluation (Vyskot et al. 2003) was used for the design. This method can be applied to road planning. It can serve as another component in the decision-making process of the planning of forest road construction.


2015 ◽  
pp. 141-148
Author(s):  
Zdravko Trajanov ◽  
Ljupcho Nestorovski ◽  
Pande Trajkov

This paper determines the historical development of infrastructure in the forest, streaming the development of the forest road network as a dominant element of infrastructure. The paper also covers the current condition with the openness of forests in Republic of Macedonia. On the basis of scientific research, the results from the optimal density of forest roads are determined. The paper also covers the period for which it is expected to achieve the goals of optimization which is the most efficient forest management without significantly affecting the ecological functions of the forest.


Author(s):  
Seyed Ataollah Hosseini ◽  
Mohammad Reza Mazrae ◽  
Majid Lotfalian ◽  
Aidin Parsakhoo

Planning of forest road network is the most important issue for sustainable management of northern forests in Iran. This study represented a technical method of forest road planning by using GIS (Geographic Information Systems) in Vatan forestry plan of Golestan province, Iran. The aim of this study was to find out options for the optimization of skid trail length and for decreasing the negative effects of redundant skid trail length. Results of this study showed that the total length of forest road and the road network density was 36745 m and 8.68 m ha−1, respectively. 54% of the area was covered by these roads. 98.06 km skid trail was planned from road verge into the forest interior. The density of this skidding trail was 23.17 m ha−1. The suggested road network length measured using GIS was 47.23 km. Road density was 10.87 m ha−1, with 79% coverage. Skid trail length was 81.04 km, and skid trail density was 19.15 m ha−1. On the basis of GIS measurements, the skid trails on new road network system had shorter length and more frequency. This causes to decrease the cost of primary transportation. Moreover, in this plan the roads with suitable coverage passed from stable slopes. Santrauka Miško kelių tinklo planavimas – viena svarstomų problemų, siekiant užtikrinti tvarią miškotvarkos sistemą šiaurinėje Irano dalyje esančiuose miškuose. Šiame straipsnyje pristatomas miško kelių planavimo techninis metodas, taikant GIS (geografinės informacinės sistemos) programą ir naudojant Vatan miško, Golestan provincijoje, Irane, planus. Šio tyrimo tikslas – išsiaiškinti galimybes, kaip optimizuoti miško keliukų ilgį ir sumažinti neigiamą poveikį miškui, mažinant perteklinį šių keliukų trasos ilgį. Pirminiai rezultatai parodė, kad bendras esamų kelių ilgis siekia 36 745 km, kelių tinklas aprėpė 54% visos tiriamosios teritorijos, tankis siekė 8,68 m ha−1, o optimalus miško kelių tinklas buvo rengiamas pagal esamą 98,06 km ilgio miško keliukų tinklą, kurio tankis – 23,17 m ha−1. Bendras siūlomo kelių tinklo ilgis siekia 47,23 km, tankumas – 10,87 m ha−1, jis aprėpia 79% teritorijos. Miško keliukų ilgis – 81,04 km, tankumas – 19,15 m·ha−1. Remiantis GIS matavimais, naujo miško keliukų tinklo keliukai buvo trumpesni, tačiau jų tinklas tankesnis. Dėl šios priežasties mažėja pirminės transporto išlaidos ir sukuriama optimali miško keliukų aprėptis, pagerinamas prieinamumas. Резюме Планирование сети лесных дорог является одним из важнейших вопросов при создании упорядоченной системылесохозяйствования в северной части Ирана. В статье представлен технический метод планирования лесохозяйственной деятельности (прокладки дорог) с использованием ГИС и плана леса Ватан в провинции Гулистан Ирана. Целью исследования было выяснить возможности оптимизации длины лесных дорог и уменьшениянегативных последствий их избыточной длины. Результаты исследования показали, что общая протяженность существующих лесных дорог составляет 36 745 км, сеть дорог охватывает 54% всей исследованной территории,ее плотность – 8,68 м га−1. Оптимальная сеть лесных дорог создавалась на основании имеющейся сети лесных дорог, протяженность которой 98,06 км, плотность – 23,17 м гa−1. Протяженность предлагаемой сети дорог составит 47,23 км, плотность – 10,87 м гa−1, она охватит 79% территории. Длина лесных дорог составит 81,04 км, а плотность – 19,15 м·гa−1. На основании измерений, проведенных с использованием ГИС, длина дорог лесной сети стала короче, а сеть более густой. В связи с этим снижаются первичные затраты на транспорт, охват леснымидорогами становится более оптимальным, увеличивается доступность.


2020 ◽  
pp. 9-26
Author(s):  
Srdjan Drazic ◽  
Radovan Lucic ◽  
Milorad Danilovic ◽  
Dusan Stojnic

In most cases, the planning of funding for the construction of a forest truck road causes difficulty to planners. Although a forest management plan (FMP) indicates the number of roads to be built annually for the next development period with the average cost of construction, this information is quite general and based on experiential estimates. The aim of this paper is to determine the average cost of forest truck road construction in the Republic of Srpska, as well as to calculate the average costs of individual phases of operation. The obtained average cost of forest road construction, resulting from the analysis of 71 major projects in 11 forest areas encompassing 178 km of forest roads, is 32,490.87 ?/km. The obtained results point to the interesting fact that forest road construction is the most expensive in hilly areas with an altitude ranging between 200 and 500 m (34,298.28 ?/km), while it is the cheapest (30,922.88 ?/km) in medium mountainous areas, with altitudes between 1000 and 2000 m.


2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Erhan Çalışkan

Road between two known points and placing the various economic and environmental factors that require consideration is a highly complex engineering problems. Engineers, soil conservation and water resources, taking into account the total road construction, maintenance and handling cost is the lowest of the route is difficult to determine. Forest road construction and maintenance costs of raw wood is a significant proportion of the total cost of production. Of forest road network planning, forest villages transportation, production work, social needs, providing transportation to the recreation area, depending on the functional use of forests that are made according to the purpose. In this study, by using GIS and Roadeng Technology planning forest road network planning was make zero line, curve, longitudinal profiles, cross sections, such as the amount of excavation and filling all the planning criteria are determined. Roadeng of software for planning of forest roads; surveillance, compliance of the terrain and the location of the module were investigated. Look at the slope of the land and river maps with GIS software has been created.Roadeng numerical software made its way forest we have done with classical methods and technical processes are automatically offers more detailed and more quickly practitioners do on computers.


2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Erhan Çalışkan

Road between two known points and placing the various economic and environmental factors that require consideration is a highly complex engineering problems. Engineers, soil conservation and water resources, taking into account the total road construction, maintenance and handling cost is the lowest of the route is difficult to determine. Forest road construction and maintenance costs of raw wood is a significant proportion of the total cost of production. Of forest road network planning, forest villages transportation, production work, social needs, providing transportation to the recreation area, depending on the functional use of forests that are made according to the purpose. In this study, by using GIS and Roadeng Technology planning forest road network planning was make zero line, curve, longitudinal profiles, cross sections, such as the amount of excavation and filling all the planning criteria are determined. Roadeng of software for planning of forest roads; surveillance, compliance of the terrain and the location of the module were investigated. Look at the slope of the land and river maps with GIS software has been created.Roadeng numerical software made its way forest we have done with classical methods and technical processes are automatically offers more detailed and more quickly practitioners do on computers.


2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woodam Chung ◽  
Jürg Stückelberger ◽  
Kazuhiro Aruga ◽  
Terrance W. Cundy

Designing forest road networks in a large forest land is a challenging task because many feasible alternatives exist and need to be analyzed. To provide field managers with an analytical tool that can create and analyze alternative road networks, we have developed a road network optimization model. The model formulates a large network problem in which links represent two timber transportation options from evenly distributed timber locations: on-road transportation via new roads and off-road transportation using skidders. A heuristic network algorithm is employed to solve the network problem and identify cost-efficient road networks for timber harvesting under given cost parameters. To demonstrate our model, we applied it to a 4760 ha forest in the upper part of the Mica Creek watershed in Idaho owned by Potlatch Forest Holdings, Inc. The sensitivity analyses were conducted to verify the model’s performance under various cost and volume settings. The model-generated road network was compared with a road network proposed by experienced forest engineers in Potlatch. The sensitivity analyses confirm that the model appropriately responds to changes in input parameters. Comparisons between the model output and the manually designed road network indicate that the model tends to develop a tree-shape road network to evenly cover the entire management area.


2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 402-408
Author(s):  
Hosseini Seyed Ata Ollah ◽  
Gorgandipur Mohsen ◽  
Nikooy Mehrdad

Road is a necessity for attaining ideas, principles and management plan in a forestry unit (district). The forest road network design must be aimed at a multi-purpose use of roads such as landscaping and tourism activities. This study was performed in the Namkhaneh section of Kheyrud forest 10 km east of Noshahr (Hyrcanian forest). First, the map of factors affecting the road routing was provided including trees type, soil, aspect, slope, altitude, etc. using GIS and determined parts of lookout on a topographic map of the study area. Then a new variant was designed as the secondary road and turnoff from the existing road trying to pass from more parts of lookout in its designing. Finally, existing and completive road networks were compared in terms of opening up and parts of lookout using the Backmund method. The results showed that the completive road network has more forest openness and more parts of lookout compared to the existing road network.


2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-92
Author(s):  
Jaromír Skoupil ◽  
Petr Pelikán ◽  
Jiří Kadlec

Abstract The paper is focused on the forest road access in the area of supposed specific method of forest management. The studied forest area of 81 hectares (ha) is intended for transformation by selective silviculture method demanding dense forest road network. The parameters of the current road network were analysed by Beneš method based on quantifying the general geometric and configuration criteria of the road network. The new road distribution was designed with respect to the results of the terrain slope and runoff concentration analyses to reduce the negative impacts of the roads on the surrounding environment. The new road layout resulted to the decrement of all types of skidding distances. The real skidding distance Ds decreased by 51% to the value of 72 m. In addition, the road network efficiency was increased by 14%.


2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Erhan Çalışkan

Road between two known points and placing the various economic and environmental factors that require consideration is a highly complex engineering problems. Engineers, soil conservation and water resources, taking into account the total road construction, maintenance and handling cost is the lowest of the route is difficult to determine. Forest road construction and maintenance costs of raw wood is a significant proportion of the total cost of production. Of forest road network planning, forest villages transportation, production work, social needs, providing transportation to the recreation area, depending on the functional use of forests that are made according to the purpose. In this study, by using GIS and Roadeng Technology planning forest road network planning was make zero line, curve, longitudinal profiles, cross sections, such as the amount of excavation and filling all the planning criteria are determined. Roadeng of software for planning of forest roads; surveillance, compliance of the terrain and the location of the module were investigated. Look at the slope of the land and river maps with GIS software has been created.Roadeng numerical software made its way forest we have done with classical methods and technical processes are automatically offers more detailed and more quickly practitioners do on computers.


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