scholarly journals Antimutagenic effect of epigallocatechin gallate and its effect on the immune response in mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 180-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Šmerák ◽  
H. Šestáková ◽  
Z. Polívková ◽  
R. Štětina ◽  
M. Langová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Tea ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Antimutagenic Activity ◽  
Dna Breaks ◽  
Colon Cells ◽  
Antimutagenic Effect ◽  
Aflatoxin B

Green tea is the second-most consumed beverage in the world (water is the first one) and has been used medicinally for centuries in Indiaand China. The active substances in the green tea are polyphenols (catechins) and flavonols which possess a potent antioxidant activity. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is one of the four major green tea catechins. Using the Ames test, micronucleus test, comet assay, chemiluminescence test, and blastic transformation test, we examined the antimutagenic effects of chemoprotective substance epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in the pure form on the mutagenicity induced by three reference mutagens: aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> (AFB<sub>1</sub>), 2-amino-3-methylimidazo [4,5-f] qui-noline (IQ), and N-nitroso-N-methylurea (MNU), and the effect of EGCG on the immunosuppression caused by these mutagens. Using the Ames test the dose dependent antimutagenic activity of EGCG was proved against indirect mutagens AFB<sub>1</sub> and IQ, but not against the direct mutagen MNU. In the micronucleus test, EGCG had antimutagenic effect upon all three mutagens. EGCG decreased the level of DNA breaks induced by AFB<sub>1</sub> in bone marrow cells and colon epithelium, and the level of DNA breaks induced by MNU in colon cells to the level found in control. The reparatory effect of EGCG on immunosupression induced by all three carcinogenic compounds was proved using chemiluminescence and blastic trasformation tests. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Antimutagenic effect of resveratrol

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 202-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Langová ◽  
Z. Polívková ◽  
P. Šmerák ◽  
J. Bártová ◽  
I. Bárta
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Antimutagenic Activity ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Micronucleus Tests ◽  
Aflatoxin B

Evidence exists from population-based and laboratory studies that some phytochemicals have protective effects against tumors or other diseases and reveal antimutagenic activity. We studied the protective effect of the plant phytoallexin resveratrol on the mutagenic activity of three mutagens, i.e. aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> (AFB<sub>1</sub>), 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]qui-noline (IQ) and N-nitroso-N-methylurea (MNU) using the Ames and the micronucleus tests. In the Ames test, we proved a significant antimutagenic activity only against the indirect mutagens AFB<sub>1</sub> and IQ, not against the direct mutagen MNU. A significant decrease of mutagenicity of all three mutagens was detected by the micronucleus test. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Antimutagenic effect of curcumin and its effect on the immune response in mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 72-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Šmerák ◽  
Z. Polívková ◽  
H. Šestáková ◽  
R. Štětina ◽  
BártaI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Pure Form ◽  
Edible Plants ◽  
Blastic Transformation ◽  
Antimutagenic Effect ◽  
Aflatoxin B

A wide array of antioxidative and anti-inflammatory substances derived from edible plants have been reported to possess chemopreventive and chemoprotective activities. Among the most extensively investigated and well-defined dietary chemopreventives is curcumin. Using the Ames test and in vivo micronucleus test, chemiluminescence test, blastic transformation test, and comet assay, we examined the antimutagenic effects of the chemically identified chemoprotective substance curcumin (diferuloylmethane) in the pure form on mutagenicity induced by three reference mutagens: aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> (AFB<sub>1</sub>), 2-amino-3-metylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ), and N-nitroso-N-metylurea (MNU), and the effect of curcumin on the immunosuppression caused by these mutagens. Curcumin in the pure form showed a clear antimutagenic and immunomodulatory activities on mutagenicity and immunosuppression induced by reference mutagens. &nbsp;

Evaluation of the Effects of Sterilization by Irradiation on Teratogenic Toxicity of Central Vein Catheter

2012 ◽  
Vol 630 ◽  
pp. 414-419
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Fen Ju Liu ◽  
Qing Fang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Medical Apparatus ◽  
Vein Catheter ◽  
Central Vein Catheter ◽  
Chromosome Aberration Test

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the teraogenic toxicity of central vein catheters after irradiation sterilization and provide basis for further application of medical apparatus in future. Methods: central vein catheters were sterilized by irradiation as ISO11137 standard, afterwards, a series of tests including chromosome aberration test, micronucleus test and Ames test were performed to evaluate their teratogenic toxicity. Results: After irradiation sterilization, the samples showed no genetic toxicity (did not cause chromosomal aberrations) and no mutagenic effect, and did not increase the incidence of bone marrow cells micronucleus, demonstrating that the product material was quite stable after irradiation. Conclusions: No teratogenicity was induced in central vein catheters by the setting dose of irradiation sterilization. And therefore irradiation sterilization is a commendable method for such kind of materials, which deserves further promotion and application.

Analysis of Plant Extracts Antimutagenicity Using the Ames Test and the Cytogenetic Analysis of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bunkova ◽  
I. Marova ◽  
Z. Pokorna ◽  
A. Lojek
Keyword(s):  
Green Tea ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Parameter Method ◽  
Antimutagenic Activity ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes

This work was focused on comparison of antimutagenic effect of selected plant extracts (carrot, paprika, tomato, spinach, onion, kiwi and green tea) analysed by two independent tests of genotoxicity: i) the Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and ii) cytogenetic analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes (CAPL). Both methods were proved without and/or with metabolic activation. Samples were allowed to be positive antimutagens based on their ability to inhibit the mutagenic effects of standard mutagens. High positive results (more than 60% of inhibition of mutagenic effect) were obtained with extract from green tea. Extracts from paprika, carrot and spinach as well as solutions of standard alltrans-carotene and some standard flavonoids showed antimutagenic (40-60% of inhibition) or weakly antimutagenic (20-40% of inhibition) effects. Positive antimutagenic effects of extracts from spinach and green tea were determined using CAPL method too. Further, the comparison of antimutagenic activity and antioxidant capacity of tested samples analysed using TRAP (total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter) method was proved. Extract from green tea showed the highest antioxidant as well as antimutagenic capacity, but no correlation was found between these parameters in all tested extracts.

Teratogenicity Assessment of Dental Implants

2012 ◽  
Vol 630 ◽  
pp. 420-424
Author(s):  
Jian Liu ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Fen Ju Liu ◽  
Qing Fang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Medical Products ◽  
Activation Conditions ◽  
Chromosome Aberration Test

To evaluate the teratogenicity of the dental implant and provide a basis for safe applications of medical products. Chromosome aberration test, micronucleus test and the Ames test of the dental implant samples were performed. The results showed that samples of the dental implant did not cause chromosomal aberrations, nor induced the increase of bone marrow cells micronucleus incidence; Compared with the control groups, the number of revertant colonies did not increase significantly in the dental implant extracts and 1/5, 1/25 diluted groups, both under the activation and non-activation conditions, suggesting that no mutagenic effect was caused by the dental implant samples. All of the results indicated that the dental implant could not induce any teratogenic toxicity or carcinogenic and toxicity, so the dental implant can be safely used in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Antimutagenic effect of genistein

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Polívková ◽  
M. Langová ◽  
P. Šmerák ◽  
B. Bártová ◽  
I. Bárta
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Antimutagenic Effect ◽  
Mutagenicity Test ◽  
Prostate Cancers ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Antigenotoxic Effect

A great variety of health benefits including the protection against breast and prostate cancers has been attributed to the soya consumption, because of the presence of soy beans isoflavones, genistein, and others. We investigated the antigenotoxic effect of genistein on the genotoxicity of three mutagens and carcinogens &ndash; aflatoxine B<sub>1</sub> (AFB<sub>1</sub>), 2-amino-3-methylimidazo [4,5-f]quinoline (IQ), and N-nitroso-N-methylurea (MNU), using the Ames bacterial mutagenicity test and the micronucleus test. In the Ames test on Salmonella typhimurium, a significant antimutagenic effect was determined against the indirect mutagen AFB<sub>1 </sub>in two strains, TA98 and TA100. However, the effect on the IQ indirect mutagenicity was more pronounced in the test with TA98 than with TA100. The mutagenicity of the direct mutagen MNU was suppressed by genistein only at its highest concentration used (300 &micro;g/plate). The protective effect of genistein against all three mutagens was proved in the micronucleus test as the treatment of mice with the combinations of genistein and mutagens resulted in a significant reduction of the number of micronuclei in comparison with the number of micronuclei induced by the individual mutagens alone. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Mutagenic effects of selected trichothecene mycotoxins and their combinations with aflatoxin B1

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 90-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Šmerák ◽  
I. Bárta ◽  
Z. Polívková ◽  
J. Bártová ◽  
M. Sedmíková
Keyword(s):  
Ames Test ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Test Systems ◽  
Strong Mutagen ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Aflatoxin B ◽  
Mutagenic Effects

The authors focused on the amplification of data on the mutagenicity of selected trichothecene mycotoxins (T-2 toxin, vomitoxin) and their combination with aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub>,which is known to be a strong mutagen. Mutagenic activity was investigated using the Ames test in a prokaryote model at low doses (close to 0.1 LD<sub>50</sub>). Whereas the individual trichothecene mycotoxins (T-2 toxin, vomitoxin) did not show any mutagenic activity in the test systems mentioned, in combination with AFB<sub>1</sub>, or as a combination of all three mycotoxins, they showed a mutagenic effect significantly greater than AFB<sub>1</sub> alone in the Ames test (in strain TA98 at all concentrations) as well as in the micronucleus test (combination of T-2 toxin with AFB<sub>1</sub>).

scholarly journals Assessment of the mutagenic and antimutagenic activity of Synadenium umbellatum Pax latex by micronucleus test in mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
PR. Melo-Reis ◽  
LSA. Bezerra ◽  
MAAB. Vale ◽  
RFR. Canhête ◽  
L. Chen-Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mitomycin C ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antimutagenic Activity ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes

Synadenium umbellatum Pax, popularly known as "cola-nota", is a medicinal plant that grows in tropical regions. The latex of this plant is used against various diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, leprosy, tripanosomiasis, leukemia, and several malignant tumors. The mutagenic, antimutagenic, and cytotoxic effects of the latex of this plant were investigated by measuring the frequency of micronuclei in mice bone marrow cells. To evaluate mutagenicity, the animals were treated with four doses of latex (10, 30, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight). To study the antimutagenic activity, the animals were simultaneously treated with latex and mitomycin C (4 mg/kg). The cytotoxicity was evaluated by polychromatic and normochromatic erythrocytes ratio. Our results showed a significant increase of frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE) compared to the negative control group (p < 0.05). Concerning antimutagenicity, the doses of 10 and 30 mg/kg co-administered with mitomycin C showed significant decrease in MNPCE frequency compared to the positive control group (p < 0.05). However, no significant reduction in MNPCE frequency (p > 0.05) was detected at the doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg. Under our experimental conditions, the results obtained indicate strong mutagenic and cytotoxic activity of S. umbellatum latex except the dose of 10 mg/kg and moderate antimutagenic effect at lower doses.

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