scholarly journals Evaluation of Process Conditions for Ultrasonic Spray-Freeze Drying of Transglutaminase

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
Hilal Isleroglu ◽  
Izzet Turker
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Desirability Function ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Plate Temperature ◽  
Ultrasonic Spray ◽  
Spray Freeze Drying

In this study, a commercial transglutaminase enzyme was dried using an ultrasonic spray freeze drying method and the effects of the process conditions were optimized to maximize the final transglutaminase activity. Accordingly, process parameters affecting enzyme activity were selected, such as nozzle frequency (48 and 120 kHz), flow rate (2, 5 and 8 mL/min) and plate temperature for secondary drying (25, 35 and 45 °C). Moreover, the effects of different pH values (pH=2.0 and 9.0) and high temperature (80 °C) on enzyme activity, physical properties and particle morphology of transglutaminase were discussed. According to the results, transglutaminase preserved its activity despite ultrasonic spray freeze drying. Sonication enhanced the enzyme activity. Using the desirability function method, the optimum process conditions were determined to be flow rate 3.10 mL/min, plate temperature 45 °C and nozzle frequency 120 kHz. The predicted activity ratio was 1.17, and experimentally obtained ratio was 1.14±0.02. Furthermore, enzyme produced by ultrasonic spray freeze drying had low moisture values (2.92-4.36 %) at 8 h of drying. When the morphological structure of the transglutaminase particles produced by ultrasonic spray freeze drying under the optimum conditions was examined, spherical particles with pores on their surfaces were observed. In addition, flow properties of the transglutaminase powders were considered as fair under most conditions according to the Carr index.

Aerosol Delivery of Nanoparticles in Uniform Mannitol Carriers Formulated by Ultrasonic Spray Freeze Drying

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 2891-2901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne M. D’Addio ◽  
John Gar Yan Chan ◽  
Philip Chi Lip Kwok ◽  
Bryan R. Benson ◽  
Robert K. Prud’homme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Aerosol Delivery ◽  
Ultrasonic Spray ◽  
Spray Freeze Drying

The Research of Ginseng Blueberry Chewable Tablet

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 1515-1520
Author(s):  
Qian Qian Gao ◽  
Xue Jun Liu ◽  
Dong Jiao Wang ◽  
Jing Cheng ◽  
Li Li Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Chewable Tablet ◽  
Blueberry Juice ◽  
White Ginseng ◽  
Wetting Agents ◽  
Orthogonal Tests

This experiment was to develop a new kind of chewable tablet with white ginseng and blueberry. Firstly,get ginseng extracts from selective white ginseng by ultrasonic and freeze drying, and get blueberry juice powder from blueberries by squeezing and spray drying. Secondly, these two kinds of powder were pressed into tablets with starch, xylitol, etc as the auxiliary materials, and 40% alcohol as wetting agents. The optimum process conditions and formula were determined by single factor and orthogonal tests. The results show that the content of ginseng extracts, blueberry juice powder, starch, and 40% of ethanol should be 15%, 35%, 20%, 40% respectively in the best formula.

Inhalable clarithromycin liposomal dry powders using ultrasonic spray freeze drying

2017 ◽  
Vol 305 ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiantian Ye ◽  
Jiaqi Yu ◽  
Qiuhua Luo ◽  
Shujun Wang ◽  
Hak-Kim Chan
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Dry Powders ◽  
Ultrasonic Spray ◽  
Spray Freeze Drying

Optimization of an Enzyme Assisted Process for Juice Extraction and Clarification from Litchis (Litchi Chinensis Sonn.)

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Narendra Singh Shah ◽  
Nirankar Nath
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Viscosity ◽  
Desirability Function ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Enzymatic Treatment ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Enzyme Treatment ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Juice Yield ◽  
Juice Extraction

Litchi pulp was treated with various concentration levels of hydrolytic enzymes viz. pectinase (0-0.133%w/w), cellulase (0-0.266%w/w) and hemicellulase (0-0.20%w/w) for different durations (30-150 min) at 45°C. The effect of enzyme treatment conditions was studied on yield, clarity, apparent viscosity and total soluble solids (TSS) of juice obtained from the pulp. The optimum process conditions were determined by employing a second order central composite rotatable design in combination with response surface methodology. Yield, clarity and TSS of juice were found to increase and apparent viscosity was found to decrease significantly by enzymatic treatment. The optimum conditions for enzymatic treatment of pulp obtained after a 2 sided desirability function with the responses juice yield, clarity and TSS to be maximized and viscosity to be minimized were 0.076% (w/w) pectinase, 0.138% (w/w) cellulase, 0.107% (w/w) hemicellulase and incubation time of 106.5 min. The predicted values for juice yield, clarity, viscosity and TSS under optimized conditions were 77.19%, 93.53%, 1.359mPa s and 19.68°brix which showed a good agreement with the experimental values under same set of conditions.

Optimization of an Enzyme Assisted Process for Juice Extraction and Clarification from Litchis (Litchi Chinensis Sonn.)

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Narendra Shah
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Viscosity ◽  
Desirability Function ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Enzymatic Treatment ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Enzyme Treatment ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Juice Yield ◽  
Juice Extraction

Litchi pulp was treated with various concentration levels of hydrolytic enzymes viz. pectinase (0-0.133%w/w), cellulase (0-0.266%w/w) and hemicellulase (0-0.20%w/w) for different durations (30-150 min) at 45°C. The effect of enzyme treatment conditions was studied on yield, clarity, apparent viscosity and total soluble solids (TSS) of juice obtained from the pulp. The optimum process conditions were determined by employing a second order central composite rotatable design in combination with response surface methodology. Yield, clarity and TSS of juice were found to increase and apparent viscosity was found to decrease significantly by enzymatic treatment. The optimum conditions for enzymatic treatment of pulp obtained after a 2 sided desirability function with the responses juice yield, clarity and TSS to be maximized and viscosity to be minimized were 0.076% (w/w) pectinase, 0.138% (w/w) cellulase, 0.107% (w/w) hemicellulase and incubation time of 106.5 min. The predicted values for juice yield, clarity, viscosity and TSS under optimized conditions were 77.19 %, 93.53%, 1.359mPa s and 19.68°brix which showed a good agreement with the experimental values under the same set of conditions.

scholarly journals Inhalable Protein Powder Prepared by Spray-Freeze-Drying Using Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin as Excipient

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 615
Author(s):  
Jason C. K. Lo ◽  
Harry W. Pan ◽  
Jenny K. W. Lam
Keyword(s):  
Protein Aggregation ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Solute Concentration ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Aerosol Performance ◽  
Spray Freeze Drying ◽  
Induced Aggregation

The prospect of inhaled biologics has garnered particular interest given the benefits of the pulmonary route of administration. Pertinent considerations in producing inhalable dry powders containing biological medicines relate to aerosol performance and protein stability. Spray-freeze-drying (SFD) has emerged as an established method to generate microparticles that can potentially be deposited in the lungs. Here, the SFD conditions and formulation composition were evaluated using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model protein and 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) as the protein stabilizer. A factorial design analysis was performed to investigate the effects of BSA content, solute concentration of feed solution, and atomization gas flow rate on dispersibility (as an emitted fraction), respirability (as fine particle fraction), particle size, and level of protein aggregation. The atomization gas flow rate was identified as a significant factor in influencing the aerosol performance of the powder formulations and protein aggregation. Nonetheless, high atomization gas flow rate induced aggregation, highlighting the need to further optimize the formulation. Of note, all the formulations exhibited excellent dispersibility, while no fragmentation of BSA occurred, indicating the feasibility of SFD and the promise of HPβCD as an excipient.

scholarly journals Optimization of liquid-phase α-pinene oxidation with oxygen in presence of cobalt (II) stearate

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-239
Author(s):  
A. A. Sosnovskaya ◽  
V. L. Fleisher ◽  
Y. V. Borkina
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
High Conversion ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Air Flow Rate ◽  
Quantitative Content

Optimization of the liquid-phase oxidation of α-pinene was carried out using the Box plan. It was found that an increase in the temperature of the oxidation process in the interval 55–85 °C leads to an increase in the amount of polymers from 45 to 55 %, and a decrease in the air flow rate from 1000 to 600 ml/min – to a 10 % decrease in terpenic oxygencontaining compounds (verbenol, verbenon, epoxy α-pinene). Increasing the duration of oxidation from 5 to 15 h leads to a reduction in the content of α-pinene from 70 to 48 %, which indicates its high conversion. The results of the experimental plan have been processed, the optimum process conditions found, which ensure the maximum yield terpenic oxygencontaining compounds and a high conversion α-pinene with the minimum content of polymers in the oxidation products, have been calculated and confirmed in practice. It was established that at a temperature of 70–75 °C, an air flow rate of 1000 ml/min and an oxidation time of 5 h, the quantitative content of the main products was: terpenic oxygen-containing compounds – 27.04 %, monomers – 69.70 %, polymers – 30.30 %.

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