BONE STRUCTURE AND METABOLISM IN CALCIUM-DEFICIENT RATS

1960 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. HARRISON ◽  
RUSSELL FRASER
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Calcium Deficiency ◽  
Bone Atrophy ◽  
Structure And Metabolism

SUMMARY Pure calcium deficiency produces osteoporosis, or bone atrophy, in rats, while vitamin D deficiency as well as calcium deficiency leads to osteomalacia, or thin bones with wide osteoid seams. The retention of a dose of strontium in the osteoporotic rats is greater than normal, and this indicates rapid bone formation. The immediate cause of the bone thinning must therefore be an increase in the rate of bone resorption, contrary to the classical concepts of osteoporosis.

scholarly journals INTAKE OF A VITAMIN-MINERAL COMPLEX IS A RATIONAL WAY TO MAKE UP A CALCIUM DEFICIENCY IN CONDITIONS OF INSUFFICIENT CONSUMPTION OF DAIRY PRODUCTS BY A CHILD

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgenia V. Shikh ◽  
Anna A. Makhova ◽  
Evgeny E. Emelyashenkov
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Calcium Deficiency ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Lactase Deficiency ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

A calcium deficiency is detected in more than 80% of children. This is the result of inadequate consumption of milk and dairy products which are the main food sources of calcium. There is a correlation between deficiency of calcium intake with food in childhood and the risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis in subsequent life periods. With insufficient exogenous intake of calcium, its concentration in the blood decreases which stimulates bone resorption. The factors that further limit the consumption of dairy products are lactase deficiency and cow's milk protein allergy. In order to ensure the intake of the necessary amount of calcium, it is advisable to use vitaminmineral complexes in children that contain not only a sufficient amount of calcium and vitamin D but also other micronutrients required for bone formation.

scholarly journals VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AND PARATOHOMMONIUM INCREASE IN LATE POSTOPERATIVE GASTRIC BYPASS IN ROUX-EN-Y

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Vicinansa MÔNACO-FERREIRA ◽  
Vânia Aparecida LEANDRO-MERHI ◽  
Nilton César ARANHA ◽  
Andre BRANDALISE ◽  
Nelson Ary BRANDALISE
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Calcium Metabolism ◽  
Calcium Deficiency ◽  
Ionized Calcium ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Biochemical Tests

ABSTRACT Background : Roux-en-Y gastric bypass patients can experience changes in calcium metabolism and hyperparathyroidism secondary to vitamin D deficiency. Aim : To evaluate nutritional deficiencies related to the calcium metabolism of patients undergoing gastric bypass with a 10-year follow-up. Method : This is a longitudinal retrospective study of patients submitted to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass at a multidisciplinary clinic located in the Brazilian southeast region. The study investigated the results of the following biochemical tests: serum calcium, ionized calcium, vitamin D, and parathormone (PTH). The generalized estimating equations (GEE) determined the nutritional deficiencies using a significance level of 5%. Results : Among the patients who finished the study (120 months), 82.86% (n=29) had vitamin D deficiency, and 41.94% (n=13) had high PTH. Postoperative time had a significant effect on PTH (p=0.0059). The percentages of patients with vitamin D, serum calcium, and ionized calcium deficiencies did not change significantly over time. Conclusion : One of the outcomes was vitamin D deficiency associated with secondary hyperparathyroidism. These findings reaffirm the importance of monitoring the bone metabolism of patients submitted to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. HEADINGS: Calcium deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency. Secondary hyperparathyroidism.

scholarly journals The Paradoxical Role of Uric Acid in Osteoporosis

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun-Mo Lin ◽  
Chien-Lin Lu ◽  
Kuo-Chin Hung ◽  
Pei-Chen Wu ◽  
Chi-Feng Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Bone Fracture ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Free Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Increase Bone Resorption

Because of its high prevalence worldwide, osteoporosis is considered a serious public health concern. Many known risk factors for developing osteoporosis have been identified and are crucial if planning health care needs. Recently, an association between uric acid (UA) and bone fractures had been explored. Extracellular UA exhibits antioxidant properties by effectively scavenging free radicals in human plasma, but this benefit might be disturbed by the hydrophobic lipid layer of the cell membrane. In contrast, intracellular free oxygen radicals are produced during UA degradation, and superoxide is further enhanced by interacting with NADPH oxidase. This intracellular oxidative stress, together with inflammatory cytokines induced by UA, stimulates osteoclast bone resorption and inhibits osteoblast bone formation. UA also inhibits vitamin D production and thereby results in hyper-parathyroidism, which causes less UA excretion in the intestines and renal proximal tubules by inhibiting the urate transporter ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2). At normal or high levels, UA is associated with a reduction in bone mineral density and protects against bone fracture. However, in hyperuricemia or gout arthritis, UA increases bone fracture risk because oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines can increase bone resorption and decrease bone formation. Vitamin D deficiency, and consequent secondary hyperparathyroidism, can further increase bone resorption and aggravated bone loss in UA-induced osteoporosis.

Bone changes due to pregnancy and lactation: influence of vitamin D status

1986 ◽  
Vol 251 (4) ◽  
pp. E400-E406 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Marie ◽  
L. Cancela ◽  
N. Le Boulch ◽  
L. Miravet
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Bone Formation Rate ◽  
Bone Calcium ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Stimulation Of

The effects of pregnancy and lactation on endosteal bone formation and resorption were evaluated in vitamin D-depleted (-D) and vitamin D-repleted (+D) rats. Pregnancy induced a marked stimulation of osteoclastic bone resorption and of static and dynamic parameters of bone formation and mineralization. Bone resorption increased independently of vitamin D status and did not correlate with plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D] levels, but it was associated with increased plasma immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH) concentrations. Stimulation of the endosteal bone formation rate was mainly impaired in D-depleted rats, resulting in trabecular bone loss, which, in -D mother rats, was associated with decreased bone ash and total bone calcium. Lactation further stimulated bone resorption and reduced the trabecular bone volume; ash weight and bone calcium content were also decreased independently of the vitamin D status and changes in plasma iPTH levels. In presence of vitamin D, the bone formation rate increased fourfold during lactation but was unchanged in -D lactating rats. During lactation, vitamin D-depleted rats lost twofold more calcified bone than +D rats because of impaired mineralization. Thus, the present study shows that both the endosteal bone resorption and formation are stimulated by pregnancy and lactation and that vitamin D is required for normal bone mineralization during the reproductive period.

Effect of vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy on offspring bone structure and quality

Bone ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. S100
Author(s):  
S. Lanham ◽  
C. Roberts ◽  
A. Habgood ◽  
S. Alexander ◽  
T. Burne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Bone Structure

Pre-Transplant Bone Status Evaluation in Patients Undergoing Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 2131-2131
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Yakoub-Agha ◽  
Cecile Wibaux ◽  
Leonardo Magro ◽  
Audrey Juilliard ◽  
Isabelle Legroux-Gerot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bone Status ◽  
High Bone

Abstract In view of the high observed frequency of bone events following allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT), the aim of this prospective study was to evaluate pre-transplant bone status in allo-SCT patients. In the month before transplantation, bone-loss risk factors were documented for 27 patients. We measured the levels of bone remodelling markers (BRMs: plasma osteocalcin and bone & total alkaline phosphatases for bone formation; CTX and telopeptides for bone resorption), together with plasma creatinine, intact PTH, TSH, testosterone, LH, FSH, 25 OH vitamin D, serum calcium & phosphorus and calciuria. In addition, bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine, femoral neck and hips was measured using double-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Spine X-ray measurements were also made. Bisphosphonate, oral calcium and vitamin D or testosterone were administered according to the results of the evaluation.Between June 2006 and March 2007, 13 males and 14 females underwent allo-CST for haematological malignancies. The median age at transplantation was 44 years (range: 22–60). Eighteen had received prior corticosteroid therapy, 10 were smokers and 2 had a history of alcohol abuse. All had received prior chemotherapy, including 2 patients having already undergone autologous SCT. Ten of the 14 women were post-menopausal but none was on hormone replacement therapy. The median BMI was 24 kg/m2 (19–35). The daily calcium intake was low, with a median value of 950 mg/day (467–1852). While serum calcium, phosphorus and creatinine levels were within the corresponding normal ranges for all patients, 15 individuals displayed vitamin D deficiency and 6 had calciuria < 100 mg/day. Two patients suffered from hyperparathyroidism. In terms of BRMs, the patients respectively displayed a normal profile (n=9), high bone resorption activity (n=12) or high bone formation/resorption activity (n=5). One patient had hyperthyroidism and another presented hypotestosteronaemia. Bone density results were normal in 16 patients and abnormal in 11 (41%), including 8 with osteopaenia and 3 with osteoporosis. Vertebral fractures were observed in 4 patients. Overall, 18 patients (67%) were considered as having a pathological bone status and required treatment with bisphosphonate alone (n=5), vitamin D supplementation alone (n=11) or both (n=2).This study revealed that a large proportion of allo-CST patients have pre-existing abnormal bone status and thus demonstrates the importance of pre-transplant bone status evaluation in allo-CST candidates. The implementation of appropriate bone-related treatments may reduce the frequency of post-transplant bone events.

ED-71, a novel vitamin D analog, promotes bone formation and angiogenesis and inhibits bone resorption after bone marrow ablation

Bone ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Okuda ◽  
S. Takeda ◽  
K. Shinomiya ◽  
T. Muneta ◽  
S. Itoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Vitamin D Analog ◽  
Bone Marrow Ablation ◽  
Marrow Ablation

24,25(OH)2D3, bone formation, and bone resorption in vitamin D-deficient, azotemic rats

1984 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. Goodman ◽  
D. J. Baylink ◽  
D. J. Sherrard
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation

scholarly journals SAT-395 Correlations Between Biochemical Parameters and Trabecular Bone Score (TBS) in Primary Hyperparathyroidism (PHP) Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lívia Marcela Santos ◽  
Monique Nakayama Ohe ◽  
Sthefanie Giovanna Pallone ◽  
Ilda Sizue Kunii ◽  
Renata Elen Costa Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Trabecular Bone Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Calcium ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Positive Correlation

Abstract Background: Vitamin D deficiency is common among PHP patients. While data are limited, some studies suggest that vitamin D deficiency may exacerbates skeletal disease in PHP. TBS is a software-based method for assessment of trabecular bone structure of the spine, based on analysis of pixels obtained in dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) images. The aim of this study was to evaluate TBS, vitamin D status, clinical and laboratorial measurements in a PHP group of patients in a search for a more accurate bone fragility test for risk assessment in this group of patients. Methods: From June/2017 to January/2019, patients who met the criteria for PHP diagnosis were included in this study. Control group was composed by age and sex-matched healthy individuals. Overall, 64 PHP and 63 controls were enrolled. Bone mineral density (BMD) measured by DXA (Hologic QDR 4500) at the lumbar spine, total hip, femoral neck, and TBS values (InSight™) were determined in both groups. Total and ionized calcium, PTH, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, P1NP and CTX were measured. None were in use of Vitamin D supplementation. Results: As expected, PHP patients had lower BMD values than controls in all sites (p<0.0001). TBS measurements were also reduced in PHP patients compared to controls (1233 vs 1280, p=0.0444). TBS values were inversely correlated with total calcium (CaT) and phosphorus measurements were positively correlated in the PHP patients. 25(OH)D measurements didn’t differ between groups (PHP 22.5 vs. controls 19.8 ng/mL, p=0.1699). There was a positive correlation between 25(OH)D and TBS in both PHP and controls (r= 0,3088, p= 0,0138 and r= 0,3708, p= 0,003 respectively). Considering individuals with vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D levels <=20 ng/mL), a negative correlation between TBS and CaT measurements among PHP patients (r= -0,4391, p=0,0172) was observeed, while in controls there was a positive correlation between TBS and 25(OH)D (r= 0,3504, p= 0,0362). Conclusion: Serum total calcium presents negative correlation and phosphorus a positive one with TBS in PHP patients. We also found a correlation between TBS and 25(OH)D, both in PHP and in controls. 25(OH)D <=20 ng/mL is an independent risk factor determining degraded TBS among PHP patients and controls.

scholarly journals Knowledge Level and Awareness About Calcium Deficiency, Vitamin D Deficiency and Osteoporosis Among Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation School Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Fatmanur Aybala Koçak ◽  
Özge Barut ◽  
Emine Eda Kurt ◽  
Senem Şaş ◽  
Havva Öztürk Durmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Calcium Deficiency ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
School Students
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document