Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization on Photosynthetic Characters and Dry Matter Production in F1Hybrids of Rice (Oryza sativaL.)

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Abu Zaman Sarker ◽  
Seiichi Murayama ◽  
Hikaru Akamine ◽  
Ichiro Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Matter Production

Effects of thinning and nitrogen fertilization on growth of Scots pine trees: total annual biomass increment, needle efficiency, and aboveground allocation of biomass increment

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1639-1644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Valinger
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Allocation Pattern ◽  
Biomass Increment ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Aboveground Production ◽  
Annual Biomass

The effects of thinning and nitrogen fertilization, singly and in combination, on growth of 45-year-old Scots pine (Pinussylvestris L.) trees in northern Sweden were examined for 5 years after treatment. Annual examination of trees determined height growth, diameter growth, crown development, annual biomass increment, aboveground biomass allocation, and needle efficiency in relation to treatments. Nitrogen fertilization increased total dry matter production. The combination of thinning and nitrogen fertilization increased total dry matter production per tree more than the additive effects of thinning and nitrogen fertilization singly. Dry matter production per hectare was increased by nitrogen fertilization. Needle efficiency, i.e., total annual aboveground biomass production per unit of needle mass, was also increased by nitrogen fertilization. The increased aboveground production after nitrogen fertilization resulted from both an increase in biomass of needles and from the increased needle efficiency. The allocation pattern indicated that an increased production of stemwood was a result of a larger biomass of needles. An increase in cone production of the control trees was associated with a decrease in needle efficiency.

scholarly journals Growth bioestimulant in marandu grass cultivated in the amazon biome

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 3335-3350
Author(s):  
Grazielle de Carvalho Reis ◽  
◽  
Wildiney Freire de Oliveira ◽  
Camila Cunha da Silva ◽  
Bruno Pereira da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Leaf Life Span ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a biostimulant on the morphogenesis, structure, productivity, and chemical composition of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu, managed under two nitrogen fertilization levels. Collections were carried out during the dry (June to September) and the rainy season (September to April). The experimental area was divided into 48 plots of 8 m2 each, using a randomized block design in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement (0, 1, 2, and 3 L ha−1 of biostimulant × 50 and 150 kg N ha−1 year−1), and subdivided over time into dry and rainy seasons. Treatments were applied in a single dose. An interaction was observed between biostimulant and nitrogen fertilization for the total forage dry matter production and daily forage dry matter production, in which an increase of 30.1 and 25.3% was observed in the total dry matter production and 33.7 and 27.6% in the daily dry matter production when using 1 and 2 L ha−1 of biostimulant, respectively, compared to the non-application of biostimulant and with fertilization of 50 kg N ha−1 year−1. The leaf life-span showed a triple interaction (biostimulant × nitrogen fertilization × season), and a decomposition of the interaction showed that the fertilization of 150 kg N ha−1 year−1 provided a shorter leaf life-span during the dry season, with no difference for the other combinations of factors. No interactions were found for the chemical-bromatological composition, with no differences for the biostimulant application. Biostimulant doses of 1 and 2 L ha−1 increase the dry matter production per hectare in the nitrogen fertilization of 50 kg N ha−1 year−1, but its action is not effective with the highest nitrogen fertilization (150 kg N ha−1 year−1).

scholarly journals Optical crop sensor for variable-rate nitrogen fertilization in corn: i - plant nutrition and dry matter production

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 1288-1298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jardes Bragagnolo ◽  
Telmo Jorge Carneiro Amado ◽  
Rodrigo da Silveira Nicoloso ◽  
Joerg Jasper ◽  
Junior Kunz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Plant Nutrition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Variable Rate ◽  
N Content ◽  
Matter Production

Variable-rate nitrogen fertilization (VRF) based on optical spectrometry sensors of crops is a technological innovation capable of improving the nutrient use efficiency (NUE) and mitigate environmental impacts. However, studies addressing fertilization based on crop sensors are still scarce in Brazilian agriculture. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of an optical crop sensor to assess the nutritional status of corn and compare VRF with the standard strategy of traditional single-rate N fertilization (TSF) used by farmers. With this purpose, three experiments were conducted at different locations in Southern Brazil, in the growing seasons 2008/09 and 2010/11. The following crop properties were evaluated: above-ground dry matter production, nitrogen (N) content, N uptake, relative chlorophyll content (SPAD) reading, and a vegetation index measured by the optical sensor N-Sensor® ALS. The plants were evaluated in the stages V4, V6, V8, V10, V12 and at corn flowering. The experiments had a completely randomized design at three different sites that were analyzed separately. The vegetation index was directly related to above-ground dry matter production (R² = 0.91; p<0.0001), total N uptake (R² = 0.87; p<0.0001) and SPAD reading (R² = 0.63; p<0.0001) and inversely related to plant N content (R² = 0.53; p<0.0001). The efficiency of VRF for plant nutrition was influenced by the specific climatic conditions of each site. Therefore, the efficiency of the VRF strategy was similar to that of the standard farmer fertilizer strategy at sites 1 and 2. However, at site 3 where the climatic conditions were favorable for corn growth, the use of optical sensors to determine VRF resulted in a 12 % increase in N plant uptake in relation to the standard fertilization, indicating the potential of this technology to improve NUE.

scholarly journals Hay Tifton 85 grass under nitrogen doses in different days of regrowth

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 37692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weudes Rodrigues Andrade ◽  
Eleuza Clarete Junqueira de Sales ◽  
Flávio Pinto Monção ◽  
Virgílio Mesquita Gomes ◽  
Leidy Darmony de Almeida Rufino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Quadratic Function ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production

The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield, nutritional value and potential ruminal degradation of Tifton 85 hay (Cynodon spp.) harvested at four regrowth ages (28, 35, 42 and 49 days) and fertilized with two nitrogen doses (N; 100 and 300 kg N ha-1). The experimental design was a randomized block design, arranged in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, with six replications each. Nitrogen fertilization increased (p < 0.05) dry matter yield and digestible dry matter production of hay and also lignin and crude protein contents. Nitrogen fertilization increased (p < 0.01) the dry matter yield and the digestible dry matter production of hay, as well as lignin (p = 0.01) and crude protein (p = 0.01). The neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (p = 0.01), acid detergent fiber (p = 0.01) and cellulose (p = 0.02) adjusted to the quadratic function regression model of the regrowth ages. For potential rumen degradability hay, it was observed quadratic effect (p = 0.01) with maximum value of 73.1% at 37 days of regrowth. Tifton 85 hay fertilized with 300 kg ha -1 of N and harvested up to 37 days of regrowth results in higher hay dry matter yield, higher crude protein content, and better dry matter rumen degradability. 

scholarly journals Efecto de la fertilización nitrogenada en la dinámica del óxido nitroso y metano en Brachiaria humidicola (Rendle) Schweickerdt.

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iván Pastrana V. ◽  
Sony Reza G. ◽  
Manuel Espinosa C. ◽  
Emiro Suárez P ◽  
Eliecer Díaz A.
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Flow Dynamics ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Brachiaria Humidicola ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Methane Dynamics

<p>Las actividades ganaderas causan un impacto significativo en los cambios ambientales, debido a las altas pérdidas de N que promueven procesos de nitrificación y aumento en emisiones de gases efecto invernadero (GEI). En el Centro de Investigación Turipaná de Corpoica (Cereté, Colombia), se evaluaron tres accesiones de B. humidicola (CIAT 16888, CIAT 26159 y CIAT 679) con tres niveles de aplicación de nitrógeno (0, 150 y 300 kg ha-1) con el fin de determinar la dinámica del flujo de gases de efecto invernadero y su relación con el crecimiento y la producción de forraje. Los resultados indicaron que el mejor genotipo, en términos de producción, fue CIAT 16888, con una producción de materia seca 2.075,32 kg ha-1, altura de 46,87 cm y relación hoja/tallo de 2,51, sin diferencias significativas con el genotipo CIAT 679 pero sí con el genotipo CIAT 26159 (P ≤ 0,05). El flujo de gases de efecto invernadero (metano y óxido nitroso) se incrementó con los niveles de N, lo que indica una correlación significativa entre el crecimiento del pasto y los flujos totales.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Effect of nitrogen fertilization on nitrous oxide and methane dynamics in Brachiaria humidicola (Rendle) Schweickerdt.</strong><strong></strong></p><p>Livestock activities cause a significant impact on the environment due to the release of N into the soil, which in turn results in nitrification and the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG). At Corpoica’s Turipaná Research Center (Cereté, Colombia), we evaluated three different genotypes of B. humidicola (CIAT 16888, CIAT 26159, and CIAT 679) with three levels of nitrogen fertilization application (0, 150, and 300 kg ha-1) in order to determine the flow dynamics of GHG and their relationship to growth and forage production. The results indicated that the best genotype, in terms of production, was CIAT 16888, with an dry matter production of 2,075.32 kg ha-1, a height of 46.87 cm, and leaf/stem ratio of 2.51, with no significant differences with genotype CIAT 679, but with genotype CIAT 26159 (P ≤ 0.05). The flow of GHG (methane and nitrous oxide) increased as the N levels increased, indicating a significant correlation between the grass’s growth and total flows.</p>

scholarly journals Morphogenic, structural, productive and bromatological characteristics of Braquiária in silvopastoral system under nitrogen doses

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 39190
Author(s):  
Zaqueu Gonçalves Carvalho ◽  
Eleuza Clarete Junqueira de Sales ◽  
Flávio Pinto Monção ◽  
Maria Celuta Machado Vianna ◽  
Edilane Aparecida Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Leaf Life Span ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Silvopastoral System ◽  
Matter Production

his study aimed to evaluate the effect of different doses of nitrogen fertilization on the morphogenic, structural, productive and chemical composition of Urochloa decumbens (Stapf) R. D. Webster cv. Basilisk in a silvopastoral system with eucalyptus. The experimental treatments consisted of pastures of Basilisk cultivar, fertilized with 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 kg ha-1 year-1 of N, and intercropped with eucalyptus, clone GG 100 (Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla). The experimental arrangement followed a randomized block design with four replicates. The evaluated characteristics were: foliar appearance rate, phyllochron, leaf length, leaf elongation rate, leaf life span, foliar senescence rate, number of green leaves per tiller, number of senescent leaves per tiller, daily dry matter accumulation, dry matter production, crude protein, and neutral detergent fiber. In the conditions of the established silvopastoral system, nitrogen fertilization did not influence (p > 0.05) the morphogenic and structural characteristics of Basilisk cultivar, except for height (p < 0.01) and leaf: stem ratio (p = 0.02). The nitrogen fertilization of the Brachiaria grass with eucalyptus in the proposed structural arrangement does not modify (p > 0.05) the morphogenic characteristics. However, in ration to dry matter production, doses of up to 400 kg of N ha-1 are recommended. 

Dry matter production of green pea influenced by herbicides

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 377-380
Author(s):  
Erzsébet Nádasy ◽  
Gábor Wágner
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Green Pea
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