scholarly journals Slang in forensic discourse (communicative and pragmatic aspect)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Nedostup
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Structure ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Medical Discourse ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Pragmatic Analysis ◽  
Pragmatic Aspect ◽  
Open Nature ◽  
Linguistic Material ◽  
Empirical Material ◽  
Semantic Processes

The relevance of the work is associated with the growing interest of researchers to the problem of medical discourse as a holistic communicative education. In this article, we focus on the problem of the functioning of Medical Slang in considering forensic discourse, which, in our opinion, has not yet received a systemic linguistic description. The author of the article presents the results of a communicative-pragmatic analysis of empirical material from fragments of forensic medical discourse. On the basis of theoretical communication and the study of actual linguistic material, some features of the functioning of slang nominations in this discourse were revealed: natural lexico-semantic processes were identified that organize intra-system variation within the thematic group “Slang of a forensic expert”: narrowing and expanding the meanings of slang nominations, activation of semantic transfers. Special attention was paid to the question of interpretation of the most successful nomination for characterizing the described phenomenon. In linguistic research, there is controversy as to which term is the most accurate: «medical jargon», «slang», «professional vernacular», «non-standard vocabulary», etc. In our work we use the term «slang», it seems to us that this term most accurately reflects the content of the studied subject. The reasons for the occurrence of slang words in forensic discourse are analyzed: autonomy of professional communication; saving speech efforts in the process of communication; the psycholinguistic nature of the use of slang nominations. The revealed and interpreted communicative-pragmatic features of forensic discourse allow us to draw the following conclusions: the boundaries of the terminological and non-terminological zones in the space of discourse are mobile; activation of lexical and semantic processes, as a result of which new slang words appear or a rearrangement of the semantic content of existing units occurs. These features allow us to talk about the open nature of the forensic discourse as a cognitive structure.

scholarly journals Speech strategies in pathoanatomic discourse: the communicative aspect

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Nedostup
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Medical Discourse ◽  
Medical Communication ◽  
Rhetorical Strategy ◽  
Diagnostic Strategies ◽  
Pragmatic Analysis ◽  
Empirical Material

The relevance of the work involves the growing interest of linguists to the problem of studying medical discourse as a complex-functional communicative education. In this article, the pathoanatomic subdiscourse, being a lacunar zone in the space of medical discourse, is in focus of our attention. The paper presents the results the author gained through the communicative-pragmatic analysis of empirical material of pathoanatomic subdiscourse fragments. The following speech strategies are described: dominant (preliminary, diagnostic, and explanatory) and complementary (pragmatic, dialogical, and rhetorical). The functions of the preliminary and diagnostic strategies are aimed at intra-medical communication, while the explanatory strategy chiefly intents to build communication with the relatives of the deceased. In turn, the functions of complementary strategies are implemented as follows: a pragmatic strategy is responsible for organizing the goals in terms of communication between the interlocutors, a dialogue strategy assumes responsibility for building a correct and accurate dialogue scenario, a rhetorical strategy allows you to effectively influence the interlocutor. These speech strategies are closely related and embedded into the communicative phenomenon of the pathoanatomic subdiscourse – a manipulative-explanatory strategy targeted to emotionally and comfortably inform the relatives of the deceased about the causes of death. Speech strategies explicate a number of speech tactics, which are expressed through specialized and non-specialized ways of actualization. The revealed and interpreted communicative components of the pathoanatomic subdiscourse allow us to draw the following conclusions: this subdiscourse has specific features (it is structurally and semantically mobile, historically changeable and communicatively asymmetric); actualization of the ways of executing the speech strategies that build the communicative aspect of the pathoanatomic subdiscourse is a complex communicative area of medical discourse that needs further study

scholarly journals Polylinguism and multiculturalism in the communication and educational space

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
Tatyana Lipai ◽  
Evgeniya Khinevich
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Expert Interviews ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Linguistic Material

The problems of the relationship between language and society attract the attention of researchers from different countries representing various scientific areas: philosophy, history, biology, linguistics, theology, pedagogy, psychology, etc. This study actualizes the sociological approach to the study of the social determinants of the formation of polylingualism as a means of professional communication. According to the sociological results, about 70% of the world's population, to one degree or another, speaks two or more languages, which imposes additional obligations on workers providing international professional communications (Beacco, 2002). Modern multilingual interaction should not be one-sidedly understood only as a borrowing of professional foreign language terminology. It includes the social background of the linguistic material: traditions, mimic and pantomimic codes, the national picture of the world - and becomes the most important factor in professionalization. Methods of systemic and functional analysis, comparison. generalization and collection of empirical data (expert interviews, content analysis).

scholarly journals Peculiarities of teaching professionally оriented oral communication of nonlinguistic university senior students

2021 ◽  
pp. 161-169
Author(s):  
N. A. Demchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Oral Communication ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Linguistic Knowledge ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Oral Speech ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
Senior Students ◽  
Linguistic Material

The article deals with the problem of teaching students (for whom foreign language is not a specialty) an oral foreign language professional communication. A number of scholars’ woks, including methodologists and linguists devoted to this topic were analyzed. Numerous studies are dedicated to the problem of teaching oral speech in a nonlinguistic university but most of them are often concern only with the initial stage of education. Less attention is given to the problem of teaching senior students professionally oriented oral communication. Professionally oriented teaching refers to training based on the needs of students in teaching a foreign language dictated by the characteristics of the future profession or specialty. It involves the combination of mastering a professionally oriented foreign language with the development of the personal qualities of students as well as with the acquisition of special skills based on professional and linguistic knowledge. It is necessary to highlight the communicative intentions of business communication among other communicative intentions. A typical example of the natural conditions of communication in the specialty is the defense of master's projects. Oral speech during the defense of master's projects is a conversation, a special type of dialogue between the master and the examiner, which is based on the examiner's questions and the master's answers. This type of communication is typical for other situations of communication between specialists. As a result of the study, we came to the conclusion that the basis of the linguistic material in the specialty can be some complexes of information on certain topics composed of texts of different types of technical literature and presented not only in the form of printed sources but also audiovisual materials. The topics of oral speech, the choice of speech means to a large extent will be determined by the range of so-called selected problem questions-tasks. Training specialists in a non-linguistic university is carried out within a limited time as well as on a rather limited material therefore mastering spontaneous speech is quite problematic.

scholarly journals An Overview of Medical Discourse Studies: Cultural Variation across Genres and Registers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darly Ofica
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Medical Discourse ◽  
Medical Institution ◽  
Cultural Variation ◽  
Pragmatic Analysis ◽  
Communication Interaction ◽  
Discourse Studies ◽  
Language Context ◽  
Medical Side

Discourse is a language context that exists in a dialogue or communication interaction. Discourse is also part of pragmatic analysis. Discourse takes a role in medical side broadly. It exits in medical context about curing, healing, therapy, curative practices, speaking and writing that can help medical institution, social action, and etc. this paper reviews a description about cultural variation in medical discourse and variation between register and genres. This study examines two approaches to analyzing Medical Discourse namely Conversation Analysis (CA) Foucaults’ theory.

scholarly journals An Overview of Medical Discourse Studies: Cultural Variation across Genres and Registers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darly Ofica ◽  
Budianto Hamuddin
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Medical Discourse ◽  
Medical Institution ◽  
Cultural Variation ◽  
Pragmatic Analysis ◽  
Communication Interaction ◽  
Discourse Studies ◽  
Language Context ◽  
Medical Side

Discourse is a language context that exists in a dialogue or communication interaction. Discourse is also part of pragmatic analysis. Discourse takes a role in medical side broadly. It exits in medical context about curing, healing, therapy, curative practices, speaking and writing that can help medical institution, social action, and etc. this paper reviews a description about cultural variation in medical discourse and variation between register and genres. This study examines two approaches to analyzing Medical Discourse namely Conversation Analysis (CA) Foucaults’ theory.

scholarly journals ZOOMORPHIC LEXIS AS A FRAGMENT OF THE CHINESE LINGUISTIC WORLDVIEW (BASED ON CHINESE PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 878-889
Author(s):  
Fatimabibi Daulet ◽  
Farida Orazakynkyzy ◽  
Saule Anuar ◽  
Ashimbay Nurkassym ◽  
Zhanat Zeinolla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Cultural Codes ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
Linguistic System ◽  
Lexical Structure ◽  
Animal Names ◽  
Linguistic Material ◽  
Empirical Material

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the ethnocultural features of the functioning of Chinese phraseological units with zoomorphic components by describing their lingo cultural properties. The Chinese phraseological units with a zoomorphic component from the liuchu (六畜) group — six domestic animals, whose images occupy a special place in Chinese linguoculturology — were used as linguistic material. Methodology: In order to describe the internal form of zoomorphisms, the authors used the following methods: semantic identification, providing the possibility to identify individual phraseological meaning with the lexical structure; cognitive interpretation, which is involved in the "decoding" of cultural codes enclosed in phraseological units; The etymological approach is used to determine the primary sources of zoomorphisms, which are figurative dominants of the studied phraseological units. Main Findings: The authors found that zoonyms as animal names are anthropocentrically oriented and have connotative properties, acting as a means of secondary nomination, they represent an ethnospecific worldview. The authors determined that the ethno specific features of the considered phraseological units are due to the specificity of the linguistic system of the Chinese language, as well as the specifics of the influence of animals on the life of the Chinese ethnos. Applications: The collected empirical material can be used in classes in linguoculturology and intercultural communication; it can be used while writing textbooks, methodological manuals; to create thesauri, phraseological dictionaries, as well as to clarify the national-cultural specificity and functioning of zoononyms in the linguistic worldview. Novelty/Originality: The scientific novelty of the work is due to the insufficient study Chinese phraseological units with the zoonym component. The work makes a certain contribution to solving the problem of the functioning of zoononyms in phraseological units, in particular, the study made it possible to trace the influence of extralinguistic factors, such as geographical and biological, as well as globalization processes.

scholarly journals Artifact Metaphors as Verbal Means of Objectivization of the Concept "Language" in the Philosophical Discourse of W. von Humboldt

2018 ◽  
pp. 177-186
Author(s):  
O. V. Zhujkova
Keyword(s):  
Spiritual Development ◽  
Cognitive Structure ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Great Scientist ◽  
Philosophical Discourse ◽  
Verbal Form ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Empirical Material

The research features the metaphorical representations of the language in the individual author's worldview expressed by W. von Humboldt via artifact metaphors. The linguistic personality of the great scientist remains surprisingly understudied, so it seems important to study the language means of verbalizing the basic concepts in his philosophical discourse. The research concentrates on the verbalization of the phenomenon "Language" by means of artifact metaphors in W. von Humboldt’s "On the Difference of the Structure of Human Languages and its Influence on the Spiritual Development of Mankind" (Über die Verschiedenheit des menschlichen Sprachbaues und ihren Einfluss auf die geistige Entwicklung des Menschengeschlechts, 1836) [1]. The analysis of empirical material included the method of linguocognitive analysis, the method of component analysis based on dictionary definitions, the method of interpretative analysis of contexts, conceptual and semantic-cognitive analysis of artifact metaphors, etc. The article reveals some features of the cognitive structure of the phenomenon "Language" on the basis of artifact metaphors "language as tool" and "language as fabric". As a result of the research, the frame structure of the artifact metaphorical models of the language concept has been revealed, as well as the ontological components of the language structuring various types of slots. The basic frames "language as tool" and "language as fabric" objectify the concept "Language", represented by the metaphorical model "Artifact" in the philosophical discourse of W. van Humboldt. The "language as tool" metaphor explicates the correlation of Language with such phenomena such as Spirit, Thought, andMan.The metaphorical identification of language and instrument explores the mediatory power of language in relation to Nation and Spirit. The "language as fabric" metaphor objectifies language as a complex entity, whose relevant features are anthropological qualities dominated by intellectual and sensualistic components in the diversity of their manifestations. Individuality is one of the dominant epistemological features of the concept "Language", represented by the artifact metaphorical model in W. von Humboldt’s philosophical discourse. The study proves a high degree of metaphoricity of W.vonHumboldt's linguistic worldview as a whole. One of the important concepts in his philosophical discourse is the "character of language". The scientist metaphorically "humanizes" the language, giving it individual features inherent only to human. The character of the language emphasizes the inseparable interdependence of Spirit and Nation, in its turn, being influenced by the external (verbal) form of the language.

scholarly journals MEDICAL PROFESSIONAL DISCOURSE WITHIN THE COGNITIVE LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS FRAMEWORK

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Vishnyakova ◽  
O. D. Vishnyakova ◽  
A. V. Kiseleva
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Medical Professional ◽  
Medical Discourse ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Verbal Interactions ◽  
Patient Functioning ◽  
Professional Discourse ◽  
Cognitive Linguistic ◽  
Discourse Studies ◽  
Doctor Communication

Research into professional discourse is closely connected with the multilayer analysis of ESP within the cognitive linguistic framework. It is very important to consider the anthropocentric focus of the cognitive discursive paradigm and the special attention traditionally paid to the linguistic representation of certain mental structures which serve as a basis for professional communication. Medical discourse studies have a lot to do with the communicative activity involving human life and health, that is why medical discourse needs to be analyzed from the viewpoints of anthropocentric and functional linguistic approaches, as research into various kinds of verbal interactions encompasses both professional communication among specialists and patient-doctor communication, a patient functioning simultaneously as the subject and the recipient of medical aid. As far as specific mental structures are concerned, verbal expressiveness depends on the functional properties of corresponding language units, their pragmatic and communicative characteristics, which tend to be manifested in conceptual metaphorical representation. The aim of this article is to analyze vast empirical material and single out the most significant cognitive linguistic peculiarities of modern English medical discourse. Cognitive linguistic approach allows scientists to define the essence of professional languages as well as to contemplate other research prospects in the context of medical discourse analysis.

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