The Impact Of Adherence To International Auditing Standards In Increasing The Quality Of Audit Services A field study on external audit offices

The study aimed to identify the impact of adherence to the general standards of international auditing and increase the quality of audit services. Where the problem of the study was the collapse of many companies and economic institutions in recent years to filing complaints and judicial disputes against audit offices due to the poor quality of services provided by audit offices, which affected the reputation of the audit profession. Individuals to learn more effectively and use these strategies increased the quality of services provided, commitment to transparency and independence increased investor confidence and raised the level of service provided to the client, the study recommended developing the personal qualities necessary to carry out professional and technical duties throughout the auditor’s working life.

Understanding the Occupational Burnout Experience of Medical Specialists at the Time of Education and Career Launch: A Case Study of the Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Students and Residents of the Alekseev Psychiatric Hospital N1

BACKGROUND: Occupational burnout in the most general terms is seen as a long-lasting stressful situation resulting from continuing occupational stress of moderate intensity. AIM: The objective of this article is to provide analysis of occupational burnout in psychiatrists and nurses of psychiatric hospitals, and the development of occupational burnout in students and residents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The level of occupational burnout was determined using the “Attitude to work and occupational burnout” test, Seashore Group Cohesion Index, Stolin’s Self-Concept Questionnaire, and the Freiburg Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (Freiburg Personality Inventory). The study proved the existence of patterns of occupational burnout in psychiatrists and nurses of psychiatric hospitals, as well as in students and residents. RESULTS: It has been revealed that the development of the burnout syndrome is influenced by personal qualities of psychiatrists and nurses (residents and students), and the managerial features of their activities, and that occupational burnout develops in psychiatrists and nurses over the course of their professional careers, but starts to emerge during their education. The score of the Integrative Burnout Index ranges from 48.99 in students of the [BLINDED] University to 23.52 in psychiatrists of the Alekseev Psychiatric Hospital N1. Occupational burnout syndrome is spread in medical students worldwide, with its level higher than in the overall population, in students of other specialties. CONCLUSIONS: Burnout at the stage of getting the education can hinder the professional development of students, expose patients to risk, and promote the development of various personality problems in future psychiatrists and nurses. The need of preventing professional burnout at the stage of obtaining a specialty has been substantiated.

Reproduction of Human Capital as a Strategic Priority for Sustainable Development of Regions

The main wealth of the country, its main strategic resource that can ensure political, economic, environmental, and spiritual growth, is human capital. Its intellectual, entrepreneurial, and productive potential, the ability to create and accumulate knowledge, implement it in the production of goods and services, develop unique technologies, invent new types of energy, materials, information, etc., is the engine of scientific and technological progress and innovative restructuring of the economy. Investment in human capital, in intelligence, in the health of the nation, in education and science, and in creating conditions for the normal functioning of everyone is a prerequisite not only for improving the quality of life of the people, but also for achieving the Millennium Goals and Sustainable Development Goals, advancing the country’s development, and its social and political stability. The research is aimed at developing theoretical, methodological, and practical provisions for the formation of strategic priorities for sustainable development of territories based on the reproduction of human capital. The theoretical basis was the available scientific works, certain provisions of normative legal acts, international framework documents, in particular from United Nations: Agenda 21 and the report Our Common Future, as well as local studies. The generalization of various scientific points of view regarding the category of human capital allowed us to establish that it is an integral part of its carrier, and therefore, it is proposed to understand as such a set of personal qualities of a person formed, developed, accumulated and preserved as a result of investments in productive abilities, personal qualities and motivational behavior of an individual, as well as the ability to develop and accumulate the necessary qualities that are in his property, which he uses in economic activities and which provides him with a corresponding income. The article substantiates the value of the category human capital for sustainable development. The territorial features of the reproduction of human capital are determined, based on which it is proposed to consider the region as space. It is proved that the reproduction of human capital occurs in the relationship and interdependence with the general periods of the life cycle of the generation, which served to distinguish the four phases of the reproduction of human capital. The architectonics of determining the strategic priorities of sustainable development of territories based on the reproduction of human capital, which is aimed at solving theoretical, methodological, and applied problems, is proposed.

Didactic support of youth project activities and social initiatives

Актуальность статьи обусловлена необходимостью изучения основных характеристик дидактического сопровождения молодежной проектной деятельности и социальных инициатив в контексте возможностей повышения эффективности данной педагогической категории. Цель статьи состоит в рассмотрении основных компонентов дидактики учебной проектной деятельности и социальных инициатив молодежи в единстве целей, организационных принципов, содержания, форм, методов, педагогических условий и алгоритма реализации. Обозначен ресурсный потенциал метода проектов для работы с молодежью, заключающейся в более широком включении студентов в социально-значимую для регионов деятельность в рамках «третьей миссии» университетов. Данные обстоятельства будут содействовать более эффективному раскрытию их образовательно-поискового, научного и творческого потенциала, интеллектуальных и профессионально-деловых личностных качеств (ответственность, инициативность, коммуникабельность, исполнительность, лидерские качества и т.п.). В статье обосновано, что молодежная проектная деятельность предполагает прохождение ее участниками определенного образовательного маршрута, в котором они применяют имеющиеся у них компетенции и навыки проектной деятельности, необходимые для решения реальных прикладных задач проекта. Раскрывается сущность гипотезы: образовательная и социально-проектная деятельность молодежи эффективна, если начинается со студенческих проектов, привязанных к реальным социально-экономическим проблемам территорий их постоянного места проживания (малой Родины), и выступающих в данном аспекте как личностно-познавательный и социально-воспитательный фактор развития профессиональных компетенций, навыков проектной деятельности и коммуникативно-деловой культуры. The relevance of the article is due to the need to study the main characteristics of didactic support of youth project activities and social initiatives in the context of opportunities to increase the effectiveness of this pedagogical category. The purpose of the article is to consider the main components of didactics of educational project activities and social initiatives of youth in the unity of goals, organizational principles, content, forms, methods, pedagogical conditions and implementation algorithm. The resource potential of the project method for working with young people is indicated, which consists in a wider inclusion of students in socially significant activities for the regions within the framework of the "third mission" of universities. These circumstances will contribute to a more effective disclosure of their educational and search, scientific and creative potential, intellectual and professional-business personal qualities. (responsibility, initiative, sociability, performance, leadership qualities, etc.). The article substantiates that youth project activity involves the passage of a certain educational route by its participants, in which they apply their existing competencies and skills of project activity necessary to solve real applied tasks of the project. The essence of the hypothesis is revealed: the educational and socio-project activity of young people is effective if it begins with student projects tied to the real socio-economic problems of the territories of their permanent residence (small homeland), and acting in this aspect as a personal-cognitive and socio-educational factor in the development of professional competencies, project skills and communicative and business culture.

Formation of professional qualities of students of sports universities: a pedagogical problem

Успешная профессиональная деятельность будущих педагогов, бакалавров и специалистов физической культуры и спорта определяется не только наличием определённого уровня знаний, умений и навыков, но и сформированностью таких личностных компонентов как: цели, мотивация, способности, стрессоустойчивость. Соответственно, возникает педагогическая проблема, которая заключается в создании педагогических технологий и соответствующих условий, необходимых для эффективного формирования личностно-профессиональных качеств будущих специалистов сфере физической культуры и спорта. Исходя из данной проблемы, целью данной статьи является определение исходного уровня и состояния профессионально-личностных качеств студентов спортивных вузов, как фактор их готовности к будущей профессиональной деятельности (на примере специализации волейбол и баскетбол ФГБОУ ВО «Поволжский государственный университет физической культуры, спорта и туризма»). Авторы выдвинули гипотезу о том, что уровень сформированности определенных личностных качеств имеет значение при подготовке и обучении студентов профильных спортивных вузов к будущей деятельности. Для подтверждения данной гипотезы было проведено исследование с использованием методик PSM-25 Лемура-Тесье-Филлиона, Т. Элерса, Д.А. Леонтьева. Полученные результаты позволили выявить, что вид спорта и уровень спортивной квалификации влияют на проявление и формирование личностных профессиональных качеств студентов спортивного вуза. Приведенное исследование подтверждает необходимость педагогического обеспечения процесса формирования профессионально-личностных качеств, в том, числе стрессоустойчивость у студентов спортивных вузов (на примере специализации волейбол и баскетбол). Статья предназначена для педагогических кадров, работающих в области подготовки студентов спортивных ВУЗов и СУЗов. Successful professional activity of future teachers, bachelors and specialists of physical culture and sports is determined not only by the presence of a certain level of knowledge, skills and abilities, but also by the formation of such personal components as goals, motivation, abilities, stress resistance. Accordingly, a pedagogical problem arises, which consists in creating pedagogical technologies and appropriate conditions necessary for the effective formation of personal and professional qualities of future specialists in the field of physical culture and sports. Based on this problem, the purpose of this article is to determine the initial level and state of professional and personal qualities of students of sports universities as a factor of their readiness for future professional activity (using the example of the specialization volleyball and basketball of the Volga State University of Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism). The authors hypothesized that the level of formation of certain personal qualities is important in the preparation and training of students of specialized sports universities for future activities. To confirm this hypothesis, a study was conducted using the methods of PSM-25 Lemur-Tessier-Fillion, T. Ehlers, D.A. Leontiev. The results obtained revealed that the type of sport and the level of sports qualifications affect the manifestation and formation of personal professional qualities of students of a sports university. The above study confirms the need for pedagogical support of the process of formation of professional and personal qualities, including stress resistance in students of sports universities (on the example of specialization volleyball and basketball). The article is intended for teaching staff working in the field of training students of sports universities and colleges.

Project Based Learning: from school to university

Необходимым условием существования инновационной экономики является модернизация системы образования как основы социального развития общества. Чтобы развить личностные качества обучающихся, актуальные для решения перспективных задач реального сектора экономики, нужно использовать в образовательной практике технологии, направленные на формирование навыков XXI века. В последние годы большое внимание уделяется развитию метода проектного обучения. Необходимо проанализировать природу данного метода и его основных компонентов, чтобы определить целесообразные способы их применения для школьной и вузовской практики. Целью исследования является анализ особенностей применения проектного обучения на различных этапах образовательной системы. Актуальность данного исследования связана с ростом трансформационных процессов в образовании, направленных на усиление его практикоориентированности. Гипотеза исследования опирается на положение, что увеличение доли проектных технологий при их целенаправленном педагогическом сопровождении в системе образования будет способствовать развитию профессиональных и личностных качеств будущих специалистов, делая их более конкурентоспособными и востребованными на рынке труда. Основное предназначение метода проектов состоит в предоставлении студентам возможности самостоятельного приобретения знаний и умений в процессе решения разноуровневых профессиональных задач. A necessary condition for the existence of an innovative economy is the modernization of the education system as the basis for the social development of society. In order to develop the personal qualities of students that are relevant for solving promising problems in the real sector of the economy, it is necessary to use technologies in educational practice aimed at developing skills of the 21st century. In recent years, much attention has been paid to the development of the project-based teaching method. It is necessary to analyze the nature of this method and its main components in order to determine the appropriate ways of their application for school and university practice. The aim of the study is to analyze the features of the application of project-based learning at various stages of the educational system. The relevance of this study is associated with the growth of transformational processes in education, aimed at strengthening its practice orientation. The research hypothesis is based on the position that an increase in the share of design technologies with their purposeful pedagogical support in the education system will contribute to the development of professional and personal qualities of future specialists, making them more competitive and in demand in the labor market. The main purpose of the project method is to provide students with the opportunity to independently acquire knowledge and skills in the process of solving professional problems of different levels.

Working Together: Cooperation or Collaboration?

Teamwork involves different types of interactions—specifically cooperation and collaboration—that are necessary in education and many other professions. The differences between cooperation and collaboration underline the teacher’s role in influencing group dynamics, which represent both a found­ation for professional design education and a prequalification for students’ competences as teachers and for critical evaluation. As a test case, we focused on the Working Together action-research project in design education for specialised teacher training in design, arts, and crafts at the Oslo Metropolitan University, which included three student groups in the material areas of drawing, ceramics, and textiles. The project developed the participants’ patience, manual skills, creativity, and abilities, which are important personal qualities for design education and innovation and represent cornerstones in almost every design literacy and business environment. The hope is that students will transform these compe­tences to teaching pupils of all ages in their future careers.

Epics about Dobryna Nikitich and Alyosha Popovich in School Study

The article is devoted to a little-studied methodological problem – the study of epics about Dobryna Nikitich and Alyosha Popovich at the lessons of Russian literature in a secondary school. The urgency of this problem lies in the fact that the considered epic stories about Dobryna Nikitich and Alyosha Popovich are still not sufficiently comprehended taking into account the achievements of modern methodological science, the advanced experience of teachers of Russian literature. As you know, epic epics are usually divided into two main cycles: Kiev and Novgorod. For the Kiev cycle of epics, images of three heroes are characteristic - Ilya Muromets, Dobrynya Nikitich and Alyosha Popovich. The named heroes are inseparable in the popular perception. In many epic plots, all three heroes, in difficult battles with the enemies of the Russian land, act together, help each other out. Possessing many similar features, at the same time, each of them is endowed with its own individual and personal qualities, in many respects complement and enrich each other. However, the program on Russian literature for general secondary schools for textual study from the Kiev cycle recommended only epics about Ilya Muromets. As for the epics about Dobryna Nikitich and Alyosha Popovich, they are not provided for by the program for textual study. In this regard, teachers of literature do not consider the study of these epics or limit themselves to a brief retelling of their content. But in the epics about Dobryna Nikitich and Alyosha Popovich, no less vivid and expressive images of heroes are created – the defenders of the Russian land. Acquaintance of schoolchildren with their images, plots and motives will significantly expand the schoolchildren’s ideas about the Kiev cycle of epics, about their differences from Novgorod ones. Based on the foregoing, the author of the article, using the example of studying the epics “Dobryna and the Serpent”, “Alyosha Popovich and Tugarin”, gives the teacher of literature scientifically substantiated, experimentally verified methodological recommendations for their effective study.

The technology of organising the search activity of students of a technical university for the analysis of solutions to applied mathematical problems

The changes taking place in modern society and production naturally have an impact on the education system, making new requirements for it, which are associated not only with the professional qualities of a university graduate, but also with personal ones. These requirements are fixed in the federal state educational standards of higher education in the form of universal and professional competences. One of the directions that will contribute to the formation of personal qualities of a graduate is related to the training of students in search activities. We consider the issues of organising the search activity of students of a technical university in the process of studying higher mathematics. To do this, we have developed a technology for organising students' search activity based on the analysis of solutions to applied mathematical problems. We have identified three stages in the developed technology – preparatory, basic, and final. The goal of each stage is formulated both from the position of the student and from the position of the pedagogue. Also in the article we show an example of the practical implementation of the developed technology of organising the search activity of students of a technical university for the analysis of solutions to applied mathematical problems, which are reduced to calculating a certain integral. The proposed technology of organising students' search activities contributes to the development of their communication skills – students gain experience in preparing a report, presentation, public speaking, learn to answer additional questions, defend and argue their point of view.

The life and existential meaning of the personality of an oncological patient: a meaning analysis of concept

The article discusses the importance of personal psychological resource in the context of cancer. As such an internal resource, we have identified the vital and existential meanings, and we also determined the difference between these two concepts. The analysis of the literature has shown that one of the main problems of psychological science is search for psychological reasons for its loss and the possibility of finding meaning of life again and again rather than understanding it. We also found that a significant role in the acquisition and loss of meanings can be played by the personal qualities, personal attitude towards oneself, towards the world around, the ability to self-responsibility and to responsibility for own life.