scholarly journals Changing fresh fruits and vegetables trade from Turkey to Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozkan Burhan ◽  
Figen Ceylan ◽  
Galina Astratova ◽  
Goksel Akpinar ◽  
Sergey Zalesov
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Export Demand ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
External Demand ◽  
Trade Partner ◽  
Potential Improvement ◽  
Important Trade Partner

The purpose of the study was to assess the changing supply and export of the main types of fresh fruits and vegetables from Turkey to Russia. The task of the research was to analyse the problems that arise during the supply and export period, substantiate these problems and find ways to solve them. Turkey is well endowed with agricultural resources and able to meet external demand after meeting domestic demand especially in terms of fresh fruits and vegetables. Turkey’s main and most important trade partner is Russian Federation, specifically for these products. Accordingly, it is important to evaluate the attachment of the markets considering overall productive capacity and export demand in Russia. The data for main fresh fruits and vegetables being exported from Turkey to Russia was assessed regarding the change in time and potential affecting factors. Main exportable agricultural products selected for evaluation are tomatoes and onions as vegetables and mandarins and grapes as fruits. The yearly adjusted data is withdrawn from the databases of the Food and Agriculture Organisation for production and the United Nations COMTRADE for trade. In the scope of this paper, it was aimed to evaluate changing supplies and exports of main fresh fruits and vegetables to Russia, challenges occurred in time and reasoning behind these challenges, and proposing potential improvement paths. Russia is the main importer of Turkish citrus fruits (mandarins) tomatoes, grapes and onions. It was seen fluctuations in the trade of these products due to marketing conditions including diplomatic situations between the two countries. It should be pointed out that historical contacts and geographical dependency leads to countries to maintain contacts and it was considered as essential to empower both supply and demand sides through cooperation in many areas.

Multipesticide residue method for fruits and vegetables: California Department of Food and Agriculture

1991 ◽  
Vol 339 (6) ◽  
pp. 376-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mark Lee ◽  
Michael L. Papathakis ◽  
Hsiao-Ming C. Feng ◽  
Gary F. Hunter ◽  
Joyce E. Carr
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
California Department ◽  
Food And Agriculture

scholarly journals World Markets for Organic Fruits and Vegetables

EDIS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 2004 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
World Markets ◽  
Trade Center ◽  
Horticultural Products ◽  
Organic Fruit

Pascal Liu and others at the International Trade Center, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, reviewed available literature, conducted surveys and interviewed key players in international organic marketing in 2000 for a report entitled "World Markets for Organic Fruit and Vegetables - Opportunities for Developing Countries in the Production and Export of Organic Horticultural Products."  This fact sheet lists the contents and summarizes the main findings of that report with the intention that this information will aid Florida organic fruit and vegetable growers and others in assessing their export potential for European and Japanese markets. This document is HS977, one of a series of the Horticultural Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Publication date: May 2004. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs213

scholarly journals Demand for Cashew Nut Exports of Guinea-Bissau (1990-2011): VAR Model Application

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio Vicente Cateia
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Impulse Response Function ◽  
Export Demand ◽  
Domestic Price ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Long Run ◽  
External Demand ◽  
Domestic Prices ◽  
World Income

Abstract This study aimed to estimate via VAR the reaction of the export demand for Guinea-Bissau Cashew nuts to the shocks of world income, exchange rate and of the foreign and domestic prices and of the effects of the Civil War, which occurred in the country from 1990 to 2011. The main results obtained by analyzing the impulse response function and variance decomposition, showed that changes in domestic price and exchange rates don’t explain the external demand for this commodity. External demand responds to changes in global income and foreign price. Moreover, the Civil War of 1998 influenced the foreign demand. In the long run, external demand for cashew nuts doesn’t react to shocks in any of the variables in the model.

scholarly journals TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF GRAIN MARKET IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1(13) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Oksana Penkova ◽  
◽  
Andrii Kharenko ◽  
Yurii Tsymbaliuk ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
National Market ◽  
External Demand ◽  
Methods Of Synthesis ◽  
Further Development

Development and deepening of processing of agricultural products, including grains, improvement of its quality characteristics will contribute to increase of employment in rural areas, satisfaction of internal and external demand, increase of foreign exchange receipts in the state and incomes of producers. The aim of the article is to evaluate the prospects for the development of the market for large products in Ukraine, taking into account trends in changes of supply and demand. The methodological basis of the study: the systematic and dialectical approaches and the use of methods of synthesis and analysis in determining the patterns and features of the market for large products in Ukraine. The article analyzes the dynamics and structure of production of grains, identifies the problems of increasing the supply of their main species. The factors of internal and external demand for national grain and future trends of development of this market have been considered. It has been proved that the production volumes of the main grains depend directly on the availability of raw material supply and its quality, the demand for finished products both in the Ukrainian market and from the side of the importing countries of Ukrainian products, as well as the retrospective profitability of the sale of alternative crops. Expansion of national sales in the national market can be achieved through the comprehensive application of non-tariff restrictions that do not conflict with WTO agreements. The scientific novelty of the research is to systematize the factors of formation of demand and supply of large products and to analyze their impact on the market environment. The practical significance of the research lies in identifying the main areas within which the problems of further development of the large industry are generated, which creates the basis for the development of measures to minimize their negative impact. Keywords: grains, grain production, grains market, processing enterprises, grain production.

scholarly journals Research on transformation mode of scientific and technological achievements with different transaction costs: taking the electric power industry as an example

2021 ◽  
Vol 336 ◽  
pp. 09016
Author(s):  
Kaiyan Lei ◽  
Meimei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Innovation Ecosystem ◽  
Direct Transformation ◽  
External Demand ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Coping

Technological innovation and achievement transformation are an important starting point for constructing an industrial innovation ecosystem and coping with hindered external demand. This article starts with the ecological chain of technological achievement transformation, constructs a transaction cost and benefit model of three transformation modes of direct transformation, intermediary participation, and co-construction cooperation, and systematically analyses its transaction costs, benefits, application and the value space of the transaction subject of each mode. With the participation of intermediaries and investors, the "government, industry, university, research, and financial agency" achievement transformation service platform not only reduces transaction costs but also greatly increases returns. Using the advantages of big data and blockchain can obtain more added value than other models, bringing more opportunities for both supply and demand.

Markets, desert, and reciprocity

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Lister
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Marginal Product ◽  
Basic Income ◽  
Marginal Productivity ◽  
Competitive System ◽  
Justice As Fairness ◽  
Theory Of Justice ◽  
Laissez Faire

This article traces John Rawls’s debt to Frank Knight’s critique of the ‘just deserts’ rationale for laissez-faire in order to defend justice as fairness against some prominent contemporary criticisms, but also to argue that desert can find a place within a Rawlsian theory of justice when desert is grounded in reciprocity. The first lesson Rawls took from Knight was that inheritance of talent and wealth are on a moral par. Knight highlighted the inconsistency of objecting to the inheritance of wealth while taking for granted the legitimacy of unequal reward based on differential productive capacity. Rawls agreed that there was an inconsistency, but claimed that it should be resolved by rejecting both kinds of inequality, except to the extent they benefitted the worst off. The second lesson Rawls learned from Knight was that the size of one’s marginal product depends on supply and demand, which depend on institutional decisions that cannot themselves be made on the basis of the principle of rewarding marginal productivity. The article claims that this argument about background justice overstates its conclusion, because the dependence of contribution on institutional setup is not total. Proposals for an unconditional basic income may therefore have a strike against them, as far as a reciprocity-based conception of desert is concerned. If we follow Knight’s analysis of the competitive system, however, so too does the alternative of leaving determination of income up to the market.

scholarly journals Esculent coating of spider silk enhanced the preservation and shelf life of apricot

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Tahir ◽  
N. Pervez ◽  
J. Nadeem ◽  
A. A. Khan ◽  
Z. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Water Loss ◽  
Spider Silk ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Compelling Evidence ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Fungal Attack ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Preservation Technique

Abstract According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), roughly one-third of the total food produced is lost globally. The major cause of this wastage is the perishability of fruits and vegetables. Therefore, researchers have endeavored to develop an effective preservation technique. Our study explored the potential application of spider silk as an odourless and edible preservative coating for fruits. The spider silk was collected from spiders reared in the laboratory, following by degumming and dissolution to formulate the silk solution. For this study, apricots were selected as the model fruit. The apricots were dip coated with the formulated silk solution and allowed to dry. In order to enhance the beta sheet content of the silk coating, the fruits were exposed to water annealing for varying intervals of time under vacuum condition. The effect of silk coating and water annealing time period on preservation of fruits was then evaluated morphologically and gravimetrically. The results showed that the fruits, which were used as control, exhibited a greater degree of water loss and suffered from fungal attack. In contrast, the silk coated fruits showed less water loss and were protected from fungal attack. Therefore, the study provides compelling evidence regarding the application of spider silk as a preservative coating.

The Implications of Closer European Integration for Australia and New Zealand

1990 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 110-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Mayes
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
European Integration ◽  
European Community ◽  
Trade Partner ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Important Trade Partner

The European Community is an important trade partner for Australia and New Zealand taking 15 per cent of Australian exports and 18.5 per cent of New Zealand exports, while supplying 23.5 per cent and 18 per cent respectively of their imports. However, there has been a dramatic transformation during the 1950s, 60s and 70s away from the UK as the dominant partner (tables 1 and 2) especially in the case of New Zealand where the UK's share of exports went from 66 per cent in 1950 to 13 per cent in 1980.

Progress in Enzymatic Membrane Bioreactor: A Review of Research Methodology and Reaction Characteristic

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 2471-2476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Xia ◽  
Tie Jing Ying
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Enzymatic Reaction ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Reaction Characteristic ◽  
Enzymatic Membrane

The enzymatic membrane bioreactor (EMB), which is a combination of a membrane separation process and an enzymatic reaction, is increasingly applied in food and agriculture fields. This article reviews the previous literatures of this topic, and particularly focuses on mathemaitc models which simulate the EMB system behavior and factors restricting EMB performances. The article consists of three parts. The first sector discusses mathematic models of EMB which are mostly derived from Michaelis-Menten equation, Fick’s diffusion law, chemical equilibrium and material balance, and affecting factors whose interactions are revealed by response surface methodology, in order to optimize the parameters of EMB. The second section summarizes the reaction characters of EMB. Finally, the future research areas of EMB are proposed.

scholarly journals BARRIERS TO EXPORT FROM INDIA TO THE EUROPEAN UNION

Ekonomika ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mangal Bhausaheb Chaudhari ◽  
Vincent Giedraitis ◽  
Pankaj Kapse
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Access Problems ◽  
Trade Partner ◽  
Phytosanitary Measures ◽  
Important Trade Partner ◽  
Health Regulations

India is an important trade partner for the European Union. The European Union’s export to India is higher relative to India’s export to the European Union. An analysis of barriers is needed for international trade as it may assist in finding out why exporters are not able to exploit their full potential. The main goal of this research is to analyze the barriers faced by Indian exporters during export to the European Union. This research was done by an empirical investigation of barriers’ perception by Indian exporters. A literature review was also done to enlist the barriers faced by exporters. Analysis of data was done with the help of SPSS (Version 20) software.While previous researches talk about the most common barriers, this research talks about all the possible ones, i.e. common as well as naturally existing, and finds the major ones. This research has shown that exporters have a significant feeling for governmental regulations, customs procedure and licensing, technical standards and health regulations, sanitary and phytosanitary measures, and certification as the major barriers to export. There are some naturally existing barriers to the trade among which labeling and packaging, and market access problems are the major barriers to export.Decreasing the strength of these barriers will lead to an increase in export as exporters are ready to export more from India to the European Union if these barriers will be removed or the strength of these barriers will be less. Also, due to the low barriers, non-exporters will start export, and the increase in export will lead to the economic growth of India.

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