scholarly journals Genetic Diversity in Haploid Nicotiana alata Induced by Gamma Irradiation, Salt Tolerance and Detection of These Differences by RAPD

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman EL-FIKI ◽  
Abdel-Hadi SAYED ◽  
Gamal EL-METABTEB ◽  
Mohamed ADLY
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Polymorphic Band ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Nicotiana Alata ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Band Number

Haploid plants of Nicotiana alata were cultured in vitro on MS medium with IAA + KIN. The resulting plantlets were irradiated using gamma radiation doses of 10, 15, 20 and 25 Gy. Single node pieces were cut and transferred onto fresh MS medium. Gamma radiation doses caused the death of 9% and up to 28% of explants. NaCl concentrations caused the death of 8% up to 36% of explants, while the combined effect between gamma radiation doses and salinity had an impact suffused on the percentage of survival. The combined effect of gamma radiation doses 20 Gy and 25 Gy on NaCl concentrations of 100, 150 and 200 mM were deadly. Even more, the combined effect of gamma radiation doses and salinity had a severe negative impact on both the proline content and total soluble protein. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to determine the degree of genetic variation in treated haploid Nicotiana alata plants. Total genomic DNAs from different haploid plantlets treated were amplified using five arbitrary primers. Two hundred and seventy bands were detected from plantlets irradiated with doses of 15, 20 and 25 Gy, with polymorphic band number 226 (83.7%). The total number of bands resulted from plant grew on 150 mM and 200 mM NaCl were 260 bands with polymorphic bands 185 (85.6%). However, the total number of bands produced from combined effects between gamma rays and salinity (20 Gy X 50 mM NaCl, 20 Gy X 100 mM NaCl and 25 Gy X 50 mM NaCl) were 270, with polymorphic band number 231 (85.5%). High similarity between treatments was revealed. Treatments relationships were estimated through cluster analysis (UPGMA) based on RAPD data.

scholarly journals Androgenesis Induced in Nicotiana alata and the Effect of Gamma Irradiation

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Ayman EL-FIKI ◽  
Gamal EL-METABTEB ◽  
Abdel-Hadi SAYED ◽  
Mohamed ADLY
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Soluble Proteins ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Nicotiana Alata ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Anther Length ◽  
Gamma Radiation Dose ◽  
Haploid Plants

Nicotiana alata anthers cultured on different modified media based on MS, MT and N were used to obtain haploid plants through direct and indirect ways. The haploid plants resulting on MS medium ranged from 52% - 80%, on MT medium ranged from 32% - 52% and on N medium ranged from 28% - 44%. Accordingly, the best medium used for haploid induction was MS supplemented with 0.2 mgl-l NAA + 0.5 mgl-l KIN. On the other hand, MS medium supplemented with 0.4 mgl-l NAA + 0.5 mgl-l KIN or 1.0 mgl-l BAP + 0.5 mgl-l NAA were the best mediums for callus induction and plant regeneration, respectively. Morphologically, the leaf size, stem highest and diameter, flower size and diameter, anther length and number were about 67% of the diploid plants growth. Irradiated anthers with doses of 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 Gy caused reducing the number of haploid plants with increasing gamma radiation dose. For the haploid plants irradiated with same doses, the mortality percentage of bud survival was increasing with increasing gamma radiation dose. The irradiated callus with doses of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 Gy was affected negatively on growth rate and morphology. Proline content in irradiated plantlets increased with increasing gamma radiation dose. As well, total soluble protein content was increased with gamma irradiation up to 10 Gy. However, the higher doses caused a severe decrease of total soluble proteins. The production of proline and total soluble proteins in haploid plants were 48.6% and 69.5%, respectively comparing with diploid plants.

scholarly journals Molecular Diversity Analysis of Two in vitro and Irradiated Potato Varieties Expressed by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman El-FIKI ◽  
Zakia ADAM ◽  
Thoria MOHAMED ◽  
Shimaa SOBIEH ◽  
Amal SALAH
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Polymorphic Bands ◽  
Radiation Treatments

Potato buds cvs. ҅Valor’ and ‘Spunta’ were cultured in vitro on MS solid medium with 0.2 mg -1 BAP. The resulting plantlets were irradiated with gamma radiation doses 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 Gy. Irradiated segments were transferred onto fresh MS with BAP and plantlets survival percentage was calculated after eight weeks. Gamma radiation caused the death of 3.8% to 81% in cv. ҅Spunta’ and 2.9% to 83.9% in cv. ҅Valor’. Microtubers produced from irradiated plantlets were decreased with increasing gamma radiation doses, with notable changes in shape, size and numbers. The proline contents in irradiated plantlets were steady increase with gamma radiation doses. The genomic DNA of the two cultivars and ten radiation treatments was amplified with 10 RAPD primers that generated 53 polymorphic bands. The highest number of genetic identity was 0.9672 showed between irradiated plantlets with 20 and 30 Gy in cv. ҅Valor’. However, the highest genetic distance was 0.3995 observed between irradiated plantlets with dose 20 Gy in cv. ҅Valor’ and 30 Gy in cv. ҅Spunta’. The dendrogram generated by cluster analysis distinguished the irradiated plantlets genetically.

EVALUATION OF PTYCHOBOTHRIDEAN CESTODES USING RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA (RAPD) MARKERS FROM FRESH WATER FISHES IN GODAVARI BASIN (M.S.) INDIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SUNITA BORDE ◽  
ASAWARI FARTADE ◽  
AMOL THOSAR ◽  
RAHUL KHAWAL
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Band Pattern ◽  
Genomic Variation ◽  
Polymorphic Band ◽  
Rapd Profile ◽  
Band Size ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
The Common

Ptychobothridean genera like Senga and Circumoncobothrium are the common parasites of fresh water fishes. The genotypic study of these parasites was taken by RAPD. The RAPD profile of these two parasites were not similar to each other as depicted by the band pattern in picture. These results suggest the presence of inter-specific polymorphism among cestode parasites of two different genera for RAPD analysis. The present study demonstrated that genetic differentiation of cestode parasites could be accomplished on the basis of genomic variation with polymorphic band pattern using RAPD. All the detected bands (PCR product) were polymorphic and band size ranged from 500-5000 bp in length. The RAPD of profiles using GBO-31, GBO-32, GBO-33, GBO-34, GBO-35 and GBO-36. Primers were able to characterize inter-specific polymorphism among the two genus ( Senga and Circumoncobothrium ). Genetic analysis suggests that Senga and Circumoncobothrium show genetic diversity with respect to RAPD patterns using all the six primers used for the present study. The genetic distance between the analyzed genuses ranged from 0.14 to 0.80. The differentiation of the two parasites on the basis of genetic markers could greatly facilitate study on the biology of these parasites.

EVALUATION OF GAMMA RADIATION DOSES IN SOIL USING THE MONTE CARLO SIMULATION

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1355-1360
Author(s):  
Clement Ionescu ◽  
Liana Simona Sbirna ◽  
Monica Daniela Mateescu ◽  
Clementina Sabina Moldovan ◽  
Sebastian Sbirna
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Radiation Doses

Transport of escherichia coli through soil to groundwater traced by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 351-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rothmaier ◽  
A. Weidenmann ◽  
K. Botzenhart
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Test Field ◽  
Liquid Manure ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Rapd Pattern ◽  
Geological Situation ◽  
Different Strains

Isolates (50) of E. coli obtained from liquid manure (20 bovine, 20 porcine) were genotyped using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Typing revealed 9 and 14 different strains in bovine and porcine liquid manure respectively with no strains in common. One porcine strain, showing a simple RAPD pattern, was subcultured and spread on a test field (1.5l/m2 at 1010 cfu/l) in a drinking water protection zone with loamy to sandy sediments in the Donauried area, Baden-Wurttemberg. Soil samples and groundwaters were collected at monthly intervals October 1994 – June 1995 during which 114 E. coli isolates were recovered. The first occurrence and maximum concentration of E. coli in soil samples taken from more than 20cm depth was in January 1995, declining rapidly with depth and time. All isolates from soil and only one from groundwater showed the RAPD pattern of the spread E. coli strain. The results could not demonstrate a severe negative impact of the spreading of liquid manure on the bacteriological quality of the groundwater in the given geological situation. The distinct strain patterns found in different kinds of liquid manure suggest that genotyping of E. coli by RAPD may be an adequate tool for tracing sources of faecal contamination.

Crystal growth and thermoluminescence response of NaZr2(PO4)3 at high gamma radiation doses

2013 ◽  
Vol 443 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 417-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ordóñez-Regil ◽  
A. Contreras-Ramírez ◽  
S.M. Fernández-Valverde ◽  
P.R. González-Martínez ◽  
H. Carrasco-Ábrego
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
High Gamma

Effect of Gamma Radiation on the Reduction of Salmonella strains, Listeria monocytogenes, and Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli and Sensory Evaluation of Minimally Processed Spinach (Tetragonia expansa)

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (10) ◽  
pp. 1768-1772 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANA CAROLINA B. REZENDE ◽  
MARIA CRYSTINA IGARASHI ◽  
MARIA TERESA DESTRO ◽  
BERNADETTE D. G. M. FRANCO ◽  
MARIZA LANDGRAF
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Minimally Processed ◽  
Tetragonia Expansa ◽  
Effects Of Irradiation On ◽  
Spinach Leaves

This study evaluated the effects of irradiation on the reduction of Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli (STEC), Salmonella strains, and Listeria monocytogenes, as well as on the sensory characteristics of minimally processed spinach. Spinach samples were inoculated with a cocktail of three strains each of STEC, Salmonella strains, and L. monocytogenes, separately, and were exposed to gamma radiation doses of 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 kGy. Samples that were exposed to 0.0, 1.0, and 1.5 kGy and kept under refrigeration (4°C) for 12 days were submitted to sensory analysis. D10-values ranged from 0.19 to 0.20 kGy for Salmonella and from 0.20 to 0.21 for L. monocytogenes; for STEC, the value was 0.17 kGy. Spinach showed good acceptability, even after exposure to 1.5 kGy. Because gamma radiation reduced the selected pathogens without causing significant changes in the quality of spinach leaves, it may be a useful method to improve safety in the fresh produce industry.

SOME EFFECTS OF GAMMA RADIATION ON THE STORAGE LIFE OF FRESH STRAWBERRIES

1964 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. B. Heeney ◽  
W. M. Rutherford ◽  
K. F. MacQueen
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Storage Life ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Fungal Development ◽  
Radiation Treatments ◽  
Storage Temperatures

The effects of gamma radiation doses of 110,000, 220,000, and 330,000 rad on the storage life and quality of two varieties of strawberries stored at 40°, 55°, and 70° F were studied. Results indicated that a dose of 330,000 rad prevented fungal development of the Redcoat variety stored for 26 days at 40° F. The fungal-free period was sharply reduced at lower radiation doses or at higher storage temperatures. Under the conditions of this trial there was no apparent effect of radiation on appearance or texture of fruit.In organoleptic tests in the first two weeks of storage observers were not able to differentiate between radiation treatments. There was some preference for treated berries as the storage period increased. After 20 days the flavor of the fruit deteriorated very rapidly and it soon became commercially unacceptable.

scholarly journals 0873 Obstructive Sleep Apnea Impacts Brain Development in Obese Children and Adolescents: An MRI Study

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A333-A333
Author(s):  
F Sarzetto ◽  
T Naik ◽  
I Narang ◽  
A Kassner
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Brain Structure And Function ◽  
Mri Study

Abstract Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a breathing disorder characterized by episodes of nocturnal hypoxia and chronic systemic inflammation, affecting more than 50% of obese youths. Both obesity and OSA independently have a negative impact on brain structure and function, but their combined effect on the developing brain is unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess MRI measurements of cortical thickness (CT) in obese youths with various degrees of OSA severity. We hypothesized that CT is abnormal in obese adolescents with OSA. Methods 55 obese subjects (26 females, 29 males, mean 14.3 ± 2.4 years) were included in the analysis. All subjects were assessed with polysomnography (PSG) to evaluate presence and severity of OSA. T1-weighted MPRAGE images were acquired using a 3T MRI scanner following PSG. CT was extracted using the CIVET 2.1.1 pipeline, and statistical analysis was performed on SurfStat to examine global and regional CT in relation to age using a general linear model. Results Based on PSG outcome, subjects were divided into 3 groups, no OSA (OAHI < 1.5 events/hr., n = 15), mild OSA (OAHI < 5, n = 14), and moderate/severe OSA (OAHI ≥ 5, n = 26). Cortical thickness analysis revealed a negative-trending correlation between global CT and age in no OSA (T = -0.49, P > 0.6), as seen in typical development. This correlation weakened in the presence of mild OSA (T = -0.20, P > 0.8) and became significantly positive in moderate/severe OSA (T = 3.87, P = 0.001), affecting several cortical areas. Conclusion These results indicate that brain development in obese adolescents with moderate/severe OSA significantly deviates from the typical trajectory of cortical thinning. This thickening could be due to exacerbated inflammation from the combined effect of both diseases, or a neurotrophic effect of leptin. More data is needed to validate these findings. Support None

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