scholarly journals Introduction pages

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 10926
Author(s):  
Radu E. SESTRAS
Keyword(s):  
Life Science ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Methanol Fraction ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Pachyrhizus Erosus ◽  
Natural Pesticides ◽  
Selection For

Notulae Scientia Biologicae (http://www.notulaebiologicae.ro), Issue 1, Volume 13, 2021: The papers published in this issue represent interesting novelties in different topics of life science. Among the exciting researches or reviews, we invite readers to find news about: Phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of Saponaria officinalis L.; The Spanish chamomile (Anacyclus pyrethrum) and pyrethrum (Tanacetum cineraiifolium): organic and natural pesticides and treasure of medicinal herbs; Prophylactic effect of the aqueous extract of Pimpinella anisum on the behavior of Wistar rats exposed to mercury; Anti-ulcer property of methanol fraction of Callichilia subsessilis leaf extract in albino rats; Nesting tree selection by scattered heronry birds of drought prone Northern Bankura, West Bengal, India: preference of Phoenix sylvestris near wetland-associated habitats; Explants selection for in vitro propagation of Pachyrhizus erosus L.; Silene thymifolia Sibth. et Sm. (Caryophyllaceae) – A vulnerable species in Romania: Anatomical aspects of vegetative organs.   Announcement: From Volume 13, Issue 1, 2021, Notulae Scientia Biologicae journal will use article numbers in place of the traditional method of continuous pagination through the volume. This step helps us to maintain a rapid, efficient production process by being able to define pagination as soon as a paper is accepted. For papers that use article numbers, the page number of full-text articles will start from 1 to the last page and the citation needs only to list the article number, consequently, instead of the classic style of the journal citation.

scholarly journals Ribosome display: a potent display technology used for selecting and evolving specific binders with desired properties

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruowei Li ◽  
Guangbo Kang ◽  
Min Hu ◽  
He Huang
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Life Science ◽  
Yeast Display ◽  
Ribosome Display ◽  
Science Field ◽  
Display Technology ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Display Systems ◽  
Development Prospects

Currently, a variety of display technologies have been developed in the life science field, such as phage display, ribosome display, and yeast display. Many studies have found that display technologies are powerful and universal methods when they are combined with large genetically encoded binder libraries, which results in the generation of high-performance binders against nearly any antigen interested. As a result, display technologies are widely applied to molecular biology, clinic and medicine. Ribosome display based on cell-free display systems has been established as a different type of technology for 23 years until now. Compared to other related methods, ribosome display possesses unique advantages and is successfully exploited to the selection for functional and specific binders in vitro, exhibiting potent development prospects. Here in this paper, we will review the theories and advantages of ribosome display, and will highlight how it is being used now to select and evolve functional proteins as well as applications in diagnostics and therapeutics.

scholarly journals Assessment of In-vitro Wound Healing Activity of the Tinospora crispa Extracts

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Santalaxme Vijendren
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
Scientific Validity ◽  
Coarse Powder ◽  
Methanol Fraction ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Wound Healing Activity

Wound healing is a complex and dynamic process which follows the normal physiology trajectory through the phases of homeostasis, inflammation, granulation and maturation. Malaysia has a rich collection of plant based healing. A large number of plants are used for the treatment of cuts and wounds by folklore traditions in Malaysia. Tinospora crispa Miers. (Menispermaceae) is popular in Asian countries for its miracle of curing diseases. T.crispa differs slightly from T.cordifolia which is well distributed in India. Considerable researches have reported the activity of this plant possessing anti-malarial, diabetes treatment etc. In Malaysia, it is used traditionally for wound healing. Hence, the present study was aimed to evaluate its scientific validity. Stems of the plant were air dried after reduced into smaller size. Dried stems were then crushed into coarse powder. Then it was introduced into methanolfor extraction by cold maceration technique. The extract was filteredafter 7 days andfractionatedwith addition of chloroform. The methanol and chloroform fractions were made to evaporate until concentrated and formulated into ointments.Albino rats were separated into four groups of six rats in each group.All four groups were divided and served as a control, methanol fraction, chloroform fraction and standard drug (Betadine) respectively. The methanol extract and chloroform extract were investigated for the evaluation of its healing efficiency on excision wound model in Albino rats. Woundclosure in percentage was used to evaluate the effect on wound healing.The methanol fraction and chloroform fraction showed a significant wound healing activity which was well comparable with the standard drug used. Methanol fraction ointment showed greater activity than chloroform fraction. This study indicated that the methanol fraction ointment possesses wound healing property which substantiates the folklore claim.

scholarly journals Ribosome display: a potent display technology used for selecting and evolving specific binders with desired properties

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruowei Li ◽  
Guangbo Kang ◽  
Min Hu ◽  
He Huang
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Life Science ◽  
Yeast Display ◽  
Ribosome Display ◽  
Science Field ◽  
Display Technology ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Display Systems ◽  
Development Prospects

Currently, a variety of display technologies have been developed in the life science field, such as phage display, ribosome display, and yeast display. Many studies have found that display technologies are powerful and universal methods when they are combined with large genetically encoded binder libraries, which results in the generation of high-performance binders against nearly any antigen interested. As a result, display technologies are widely applied to molecular biology, clinic and medicine. Ribosome display based on cell-free display systems has been established as a different type of technology for 23 years until now. Compared to other related methods, ribosome display possesses unique advantages and is successfully exploited to the selection for functional and specific binders in vitro, exhibiting potent development prospects. Here in this paper, we will review the theories and advantages of ribosome display, and will highlight how it is being used now to select and evolve functional proteins as well as applications in diagnostics and therapeutics.

Improvement of effectiveness in maize breeding

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Pepó
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Selection For

Plant regeneration via tissue culture is becoming increasingly more common in monocots such as maize (Zea mays L.). Pollen (gametophytic) selection for resistance to aflatoxin in maize can greatly facilitate recurrent selection and the screening of germplasm for resistance at much less cost and in a shorter time than field testing. In vivo and in vitro techniques have been integrated in maize breeding programmes to obtain desirable agronomic attributes, enhance the genes responsible for them and speed up the breeding process. The efficiency of anther and tissue cultures in maize and wheat has reached the stage where they can be used in breeding programmes to some extent and many new cultivars produced by genetic manipulation have now reached the market.

Divergent Selection for In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility in Smooth Bromegrass 1

Crop Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1123-1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Ehlke ◽  
M. D. Casler ◽  
P. N. Drolsom ◽  
J. S. Shenk
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Divergent Selection ◽  
Smooth Bromegrass ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Selection For

Novel Phytochemical Constituents and their Potential to Manage Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaik Ibrahim Khalivulla ◽  
Arifullah Mohammed ◽  
Kokkanti Mallikarjuna
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Large Population ◽  
World Health ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Chemical Structures

Background: Diabetes is a chronic disease affecting a large population worldwide and stands as one of the major global health challenges to be tackled. According to World Health Organization, about 400 million are having diabetes worldwide and it is the seventh leading cause of deaths in 2016. Plant based natural products had been in use from ancient time as ethnomedicine for the treatment of several diseases including diabetes. As a result of that, there are several reports on plant based natural products displaying antidiabetic activity. In the current review, such antidiabetic potential compounds reported from all plant sources along with their chemical structures are collected, presented and discussed. This kind of reports are essential to pool the available information to one source followed by statistical analysis and screening to check the efficacy of all known compounds in a comparative sense. This kind of analysis can give rise to few numbers of potential compounds from hundreds, whom can further be screened through in vitro and in vivo studies, and human trails leading to the drug development. Methods: Phytochemicals along with their potential antidiabetic property were classified according to their basic chemical skeleton. The chemical structures of all the compounds with antidiabetic activities were elucidated in the present review. In addition to this, the distribution and their other remarkable pharmacological activities of each species is also included. Results: The scrutiny of literature led to identification of 44 plants with antidiabetic compounds (70) and other pharmacological activities. For the sake of information, the distribution of each species in the world is given. Many plant derivatives may exert antidiabetic properties by improving or mimicking the insulin production or action. Different classes of compounds including sulfur compounds (1-4), alkaloids (5-11), phenolic compounds (12-17), tannins (18-23), phenylpropanoids (24-27), xanthanoids (28-31), amino acid (32), stilbenoid (33), benzofuran (34), coumarin (35), flavonoids (36-49) and terpenoids (50-70) were found to be active potential compounds for antidiabetic activity. Of the 70 listed compounds, majorly 17 compounds are from triterpenoids, 13 flavonoids and 7 are from alkaloids. Among all the 44 plant species, maximum number (7) of compounds are reported from Lagerstroemia speciosa followed by Momordica charantia (6) and S. oblonga with 5 compounds. Conclusion: This is the first paper to summarize the established chemical structures of phytochemicals that have been successfully screened for antidiabetic potential and their mechanisms of inhibition. The reported compounds could be considered as potential lead molecules for the treatment of type-2 diabetes. Further, molecular and clinical trials are required to select and establish the therapeutic drug candidates.

Ethnomedicinal uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Aspects of the Genus Berberis Linn: A Comprehensive Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roohi Mohi-ud-din ◽  
Reyaz Hassan Mir ◽  
Prince Ahad Mir ◽  
Saeema Farooq ◽  
Syed Naiem Raza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Uses

Background: Genus Berberis (family Berberidaceae), which contains about 650 species and 17 genera worldwide, has been used in folklore and various traditional medicine systems. Berberis Linn. is the most established group among genera with around 450-500 species across the world. This comprehensive review will not only help researchers for further evaluation but also provide substantial information for future exploitation of species to develop novel herbal formulations. Objective: The present review is focussed to summarize and collect the updated review of information of Genus Berberis species reported to date regarding their ethnomedicinal information, chemical constituents, traditional/folklore use, and reported pharmacological activities on more than 40 species of Berberis. Conclusion: A comprehensive survey of the literature reveals that various species of the genus possess various phytoconstituents mainly alkaloids, flavonoid based compounds isolated from different parts of a plant with a wide range of pharmacological activities. So far, many pharmacological activities like anti-cancer, anti-hyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory both in vitro & in vivo and clinical study of different extracts/isolated compounds of different species of Berberis have been reported, proving their importance as a medicinal plant and claiming their traditional use.

Synthesis and antioxidant activity of new selenium-containing quinolines

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedetta Bocchini ◽  
Bruna Goldani ◽  
Fernanda S.S. Sousa ◽  
Paloma T. Birmann ◽  
Cesar A. Brüning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Antioxidant Agents

Background: Quinoline derivatives have been attracted much attention in drug discovery and synthetic derivatives of these scaffolds present a range of pharmacological activities. Therefore, organoselenium compounds are valuable scaffolds in organic synthesis because their pharmacological activities and their use as versatile building blocks for regio-, chemio-and stereoselective reactions. Thus, the synthesis of selenium-containing quinolines has great significance, and their applicability range from simple antioxidant agents, to selective DNA-binding and photocleaving agents. Objective: In the present study we describe the synthesis and antioxidant activity in vitro of new 7-chloroN(arylselanyl)quinolin-4-amines 5 by the reaction of 4,7-dichloroquinoline 4 with (arylselanyl)-amines 3. Methods: For the synthesis of 7-chloro-N(arylselanyl)quinolin-4-amines 5, we performed the reaction of (arylselanyl)- amines 3 with 4,7-dichloroquinoline 4 in the presence of Et3N at 120 °C in a sealed tube. The antioxidant activities of the compounds 5 were evaluated by the following in vitro assays: 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, 2,2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), nitric oxide (NO) scavenging and superoxide dismutase-like activity (SOD-Like). Results: 7-Chloro-N(arylselanyl)quinolin-4-amines 5a-d has been synthesized in yields ranging from 68% to 82% by the reaction of 4,7-dichloroquinoline 4 with arylselanyl-amines 3a-d using Et3N as base, at 120 °C, in a sealed tube for 24 hours and tolerates different substituents, such as -OMe and -Cl, in the arylselanyl moiety. The obtained compounds 5a-d presented significant results with respect to the antioxidant potential, which had effect in the tests of inhibition of radical’s DPPH, ABTS+ and NO, as well as in the test that evaluates the capacity (FRAP) and in the superoxide dismutase-like activity assay (SOD-Like). It is worth mentioning that 7-chloro-N(arylselanyl)quinolin-4-amine 5b presented excellent results, demonstrating a better antioxidant capacity when compared to the others. Conclusion: According to the obtained results 7-chloro-N(arylselanyl)quinolin-4-amines 5 were synthesized in good yields by the reaction of 4,7-dichloroquinoline with arylselanyl-amines and tolerates different substituents in the arylselanyl moiety. The tested compounds presented significant antioxidant potential in the tests of inhibition of DPPH, ABTS+ and NO radicals, as well as in the FRAP and superoxide dismutase-like activity assays (SOD-Like).

Nyctanthes Arbor-Tristis and its Role in the Alleviation of Arthritic Pain: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1147-1156
Author(s):  
Ruchi Singh ◽  
Syed M. Hasan ◽  
Amit Verma ◽  
Sanjay K. Panda
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Plant Distribution ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Modern Drug ◽  
Active Chemical ◽  
Drug Synthesis ◽  
New Compounds

Background: A plant is a reservoir of potentially useful active chemical entities which act as drugs as well as intermediates for the discovery of newer molecules and provide newer leads for modern drug synthesis. The demand for new compounds in the field of medicine and biotechnology is centuries old and with a rise in chronic diseases and resistance to existing drugs in the field of anti-infective agents, the chemicals obtained from plant sources have been an area of attraction. The whole plant has possessed multiple pharmacological activities. This is scientifically established by in-vivo and in-vitro studies. Methods: Various electronic databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Google were searched to collect the data of the present review. All the collected information is categorized into different sections as per the aim of the paper. Results: Fifty-six research and review papers have been studied and were included in this review article. After a detailed study, we provide a significant description of various phytochemicals present in Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn., which is responsible for various pharmacological activities. Twenty of studied articles gives a general introduction and ethnobotanical information about the plant, two papers contained microscopic detail of leaf and fruit. Twenty papers contained information about the phytoconstituents present in different parts of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis plant and fourteen articles reported pharmacological activities like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiarthritic, antimicrobial and immunobiotic activity. Conclusion: This review explores the published research work comprising the ethnobotanical description of the subjected plant, distribution, phytochemical profile, and arthritis-related pharmacological activities.

Synthesis, Characterization and in vivo Evaluation of PEGylated PPI Dendrimer for Safe and Prolonged Delivery of Insulin

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish K. Parashar ◽  
Preeti Patel ◽  
Arun K. Gupta ◽  
Neetesh K. Jain ◽  
Balak Das Kurmi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Sustained Delivery ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Hemolytic Toxicity

Background: The present study was aimed at developing and exploring the use of PEGylated Poly (propyleneimine) dendrimers for the delivery of an anti-diabetic drug, insulin. Methods: For this study, 4.0G PPI dendrimer was synthesized by successive Michael addition and exhaustive amidation reactions, using ethylenediamine as the core and acrylonitrile as the propagating agent. Two different activated PEG moieties were employed for PEGylation of PPI dendrimers. Various physicochemical and physiological parameters UV, IR, NMR, TEM, DSC, drug entrapment, drug release, hemolytic toxicity and blood glucose level studies of both PEGylated and non- PEGylated dendritic systems were determined and compared. Results: PEGylation of PPI dendrimers caused increased solubilization of insulin in the dendritic framework as well as in PEG layers, reduced drug release and hemolytic toxicity as well as increased therapeutic efficacy with reduced side effects of insulin. These systems were found to be suitable for sustained delivery of insulin by in vitro and blood glucose-level studies in albino rats, without producing any significant hematological disturbances. Conclusion: Thus, surface modification of PPI dendrimers with PEG molecules has been found to be a suitable approach to utilize it as a safe and effective nano-carrier for drug delivery.

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