Novel Approaches of Oxidative Stress Mechanisms in the Multiple Sclerosis Pathophysiology and Therapy

2017 ◽  
pp. 155-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bozena Adamczyk ◽  
◽  
Natalia Niedziela ◽  
Monika Adamczyk-Sowa ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Novel Approaches

scholarly journals Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress, cAMP Signalling and Apoptosis: A Crossroads in Lymphocytes of Multiple Sclerosis, a Possible Role of Nutraceutics

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Anna Signorile ◽  
Anna Ferretta ◽  
Maddalena Ruggieri ◽  
Damiano Paolicelli ◽  
Paolo Lattanzio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Apoptosis Resistance ◽  
Nutraceutical Compounds ◽  
Camp Pathway ◽  
Central Nervous Systems ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex inflammatory and neurodegenerative chronic disease that involves the immune and central nervous systems (CNS). The pathogenesis involves the loss of blood–brain barrier integrity, resulting in the invasion of lymphocytes into the CNS with consequent tissue damage. The MS etiology is probably a combination of immunological, genetic, and environmental factors. It has been proposed that T lymphocytes have a main role in the onset and propagation of MS, leading to the inflammation of white matter and myelin sheath destruction. Cyclic AMP (cAMP), mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress exert a role in the alteration of T lymphocytes homeostasis and are involved in the apoptosis resistance of immune cells with the consequent development of autoimmune diseases. The defective apoptosis of autoreactive lymphocytes in patients with MS, allows these cells to perpetuate, within the CNS, a continuous cycle of inflammation. In this review, we discuss the involvement in MS of cAMP pathway, mitochondria, reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, and their interaction in the alteration of T lymphocytes homeostasis. In addition, we discuss a series of nutraceutical compounds that could influence these aspects.

scholarly journals Paraoxonase Role in Human Neurodegenerative Diseases

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Cadiele Oliana Reichert ◽  
Debora Levy ◽  
Sergio P. Bydlowski
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Structural Homology ◽  
Redox Systems ◽  
Genetic Cluster ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

The human body has biological redox systems capable of preventing or mitigating the damage caused by increased oxidative stress throughout life. One of them are the paraoxonase (PON) enzymes. The PONs genetic cluster is made up of three members (PON1, PON2, PON3) that share a structural homology, located adjacent to chromosome seven. The most studied enzyme is PON1, which is associated with high density lipoprotein (HDL), having paraoxonase, arylesterase and lactonase activities. Due to these characteristics, the enzyme PON1 has been associated with the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Here we update the knowledge about the association of PON enzymes and their polymorphisms and the development of multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD).

The effects of whole-body cryotherapy on oxidative stress in multiple sclerosis patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 406-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Miller ◽  
MaŁgorzata Mrowicka ◽  
Katarzyna Malinowska ◽  
Jerzy Mrowicki ◽  
Joanna Saluk-Juszczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
Whole Body Cryotherapy

Balanced oxidative stress index in spite of decreased uric acid levels in multiple sclerosis patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Aydin ◽  
F. Kurtulus ◽  
E. Eren ◽  
H. Y. Ellidag ◽  
N. Yılmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Oxidative Stress Index ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Immunopathological Mechanisms and Oxidative Stress Damage in Multiple Sclerosis

2014 ◽  
pp. 549-588
Author(s):  
Sayonara Oliveira ◽  
Ana Kallaur ◽  
Damacio Kaimen-Maciel ◽  
Edna Vissoci Reiche
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Stress Damage ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation should be both considered in the occurrence of fatigue and depression in multiple sclerosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 853-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesic Katarina ◽  
Toncev Gordana ◽  
Miletic Drakulic Svetlana ◽  
Borovcanin Milica
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis

The Peripheral Network between Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gironi ◽  
B. Borgiani ◽  
C. Cursano ◽  
M. Saresella ◽  
F. Piancone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis

scholarly journals A Review of Various Antioxidant Compounds and their Potential Utility as Complementary Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elzbieta Dorota Miller ◽  
Angela Dziedzic ◽  
Joanna Saluk-Bijak ◽  
Michal Bijak
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Stress Mediators

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disease of the central nervous system (CNS). The etiology of this multifactorial disease has not been clearly defined. Conventional medical treatment of MS has progressed, but is still based on symptomatic treatment. One of the key factors in the pathogenesis of MS is oxidative stress, enhancing inflammation and neurodegeneration. In MS, both reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are formed in the CNS mainly by activated macrophages and microglia structures, which can lead to demyelination and axon disruption. The course of MS is associated with the secretion of many inflammatory and oxidative stress mediators, including cytokines (IL-1b, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, INF-γ) and chemokines (MIP-1a, MCP-1, IP10). The early stage of MS (RRMS) lasts about 10 years, and is dominated by inflammatory processes, whereas the chronic stage is associated with neurodegenerative axon and neuron loss. Since oxidative damage has been known to be involved in inflammatory and autoimmune-mediated processes, antioxidant therapy could contribute to the reduction or even prevention of the progression of MS. Further research is needed in order to establish new aims for novel treatment and provide possible benefits to MS patients. The present review examines the roles of oxidative stress and non-pharmacological anti-oxidative therapies in MS.

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