Photon-Induced Adhesion and Chemical Changes in Aluminium Films on Silicon.

1986 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Kellock ◽  
J. Liesegang ◽  
G. L. Nyberg ◽  
J. S. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Interface Reaction ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Photon Irradiation ◽  
Film Adhesion ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Before And After

AbstractIn the present study, thin layers of Al (<500 Å), deposited on Si under varying vacuum and substrate-cleaning conditions, have been irradiated with various wavelength photons. The films and interfacial oxide layers have been analysed with Rutherford backscattering and channeling (RBS-C), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques both before and after irradiation. Results indicate that substantial oxygen uptake, indiffusion and interface reaction can take place in some thin Al films during photon irradiation at room temperature. Such photon-induced chemical changes correlate with an increase in film adhesion.

scholarly journals Graphene-Ionic Liquid Thin Film Nanolubricant

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 535 ◽  
Author(s):  
María-Dolores Avilés ◽  
Ramón Pamies ◽  
José Sanes ◽  
María-Dolores Bermúdez
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Energy Dispersive Analysis ◽  
Lubricant Film Thickness ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron

Graphene (0.5 wt.%) was dispersed in the hydrophobic room-temperature ionic liquid 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (IL) to obtain a new non-Newtonian (IL + G) nanolubricant. Thin layers of IL and (IL + G) lubricants were deposited on stainless steel disks by spin coating. The tribological performance of the new thin layers was compared with those of full fluid lubricants. Friction coefficients for neat IL were independent of lubricant film thickness. In contrast, for (IL + G) the reduction of film thickness not only afforded 40% reduction of the friction coefficient, but also prevented wear and surface damage. Results of surface profilometry, scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM), energy dispersive analysis (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy were discussed.

Photo-Chemical Changes of Aluminium Films on Silicon

1988 ◽  
Vol 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Kellock ◽  
J. S. Williams ◽  
G. L. Nyberg ◽  
J. Liesegang
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Surface Oxidation ◽  
Rutherford Backscattering ◽  
Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Surface And Interface ◽  
Photon Irradiation

AbstractX-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy with channeling are employed to study surface and interface changes resulting from irradiation of thin Al films on Si-SiO2 substrates using < 6eV visible photons. Results indicati that surface oxidation and bonding rearrangements at the Al-SiO2-Si interface can take place at room temperature under photon bombardment. These changes are correlated with enhanced adhesion and modification of film etch properties which are also a result of photon irradiation.

Synthesis of Graphene Oxide Grafted with Epoxidized Natural Rubber via Aminosilane Linkage

2018 ◽  
Vol 940 ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Pollawat Charoeythornkhajhornchai ◽  
Anongnat Somwangthanaroj
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Interfacial Interaction ◽  
Epoxidized Natural Rubber ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron

Graphene oxide was synthesized from graphite by Hummer method and connected with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane to form graphene oxide-aminosilane (GO-Si) linkage. The solution was centrifuged and washed with acetone to remove unreacted aminosilane before grafting with epoxidized natural rubber (ENR). ENR dissolved in toluene solution was mixed with GO-Si particle and dried at room temperature. Then, it was grafted to form graphene oxide grated with ENR via aminosilane linkage (GO-Si-ENR) by heat treatment. GO-Si-ENR was washed in toluene to remove unconnected ENR molecule. The synthesized GO particle in each step was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The possible reaction mechanism was proposed in this research. The aim of this synthesis is to improve natural rubber - graphene interfacial interaction thus the dispersion of GO and GO-Si-ENR particle in natural rubber matrix by solvent mixing process was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Surface Alteration of Nd-Bearing Zirconolite Following Hydrothermal Treatment

2000 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoming Zhang ◽  
Eric R. Vance ◽  
Mark G. Blackford
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Hydrothermal Treatment ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Dissolution Tests ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Surface Alteration ◽  
Durability Testing

ABSTRACTStatic dissolution tests on Nd-bearing zirconolite were conducted in deionized water at 150°C for up to 6 months. Surfaces, both before and after aqueous dissolutions, were examined using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Individual submicron-sized crystals wereobserved only on some zirconolite grains after hydrothermal treatment for one week, and were identified as brookite (possibly plus anatase) by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The number of secondary crystals present on the zirconolite surface was, however, reduced significantly after 6 months of durability testing. The results of electron microscopy studies are consistent with those obtained from XPS in that the average Ca and Ti concentrations of the top surface layer (< 5 nm) decreased slightly with respect to Zr, while the average Al concentration increased after durability testing.

PREPARATION OF Au-LOADED TiO2 BY PHOTOCHEMICAL DEPOSITION AND OZONE PHOTOCATALYTIC DECOMPOSITION

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
PANKE HE ◽  
MIN ZHANG ◽  
DONGMEI YANG ◽  
JIANJUN YANG
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Au Nanoparticles ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Photocatalytic Decomposition ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Photocatalytic Removal ◽  
Photochemical Deposition

In this paper, Au -loaded TiO 2( Au/TiO 2) photocatalysts were prepared by photochemical deposition method and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results indicated the metallic Au nanoparticles were deposited on the surface of TiO 2 after the high-pressure mercury irradiation and regarded as an electronegative center. The photocatalytic decomposition of gaseous ozone was investigated on TiO 2 and Au -loaded TiO 2 at room temperature. Results indicated that the photocatalytic conversion of ozone can be improved by Au/TiO 2 and photocatalytic activity increased with the increase of the photodeposition time. The photocatalytic removal rate of ozone remained above 96% on the surface of 1% Au/TiO 2 with photodeposition for 120 min under black lamp irradiation for 20 h. Au cluster deposited on the surface of TiO 2 functioned not only as the electron trap center but also as the adsorption site of O 3 in photocatalytic reaction.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Chromium Carbide Nanopowders by Microwave Heating and Their Composition and Microstructure Change under Gamma Ray Irradiation

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Jin ◽  
Yuanbo Jia ◽  
Zhiwei Zhao ◽  
Weiqiang Song ◽  
Shun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Chromium Carbide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation

Chromium carbide nanopowders were synthesized by mechanical alloying-assisted microwave heating. The effect of gamma irradiation on phase composition and microstructure of chromium carbide nanopowders synthesized by the microwave heating method was analyzed. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) techniques. The results showed that well-dispersed chromium carbide nanopowders can be synthesized by maintaining the temperature at 1000 °C for 1 h. Gamma ray irradiation had an important effect on the microstructure of chromium carbide nanopowders. The interplanar spacings of chromium carbide (110) crystal faces before and after gamma ray irradiation were 0.3725 nm and 0.3824 nm, respectively. The crystal structure of chromium carbide was changed by gamma ray irradiation. Gamma ray irradiation can also increase the binding energy of chromium carbide, which is beneficial to improve the thermal stability and mechanical properties of chromium carbide at high temperature.

Large Scale Synthesis of Shuttle like CuO Nanocrystals by Microwave Irradiation

2010 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Jun Cai ◽  
Mei Shi
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Monoclinic Phase ◽  
Aqueous System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cuo Nanocrystals

Nanocrystalline CuO with shuttle-morphology has been prepared conventionally by a microwave irradiation heating technique from an aqueous system in the presence of Cu(CH3COO)2• H2O and NaOH at room temperature. The X-ray powder diffraction pattern indicates that the product is indicated that the product was pure monoclinic phase of CuO. Further characterized by transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectra, the component of the products were confirmed.

scholarly journals Magnetic Au-Ag-γ-Fe2O3/rGO Nanocomposites as an Efficient Catalyst for the Reduction of 4-Nitrophenol

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangyu Lei ◽  
Jingwen Ma ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Xiaobin Fan ◽  
Wenchao Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Reaction Systems ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, a facile route has been developed to prepare magnetic trimetallic Au-Ag-γ-Fe2O3/rGO nanocomposites. The impact of the preparation method (the intensity of reductant) on the catalytic performance was investigated. The nanocomposites were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The prepared nanocomposites show fine catalytic activity towards the reduction reaction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). The nanocomposites also have superparamagnetism at room temperature, which can be easily separated from the reaction systems by applying an external magnetic field.

scholarly journals The Influence of Annealing on the Optical Properties and Microstructure Recrystallization of the TiO2 Layers Produced by Means of the E-BEAM Technique

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 5863
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Jurek ◽  
Robert Szczesny ◽  
Marek Trzcinski ◽  
Arkadiusz Ciesielski ◽  
Jolanta Borysiuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Dielectric Films ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Films ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Beam Technique

Titanium dioxide films, about 200 nm in thickness, were deposited using the e-BEAM technique at room temperature and at 227 °C (500K) and then annealed in UHV conditions (as well as in the presence of oxygen (at 850 °C). The fabricated dielectric films were examined using X-ray powder diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and spectroscopic ellipsometry. The applied experimental techniques allowed us to characterize the phase composition and the phase transformation of the fabricated TiO2 coatings. The films produced at room temperature are amorphous but after annealing consist of anatase crystallites. The layers fabricated at 227 °C contain both anatase and rutile phases. In this case the anatase crystallites are accumulated near the substrate interface whilst the rutile crystallites were formed closer to the surface of the TiO2 film. It should be emphasized that these two phases of TiO2 are distinctly separated from each other.

scholarly journals Controllable Synthesis of Mn3O4 Nanowires and Application in the Treatment of Phenol at Room Temperature

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runlin Han ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
Xiaobing Liu ◽  
Yuhang Zhang ◽  
Yongli Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Hydrothermal Reaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Acid Condition ◽  
Facile Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Phenol Solution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Phenol Treatment

Nanosized Mn3O4 nanowires are prepared with KMnO4 and ethanol in mild conditions by facile hydrothermal method. Hydrothermal reaction temperature is optimized to get uniform nanowires. The prepared Mn3O4 nanowires exhibit high activity in the treatment of phenol at acid condition and room temperature. The 20 mg Mn3O4 nanowires can efficiently dispose of 50 mL phenol solution (0.2 g·L−1) at pH 2 and 25 °C. The nanowires before and after phenol treatment are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and the reaction mechanism is discussed.

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