Recent Progress of Low Temperature Poly Si TFT Technology

1998 ◽  
Vol 508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi Yoneda
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Glass Substrate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Large Glass ◽  
Major Market ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Production Technologies

AbstractSince being introduced to the production line in 1996, replacing the first generation a-Si TFT line, low-temperature poly-Si production technology aimed at manufacturing small and medium size LCD products has improved steadily corresponding to customers' requirements for rapid growth of the DVC and DSC markets. In the future, this production technology must progress to actual industry technology levels in order to cope with production applied not only to large size displays, which have a major market share in the present display market, but also to a large glass substrate, which effectively cuts the cost of products, although improvement of production yield and productivity in terms of pursuing cost reduction must be proceeded.This paper has described existing problems of inherent low-temperature poly-Si TFT processes and their relating additional processes in present production methods. We have also discussed updating production technologies. To cope with production for a large size display, it is necessary to establish fabrication technology of higher performance TFTs with electron mobility larger than 200cm2/V s. We believe that one key technology is to fabricate a large-scale and highly-uniform recrystallized poly-Si film with smooth surface morphology as well as precisely-controlled grain size in production. To cope with production using a large glass substrate, it is essential to develop ELA equipment with laser power greater than 200W.

Recent Progress of Low Temperature Poly Si Tft Technology

1998 ◽  
Vol 507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi Yoneda
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Glass Substrate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Large Glass ◽  
Major Market ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Production Technologies

ABSTRACTSince being introduced to the production line in 1996, replacing the first generation a-Si TFT line, low-temperature poly-Si production technology aimed at manufacturing small and medium size LCD products has improved steadily corresponding to customers' requirements for rapid growth of the DVC and DSC markets. In the future, this production technology must progress to actual industry technology levels in order to cope with production applied not only to large size displays, which have a major market share in the present display market, but also to a large glass substrate, which effectively cuts the cost of products, although improvement of production yield and productivity in terms of pursuing cost reduction must be proceeded.This paper has described existing problems of inherent low-temperature poly-Si TFT processes and their relating additional processes in present production methods. We have also discussed updating production technologies. To cope with production for a large size display, it is necessary to establish fabrication technology of higher performance TFTs with electron mobility larger than 200cm2/V·s. We believe that one key technology is to fabricate a large-scale and highly-uniform recrystallized poly-Si film with smooth surface morphology as well as precisely-controlled grain size in production. To cope with production using a large glass substrate, it is essential to develop ELA equipment with laser power greater than 200W.

A simple SVS method for obtaining large-scale WO3 nanowire cold cathode emitters at atmospheric pressure and low temperature

CrystEngComm ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1065-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuo Xu ◽  
Fei Liu ◽  
Daokun Chen ◽  
Tongyi Guo ◽  
Shunyu Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Glass Substrate ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Nanowire Arrays ◽  
Cold Cathode ◽  
Emission Properties

A novel SVS technique is used to prepare cathode WO3 nanowire arrays with excellent emission properties on a glass substrate.

Optimization of low-temperature poly-Si TFT-LCDs and a large-scale production line for large glass substrates

2001 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi Yoneda ◽  
Hidenori Ogata ◽  
Shinji Yuda ◽  
Kohji Suzuki ◽  
Toshifumi Yamaji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Production Line ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Large Glass ◽  
Large Scale Production

Large Grain Growth of Silicon Films on Low Temperature Glass Substrates

1985 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Bleil ◽  
J. R. Troxell
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Glass Substrate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Argon Laser ◽  
Spot Size ◽  
Silicon Films ◽  
Recrystallization Process ◽  
Molten Silicon ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Wide Range

ABSTRACTArgon laser recrystallization of silicon films deposited on low temperature glass substrates offers the potential for development of large scale matrix addressable displays incorporating on-glass line drivers and logic circuitry. In order to achieve this promise, the challenge of containing molten silicon, at 1685 K, in close proximity to a glass substrate (Corning 7059) which has an annealing temperature of 914 K, must be met. We have successfully recrystallized areas of several squared millimeters of 500 nm thick silicon films without cracking on 7059 glass substrates. This was achieved by the incorporation of multiple film layers interposed between the silicon and the glass substrate, which serve to control the thermal gradients which occur during the recrystallization process. Grains in the recrystallized films are typically 10µm wide and several hundred µm long, achieved using a laser spot size of approximately 70 µµµµm diameter and a scan rate of 15 cm/s. Comparable results were obtained for a wide range of laser powers, from 7.5 to 9.2 W.

TO THE PROBLEMS OF COMBATING CORRUPTION IN MODERN RUSSIA AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF ANTI-CORRUPTION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Dranishnikova
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Moral Point ◽  
Material Goods ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government

In the article, the author reflects the existing problems of the fight against corruption in the Russian Federation. He focuses on the opacity of the work of state bodies, leading to an increase in bribery and corruption. The topic we have chosen is socially exciting in our days, since its significance is growing on a large scale at all levels of the investigated aspect of our modern life. Democratic institutions are being jeopardized, the difference in the position of social strata of society in society’s access to material goods is growing, and the state of society is suffering from the moral point of view, citizens are losing confidence in the government, and in the top officials of the state.

AISI TYPE S2

Alloy Digest ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Shock Loading ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Hard Case ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Steel Mills ◽  
Aisi Type

Abstract AISI Type S2 is a water-hardening tool steel with extreme toughness and resistance to shock loading. Even at a hardness of Rockwell C 59-60, it will bend before it breaks. When hardened in medium-size and large-size pieces, it acquires a hard case and a tough core. Sizes under 3/4-inch (19mm) diameter will water harden to the center. The extreme toughness of Type S2 makes it suitable for use in many applications where no other tool steel will hold up. Its many uses include chisels, rivet busters, spike mauls, screw drivers, punches and sledges. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: TS-408. Producer or source: Tool steel mills.

Changes in color characteristics of culinary products from turkey meat produced with the use of low-temperature heat treatment

Vsyo o myase ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 22-24
Author(s):  
Nasonova V.V. ◽  
◽  
Tunieva E.K. ◽  
Motovilina A.A. ◽  
Mileenkova E.V. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Turkey Meat ◽  
Color Characteristics ◽  
Low Temperature Processing ◽  
Temperature Heat ◽  
Temperature Heat Treatment

The paper presents the results of the study on the effect of low-temperature heat treatment on color characteristics and protein oxidation products depending on the method, temperature and duration of heat treatment of culinary products from turkey meat. At present, the use of low-temperature processing in the production technology for meat products with improved organoleptic indices is a topical direction.

scholarly journals Exercise Intensity and Technical Involvement in U9 Team Handball: Effect of Game Format

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5663
Author(s):  
Georgios Ermidis ◽  
Rasmus C. Ellegard ◽  
Vincenzo Rago ◽  
Morten B. Randers ◽  
Peter Krustrup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Total Distance ◽  
Team Handball ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Game Format

The purpose of this study was to quantify the exercise intensity and technical involvement of U9 boys’ and girls’ team handball during different game formats, and the differences between genders. Locomotor activity (total distance, distance in speed zones, accelerations, and decelerations), heart rate (HR), and technical involvement (shots, goals, and duels) metrics were collected during various 15 min game formats from a total of 57 Danish U9 players (37 boys and 20 girls). Game formats were a small size pitch (20 × 13 m) with 3 vs 3 players and offensive goalkeepers (S3 + 1) and 4 vs 4 players (S4), a medium size pitch (25.8 × 20 m) with 4 vs 4 (M4) and 5 vs 5 (M5) players, and a large size pitch (40 × 20 m) with 5 vs 5 (L5) players. Boys and girls covered a higher total distance (TD) of high-speed running (HSR) and sprinting during L5 games compared to all other game formats (p < 0.05; ES = (−0.9 to −2.1), (−1.4 to −2.8), and (−0.9 to −1.3) respectively). Players covered the highest amount of sprinting distance in L5 games compared to all other game formats (p < 0.01; ES = 0.8 to 1.4). In all the game formats, players spent from 3.04 to 5.96 min in 180–200 bpm and 0.03 min to 0.85 min in >200 bpm of the total 15 min. In addition, both genders had more shots in S3 + 1 than M5 (p < 0.01; ES = 1.0 (0.4;1.7)) and L5 (p < 0.01; ES = 1.1 (0.6;2.2)). Team handball matches have high heart rates, total distances covered, and high-intensity running distances for U9 boys and girls irrespective of the game format. Locomotor demands appeared to be even higher when playing on larger pitches, whereas the smaller pitch size and fewer players led to elevated technical involvement.

scholarly journals Sustainable Large-Scale Aquaculture of the Northern Hemisphere Sea Lettuce, Ulva fenestrata, in an Off-Shore Seafarm

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 615
Author(s):  
Sophie Steinhagen ◽  
Swantje Enge ◽  
Karin Larsson ◽  
Joakim Olsson ◽  
Göran M. Nylund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Seedling Density ◽  
Ulva Fenestrata ◽  
High Nutrient

The growing world population demands an increase in sustainable resources for biorefining. The opening of new farm grounds and the cultivation of extractive species, such as marine seaweeds, increases worldwide, aiming to provide renewable biomass for food and non-food applications. The potential for European large-scale open ocean farming of the commercial green seaweed crop Ulva is not yet fully realized. Here we conducted manipulative cultivation experiments in order to investigate the effects of hatchery temperature (10 and 15 °C), nutrient addition (PES and 3xPES) and swarmer density (500 and 10,000 swarmers ml−1) on the biomass yield and biochemical composition (fatty acid, protein, carbohydrate, pigment and phenolic content) of off-shore cultivated Ulva fenestrata in a Swedish seafarm. High seedling densities were optimal for the growth of this northern hemisphere crop strain and significantly increased the mean biomass yield by ~84% compared to low seedling densities. Variations of nutrients or changes in temperature levels during the hatchery phase were not necessary to increase the subsequent growth in an open-water seafarm, however effects of the factors on the thallus habitus (thallus length/width) were observed. We found no significant effect of the environmental factors applied in the hatchery on the total fatty acid or crude protein content in the off-shore cultivated Ulva. However, low seedling density and low temperature increased the total carbohydrate content and furthermore, high temperature in combination with high nutrient levels decreased the pigment content (chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids). Low temperature in combination with high nutrient levels increased the phenolic content. Our study confirms the successful and sustainable potential for large-scale off-shore cultivation of the Scandinavian crop U. fenestrata. We conclude that high seedling density in the hatchery is most important for increasing the total biomass yield of sea-farmed U. fenestrata, and that changing temperature or addition of nutrients overall does not have a large effect on the biochemical composition. To summarize, our study contributes novel insights into the large-scale off-shore cultivation potential of northern hemisphere U. fenestrata and underpins suitable pre-treatments during the hatchery phase of seedlings to facilitate a successful and cost-efficient large-scale rope cultivation.

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