Thermal Properties of Magnetron Sputtered TiN And TiAlN Thin Films on HSS

1996 ◽  
Vol 436 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Lugscheider ◽  
O. Knotek ◽  
C. Barimani ◽  
H. Zimmermann ◽  
M. Lake
Keyword(s):  
Thermophysical Properties ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Chemical Resistance ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Thermal Barrier ◽  
Pvd Coatings ◽  
Pin On Disc

AbstractIncreasing demands on production processes in terms of performance, reliability and environmental compatibility shape the specification profile for modem wear resistant coating systems. The specification of PVD coated cutting tools by the parameters hardness, wear and frictional behavior, chemical structure or chemical resistance are already known and inspected by small scale tests, e.g. pin on disc or taber abraser test. Hitherto the thermophysical properties of thin film PVD coatings were not characterized completely although the investigation of the thermal diffusivity of coated substrates give information about the thermal barrier function of the deposited coating.To determine the thermophysical properties of PVD coatings the Jenoptik Thermal Wave Inspection (TWIN) can be used. This nondestructive and contactless measuring system is based on the photothermal spectroscopy. In this paper fundamentals of the TWIN measuring technique are presented as well as first TWIN results of investigated MSIP TiN and TiAlN coated and oxidized high speed steels.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Temperature-Related Wear Performance of Hard Nanostructured Coatings Deposited on a S600 High Speed Steel

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Santecchia ◽  
Marcello Cabibbo ◽  
Abdel Hamouda ◽  
Farayi Musharavati ◽  
Anton Popelka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Vapor Deposition ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Hard Coatings ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Metal Machining ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Orthopedic Prosthesis

Thin hard coatings are widely known as key elements in many industrial fields, from equipment for metal machining to dental implants and orthopedic prosthesis. When it comes to machining and cutting tools, thin hard coatings are crucial for decreasing the coefficient of friction (COF) and for protecting tools against oxidation. The aim of this work was to evaluate the tribological performance of two commercially available thin hard coatings deposited by physical vapor deposition (PVD) on a high speed tool steel (S600) under extreme working conditions. For this purpose, pin-on-disc wear tests were carried out either at room temperature (293 K) or at high temperature (873 K) against alumina (Al2O3) balls. Two thin hard nitrogen-rich coatings were considered: a multilayer AlTiCrN and a superlattice (nanolayered) CrN/NbN. The surface and microstructure characterization were performed by optical profilometry, field-emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS).

MEASURING SYSTEM FOR MONITORING GRAIN TEMPERATURE DURING STORAGE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.А. Zelensky ◽  
◽  
M.S Stepanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nondestructive Testing ◽  
Thermophysical Properties ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Grain Temperature

In science and technology, today various sensors of electrical and non-electrical quantities are used. The article provides a brief overview of the primary converters. One of the devices for nondestructive testing of thermophysical properties for determining the characteristics of agricultural objects in production is presented.

UNS T11310

Alloy Digest ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Steel Mills

Abstract UNS No. T11310 is the high vanadium type of molybdenum high-speed steel. It is a deep-hardening steel and offers high cutting ability and excellent finishing properties. It is a general-purpose steel for cutting tools and is used in such applications as taps, lathe tools and reamers. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on heat treating and machining. Filing Code: TS-490. Producer or source: Tool steel mills.

ELECTRITE COBALT

Alloy Digest ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Steel Company

Abstract ELECTRITE COBALT is a 5% cobalt type high-speed steel recommended for heavy duty cutting tools. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: TS-89. Producer or source: Latrobe Steel Company.

GUTERL M-2

Alloy Digest ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Good Resistance ◽  
Special Steel ◽  
Steel Corporation ◽  
Circular Saws

Abstract GUTERL M-2 is a molybdenum-tungsten type of high-speed steel with fairly good resistance to decarburization. It is a general-purpose high-speed steel and it provides excellent resistance to abrasion and shock. It is used widely for cutting tools. Among its many applications are hack saws, circular saws, lathe tools, gear cutters, planer tools and wood knives. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: TS-387. Producer or source: Guterl Special Steel Corporation.

VASCO 8-N-2

Alloy Digest ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
General Purpose

Abstract VASCO 8-N-2 is a molybdenum high-speed steel containing a low percentage of tungsten. It can be used successfully for a variety of cutting tools; in fact, it is a general-purpose high-speed steel. Its composition represents the first molybdenum high-speed steel to be manufactured and find practical use in the field of cutting tools. Its many uses include drills, milling cutters, lathe tools, blanking dies and special shear blades. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: TS-351. Producer or source: Teledyne Vasco.

STORA ASP 60

Alloy Digest ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Machine Material ◽  
High Hardenability ◽  
Metallurgy Steel ◽  
Special Steels ◽  
Cutting Speeds ◽  
Hot Hardness

Abstract STORA ASP 60 is a molybdenum-tungsten high-speed steel with high percentages of carbon, cobalt and vanadium. It is a powder metallurgy steel, has high hardenability and can be hardened by cooling in air or oil from the austenitizing temperature. It has an excellent combination of wear resistance, toughness, hot hardness and resistance to tempering. It is recommended for cutting tools for hard-to-machine material and high cutting speeds. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, microstructure, hardness, and elasticity. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: TS-342. Producer or source: Stora Kopparberg, Special Steels Division.

STORA ASP 30

Alloy Digest ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Cobalt Content ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Machine Material ◽  
High Hardenability ◽  
Special Steels ◽  
Cutting Speeds ◽  
Hot Hardness

Abstract STORA ASP 30 is a high hardenability tungsten-molybdenum alloyed high-speed steel with high cobalt content. It is recommended for cutting tools for hard-to-machine material and high cutting speeds. It has excellent wear resistance, toughness, hot hardness and resistance to tempering. The excellent size stability and good grindability of ASP 30 make it very suitable for tools with a complicated shape. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, microstructure, hardness, and elasticity. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: TS-338. Producer or source: Stora Kopparberg, Special Steels Division.

Effects of Cooling Conditions on Thermal Crack Initiation of Brittle Cutting Tools during Intermittent Cutting

2015 ◽  
Vol 656-657 ◽  
pp. 237-242
Author(s):  
Kenji Yamaguchi ◽  
Tsuyoshi Fujita ◽  
Yasuo Kondo ◽  
Satoshi Sakamoto ◽  
Mitsugu Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crack Initiation ◽  
Thermal Shock ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Cutting Condition ◽  
Thermal Crack ◽  
Cooling Conditions ◽  
Cutting Operation ◽  
Intermittent Cutting

It is well known that a series of cracks running perpendicular to the cutting edge are sometimes formed on the rake face of brittle cutting tools during intermittent cutting. The cutting tool is exposed to elevated temperatures during the periods of cutting and is cooled quickly during noncutting times. It has been suggested that repeated thermal shocks to the tool during intermittent cutting generate thermal fatigue and result in the observed thermal cracks. Recently, a high speed machining technique has attracted attention. The tool temperature during the period of cutting corresponds to the cutting speed. In addition, the cooling and lubricating conditions affect the tool temperature during noncutting times. The thermal shock applied to the tool increases with increasing cutting speed and cooling conditions. Therefore, to achieve high-speed cutting, the evaluation of the thermal shock and thermal crack resistance of the cutting tool is important. In this study, as a basis for improving the thermal shock resistance of brittle cutting tools during high-speed intermittent cutting from the viewpoint of cutting conditions, we focused on the cooling conditions of the cutting operation. An experimental study was conducted to examine the effects of noncutting time on thermal crack initiation. Thermal crack initiation was found to be restrained by reducing the noncutting time. In the turning experiments, when the noncutting time was less than 10 ms, thermal crack initiation was remarkably decreased even for a cutting speed of 500 m/min. In the milling operation, the number of cutting cycles before thermal crack initiation decreased with increasing cutting speed under conditions where the cutting speed was less than 500 m/min. However, when the cutting speed was greater than 600 m/min, thermal crack initiation was restrained. We applied the minimal quantity lubrication (MQL) coolant supply to the intermittent cutting operation. The experimental results showed that the MQL diminished tool wear compared with that under the dry cutting condition and inhibited thermal crack initiation compared with that under the wet cutting condition.

scholarly journals Fully Automated Cultivation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in the StemCellDiscovery—A Robotic Laboratory for Small-Scale, High-Throughput Cell Production Including Deep Learning-Based Confluence Estimation

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 575
Author(s):  
Jelena Ochs ◽  
Ferdinand Biermann ◽  
Tobias Piotrowski ◽  
Frederik Erkens ◽  
Bastian Nießing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Speed ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
System Capacity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Production Environment

Laboratory automation is a key driver in biotechnology and an enabler for powerful new technologies and applications. In particular, in the field of personalized therapies, automation in research and production is a prerequisite for achieving cost efficiency and broad availability of tailored treatments. For this reason, we present the StemCellDiscovery, a fully automated robotic laboratory for the cultivation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in small scale and in parallel. While the system can handle different kinds of adherent cells, here, we focus on the cultivation of adipose-derived hMSCs. The StemCellDiscovery provides an in-line visual quality control for automated confluence estimation, which is realized by combining high-speed microscopy with deep learning-based image processing. We demonstrate the feasibility of the algorithm to detect hMSCs in culture at different densities and calculate confluences based on the resulting image. Furthermore, we show that the StemCellDiscovery is capable of expanding adipose-derived hMSCs in a fully automated manner using the confluence estimation algorithm. In order to estimate the system capacity under high-throughput conditions, we modeled the production environment in a simulation software. The simulations of the production process indicate that the robotic laboratory is capable of handling more than 95 cell culture plates per day.

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