Frictional Behavior of C60 Microparticle-Coated Steel

1995 ◽  
Vol 383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Jinke Tang ◽  
Ashok Purl ◽  
Alexander U. Falster ◽  
William B. Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
Uncoated Sample ◽  
Air Atmosphere ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Hcp Structure

ABSTRACTThe frictional behaviors of 304 stainless steel disks coated with C60 microparticles, both containing benzene and free of benzene, have been studied under different loads and sliding speeds with a pin-on-disk configuration in ambient air atmosphere at room temperature. The results indicated that the coating containing benzene, benzene-solvated C60 microparticles (C60·4C6H6), reduced friction as well as wear. The coated samples showed a 50–70% reduction in friction coefficient in comparison to uncoated samples. Neither the coated nor the uncoated sample showed significant change in friction coefficient for different sliding speeds. Under different loads, the uncoated sample had almost the same friction coefficient. However, with the increase of load, the friction coefficient of C60·4C6H6-coated disk showed a minimum value of 0.25 at 25 g load and then reached the uncoated values beyond 50 g load. The coefficient of friction of the disk coated with benzene-free C60 showed a slight increase with load, reaching the value of uncoated 304 stainless steel disk at about 40 g. The reduced friction of the solvated-C60 coated 304 stainless steel is probably due to the lowered shear strength of the hcp structure of C60·4C6H6 molecular crystal in which the benzene molecules are intercalated. The results of this study suggest the importance of the presence of second component, in addition to C60, in the coating materials in order for them to form a preferred crystal structure with low shear strength as far as using C60 as a solid lubricant is concerned.

scholarly journals Tribological properties of fullerenes C60 and C70 microparticles

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2749-2756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Jinke Tang ◽  
Ashok Puri ◽  
Ray L. Sweany ◽  
Yuxin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Molecular Crystals ◽  
Solid Lubricants ◽  
High Shear ◽  
Fullerenes C60 And C70 ◽  
High Shear Strength ◽  
Hcp Structure

The frictional behaviors of fullerenes C60 and C70 were studied because they were speculated to be solid lubricants. For the sublimated pure C60 films on Si(001), a high friction coefficient (0.55–0.8) was observed under different loads and pin materials. For the C70 film, the friction coefficient showed a pin dependence, which changed from 0.5 with an Al2O3 pin to about 0.9 with a 440 stainless steel pin. The relatively high friction coefficients of C60 and C70 films were due to the tendency of the C60 and C70 particles to clump and compress into high shear strength layers rather than due to the impurities in the fullerenes. The benzene-solvated C60 · 4C6H6 and C70 ·xC6H6 showed a lowered friction coefficient (0.25 for C60 · 4C6H6 and 0.3 for C70 · xC6H6), which might result from the lowered shear strength of the hcp structure of C60 · 4C6H6 and C70 ·xC6H6 molecular crystals in which the benzene molecules were intercalated.

Grinding With Abrasive Disks: Part 4—Grinding Power and Temperatures

1962 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 466-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Mohun
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Applied Load ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Ultimate Shear Strength ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Grinding Efficiency ◽  
Grinding Power ◽  
Performance And Mechanism

Variations in power during disk grinding have been explained and equations developed to represent the power in terms of the grinding variables. It has been shown that depth of cut is below the critical magnitude so that ultimate shear strength of the metal is involved for all but the initial 30 to 120 seconds of grinding. It has also been shown that the coefficient of friction is higher against stainless steel than against mild steel, and that the basic differences in performance and mechanism on these two metals originate in this property. Photomicrographs of microflats are shown. The mechanism of microdressing is explained in terms of thermal shock and mechanical impact in relation to the effect of applied load upon grinding efficiency.

Friction Coefficient and Wear Rate of Different Materials Sliding Against Stainless Steel

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewan Muhammad Nuruzzaman ◽  
Mohammad Asaduzzaman Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Sliding Velocity ◽  
Stainless Steel 304 ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Ss 304

This paper examines the relation between friction/wear and different types of steel materials under different normal loads and sliding velocities and to explore the possibility of adding controlled normal load and sliding velocity to a mechanical process. In order to do so, a pin on disc apparatus is designed and fabricated. Experiments are carried out when different types of disc materials such as stainless steel 304 (SS 304), stainless steel 316 (SS 316) and mild steel slide against stainless steel 304 (SS 304) pin. Variations of friction coefficient with the duration of rubbing at different normal loads and sliding velocities are investigated. Results show that friction coefficient varies with duration of rubbing, normal load and sliding velocity. In general, friction coefficient increases for a certain duration of rubbing and after that it remains constant for the rest of the experimental time. The obtained results reveal that friction coefficient decreases with the increase in normal load for all the tested materials. It is also found that friction coefficient increases with the increase in sliding velocity for all the materials investigated. Moreover, wear rate increases with the increase in normal load and sliding velocity. At identical operating condition, the magnitudes of friction coefficient and wear rate are different for different materials depending on sliding velocity and normal load.

The effect of ceramic friction pairs on the tribocorrosion behavior of AISI 304 stainless steel in seawater

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 779-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Fan ◽  
Liqiang Chai ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Jun Liang
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Artificial Seawater ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Wear Volume ◽  
Silica Layer ◽  
Metal Debris ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lubrication Effect

Purpose This paper aims to study the tribocorrosion behavior of 304 stainless steel (SS) sliding against SiC and Si3N4 counterparts in artificial seawater. Design/methodology/approach The tribocorrosion behavior of 304SS sliding against SiC and Si3N4 balls in artificial seawater has been investigated. The tests were conducted using a ball-on-disk rig equipped with an electrochemical workstation. The friction coefficient, surface morphology, wear volume and current density were determined. Findings When 304SS sliding against SiC ball, a smooth surface with a silica layer was formed on the top, which led to the low friction coefficient, current density and small wear volume. For 304SS-Si3N4 tribo-pair, a lot of metal debris was scattered on contact surfaces leading to high friction coefficient, current density and big wear volume. Research limitations/implications This research suggests that the lubrication effect of silicon-based ceramics is related to counterpart specimen in artificial seawater. Practical implications The results may help us to choose the appropriate ceramic ball under seawater environment. Originality/value The main originality of the work is to reveal the tribocorrosion behavior of 304SS sliding against SiC and Si3N4 balls, which help us to realize that the Si3N4 ball as water-lubricated ceramics could not exhibit lubrication effect when coupled with 304SS in artificial seawater.

scholarly journals Development of Low Silver AgCuZnSn Filler Metal for Cu/Steel Dissimilar Metal Joining

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Xue ◽  
Yang Zou ◽  
Peng He ◽  
Yinyin Pei ◽  
Huawei Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Penetration Depth ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Filler Metal ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Dissimilar Metal ◽  
Brazed Joints ◽  
Brazed Joint

The microstructure and properties of a Cu/304 stainless steel dissimilar metal joint brazed with a low silver Ag16.5CuZnSn-xGa-yCe braze filler after aging treatment were investigated. The results indicated that the addition of Ce could reduce the intergranular penetration depth of the filler metal into the stainless steel during the aging process. The minimum penetration depth in the Ag16.5CuZnSn-0.15Ce brazed joint was decreased by 48.8% compared with the Ag16.5CuZnSn brazed joint. Moreover, the shear strength of the brazed joint decreased with aging time while the shear strength of the AgCuZnSn-xGa-yCe joint was still obviously higher than the Ag16.5CuZnSn joint after a 600 h aging treatment. The fracture type of the Ag16.5CuZnSn-xGa-yCe brazed joints before aging begins ductile and turns slightly brittle during the aging process. Compared to all the results, the Ag16.5CuZnSn-2Ga-0.15Ce brazed joints show the best performance and could satisfy the requirements for cost reduction and long-term use.

Microstructure and Shear Strength in Brazing Joint of Mo-Cu Composite with 304 Stainless Steel by Ni-Cr-P Filler Metal

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Wang ◽  
Jiteng Wang ◽  
Yajiang Li ◽  
Deshuang Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Filler Metal ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Eutectic Structure ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Steel Joint ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThe brazing of Mo-Cu composite and 304 stainless steel was carried out in vacuum with Ni-Cr-P filler metal at 980 °C for 20 min. Microstructure in Mo-Cu/304 stainless steel joint was investigated by field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) with energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and shear strength was measured by shearing test. The results indicate that shear strength of the Mo-Cu/304 stainless steel joint is about 155 MPa. There forms eutectic structure of γ-Ni solid solution with Ni

scholarly journals Experimental and Theoretical Analysis of Zircaloy-4 and AISI 304 Stainless Steel Material Pair in Water Sliding Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neelima Khare ◽  
Praveen Kumar Limaye ◽  
Kulwant Singh ◽  
Dhananjay Tatyasaheb Jadhav ◽  
Arundhati Bute ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Load Factor ◽  
Volume Loss ◽  
Aisi 304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Aisi 304 ◽  
Lubricating Film ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction

Current work was simulated for sliding wear interaction of materials of fuel bundle bearing pad (zircaloy-4) and magazine rotor tube (AISI 304 stainless steel) of Indian Pressurised Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs). A plan of experiments, based on the techniques of Taguchi, was performed. The objective was to establish a correlation between load and sliding speed with the volume loss and coefficient of friction (COF). These correlations were obtained by multiple linear regressions. The treatment of the experimental results is based on the analysis average and the analysis of variance (ANOVA). Worn surface analyses carried out using SEM and wear mechanisms were identified. ANOVA analysis indicated that load factor has a great influence on the coefficient of friction (~73%). COF suddenly increases to high value after a particular contact pressure due to absence of lubricating film and increase in metal to metal contact. Volume loss of AISI 304 stainless steel and zircaloy-4 is highly affected due to load (~90%) and speed (~65%), respectively. Worn surfaces exhibited deformation, adherence, and compaction of material at all PV conditions. Contact pressures above 475 MPa indicated formation of ratcheting mechanisms and formation of fatigue striation marks. Due to low yield strength of AISI 304 SS, volume loss was on higher side than that of Zr-4.

Corrosion and Tribocorrosion Behaviors of Amorphous Carbon Films in Nitric Acid Solutions

CORROSION ◽  
10.5006/2319 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 747-756
Author(s):  
Mingling Xie ◽  
Yuzhe Song ◽  
Guangan Zhang ◽  
Qihai Lu ◽  
Xuejun Cui
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Amorphous Carbon ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Hno3 Solution ◽  
Amorphous Carbon Films ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Carbon Based

The corrosion and tribocorrosion behaviors of Type 304 stainless steel coated by two different amorphous carbon films, including undoped and Cr-doped amorphous carbon films, were investigated in HNO3 solution, and bare Type 304 stainless steel was used for comparison. In static-corrosion environment, the corrosion current densities of the carbon-based films were decreased by 41% to 97%, when compared with stainless steel, thus suggesting that the corrosion protection properties of the films were excellent. Tribocorrosion tests were conducted to synchronously monitor the open-circuit potential and friction coefficient of the films, and the friction coefficient increased with the increase of HNO3 concentration. Therefore, the carbon-based films could effectively improve the wear resistance of Type 304 stainless steel in HNO3 solutions.

Effect of Surface Texture Molded by a Stainless Steel Mesh on the Invisalign Material Friction Coefficient

2015 ◽  
Vol 1090 ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Yong Qing Cai ◽  
Xiao Xiang Yang ◽  
Bing Wei He
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Surface Texture ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Mold Surface ◽  
Stainless Steel Mesh ◽  
Surface Textures ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Material Coefficient ◽  
Effect Of Surface

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of surface texture mold by stainless steel (SS) mesh on Invisalign material friction coefficient. Materials and methods: Ten kinds of SS mesh were used to mold surface texture on Invisalign material. Experiments were conducted using a zirconia ball that slid against Invisalign material plates with different surface textures. In the experiments, the coefficients of friction under normal loads of 100, 200, and 300 g under dry and artificial saliva conditions were recorded. Results: The coefficient of friction was relative to the pore size and wire diameter of SS mesh. Conclusions: The Invisalign material coefficient can be effectively managed by the surface texture mold by SS mesh.

Corrosion Behavior of CrN/AlSiN Multilayer Coatings on AISI 304 Stainless Steel in Aluminum Alloy Melt

2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 1938-1941
Author(s):  
Wei Yu Ho ◽  
Chia Hang Tsai ◽  
Cheng Hsun Hsu ◽  
Woei Yun Ho
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Multilayer Coating ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
Extensive Discussion ◽  
Temperature Oxidation ◽  
X Ray

In recent years, advances in coating deposition technologies have led to the development of nano-structured coating materials with unique properties. Among the many systems, Cr-Al-Si-N coatings have a variety of interesting properties such as the superhardness (~40 GPa), thermal stability with high-temperature oxidation resistance. These coatings were characterized as nanocomposites consisting of nanocrystalline CrN or CrAlN embedded in amorphous Si3N4 matrix. Nevertheless extensive discussion has been focused on the mechanical and thermal properties of Cr-Al-Si-N coating, the corrosion resistance at higher temperature is not reported yet. Therefore, the main target of this study is to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the CrN/AlSiN multilayer coating which was synthesized by cathodic arc deposition with Cr and Al88Si12 dual cathodes. The as-deposited coating was following conducted with heat treatment in nitrogen atmosphere at the temperature of 400 oC, 600 oC and 800 oC for 1 hour, respectively. Microstructure of the heated films is analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscope, X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscopy. The corrosion resistance of the heated CrN/AlSiN coatings was studied by dipping in the aluminum alloy melt for 3 hours. The results turned out that the better corrosion resistance of CrN/AlSiN multilayer coated stainless steel was obtained by post deposition annealing treatment in nitrogen at 400 oC and 600 oC if compared to that of the other samples.

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