Improved Mechanical Strengths of Epoxy Composites Obtained from Ion Beam Treated Carbon Fibers

1993 ◽  
Vol 318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sin-Shong Lin ◽  
Pearl W. Yip
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Transverse Tensile ◽  
Nitrogen Ion ◽  
Treated Carbon ◽  
Surface Modified

ABSTRACTCarbon fibers derived from various sources are surface modified by oxygen and nitrogen ion beams generated from a low voltage ion source. The surface analyses by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal that the ion treatment produces large abundances of various surface functional groups which are dependent on impinging ion energies and irradiation times. In the oxygen beam, the hydroxyl moiety is a dominant surface functionality, but in the nitrogen beam, various moieties containing oxygen and nitrogen are observed. The transverse tensile stresses of the epoxy composites made from the ion treated fibers are found to increase two to four times. The ion beam process yields the highest adhesive strength among all surface treatment methods.

Adsorption of H2S and SO2 on Activated Carbon Fibers Modified by Ammonium Nitrate

2011 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 1065-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Da Song He ◽  
Cun Ping Liu ◽  
Sheng Guo ◽  
Xiu Ying Li
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Enhancement Effect ◽  
Surface Groups ◽  
Nitrate Treatment ◽  
Adsorption Measurement ◽  
Measurement Surface ◽  
Treated Carbon ◽  
Surface Modified

The enhancement effect of using PAN-based carbon fibers surface modified by ammonium nitrate for removing SO2 and H2S in moist air at room temperature was characterized and investigated. The pore structure of the samples so prepared was examined by adsorption measurement. Surface groups introduced by treatment with ammonium nitrate was assessed by xray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results show that the amount of sulfur dioxide and hydrogen sulfide adsorbed with the treated carbon fibers are increased by 112% and 93% and ammonium nitrate treatment improved original carbon fibers adsorption performance, not only by introducing nitrogen surface groups, but also by extending the surface area.

Study of Surface Characteristics of T700 Carbon Fibers and Interfacial Properties of their Reinforced Epoxy Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 364 ◽  
pp. 706-710
Author(s):  
Ling Cong Li ◽  
Li Li Wang ◽  
Hua Hao ◽  
Hui Ling ◽  
Hong Jie Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Dynamic Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Interfacial Properties ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Sem Images

The purpose of this paper is to comparatively study the surface characteristics of domestic and Toray T700 carbon fibers (T700-CFs) and the interfacial properties of their reinforced epoxy composites. The surface roughness and surface energy of the fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and dynamic contact angle analysis (DCAA). The surface chemistry analysis of the fibers was carried out by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The interfacial properties of the T700-CF/epoxy composites were studied by testing the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), observing SEM images of composites profiles and calculating the interfacial adhesion factors from dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) data. The results show that domestic T700-CFs have a better interfacial adhesion to epoxy matrix due to its higher surface roughness, chemical activity and surface energy than Toray T700-CFs.

Atomic nitrogen ion beam from a pulsed duoplasmatron ion source

1992 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 2616-2618 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ludwig ◽  
K. Volk ◽  
H. Klein ◽  
A. Schempp
Keyword(s):  
Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Atomic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Ion

Field Emission Properties of Ion Beam Synthesized SiC/Si Heterostructures by MEVVA Implantation

1998 ◽  
Vol 509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dihu Chen ◽  
S. P. Wong ◽  
W.Y. Cheung ◽  
E.Z. Luo ◽  
W. Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Emission ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Metal Vapor ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Emission Properties ◽  
Field Emission Properties ◽  
Two Factors

AbstractPlanar SiC/Si heterostructures were formed by high dose carbon implantation using a metal vapor vacuum arc ion source. The variations of the field emission properties with the implant dose and annealing conditions were studied. A remarkably low turn-on field of IV/μm was observed from a sample implanted at 35 keV to a dose of 1.0×1018 cm−2 with subsequent annealing in nitrogen at 1200°C for 2h. The chemical composition depth profiles were determined from x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and the surface morphology was observed by atomic force microscopy. The formation of a thin surface stoichiometric SiC layer and the formation of densely distributed small protrusions on the surface are believed to be the two factors responsible for the efficient electron field emission.

Investigation of Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Boron Films Implanted by Polyenergetic Nitrogen Ion

2008 ◽  
Vol 373-374 ◽  
pp. 396-399
Author(s):  
Zhi Hai Cai ◽  
Ping Zhang ◽  
Jia Wu He ◽  
Jun Jun Zhao ◽  
Jun Tan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Ion Beam Sputtering ◽  
Beam Sputtering ◽  
Nitrogen Ions ◽  
Ir Analysis ◽  
Nitrogen Ion

In this paper, boron films were deposited on W6Mo5Cr4V2 high speed steel (HSS) via ion beam sputtering of boron target and implanted with polyenergetic(50 keV, 30 keV, 10 keV) nitrogen ions. The mechanical properties of the implanted layer were tested by Vicker`s hardness and SKODA wear tester. The microstructure of the implanted layer was analysed by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier Infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Experimental results showed that the HSS substrate was intensified obviously after the implantation of boron and nitrogen ion. When the nitrogen dose equals to 12.8×1017 ions/cm2, the hardness reaches its highest value, HV1982 and the relative wearability was increased for about ten times under the load of 30N. XPS depth concentration profiles show an interfacial mixing between film and substrate, and compared with monoenergetic ion implantation, polyenergetic ion implanted layer have an even N/B distribution. Combined with XPS and IR analysis results, It can conclude that boron exists in the form of boron nitride and first as a-BN or h-BN, with the depth decreasing, it has a tendency to transform to c-BN.

Control, Effection and Analysis of Voltage during Dielectric Barrier Discharges Plasma Surface Treated Carbon Fibers

2012 ◽  
Vol 472-475 ◽  
pp. 342-349
Author(s):  
Huan Xia Zhang ◽  
Li Wei
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Dielectric Barrier Discharges ◽  
Dielectric Barrier ◽  
Fragmentation Test ◽  
Treated Carbon ◽  
Physical Changes ◽  
Barrier Discharges

The deposition of coatings on the surface of carbon fiber will be helpful to their applications. However, they are unsuitable to be deposited due to their low surface free energies, poor wettability and poor adhesions. The objective of this work is to modify carbon fibers by Dielectric barrier discharges(DBD)in ambient argon . The chemical and physical changes induced by the treatments on carbon fibers surface are examined using contact angle measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The interfacial adhesion of CF/EP composites are analyzed by a single fiber composite (SFC) for filament fragmentation test. The contact angles of the plasma-treated samples are visibly reduced than the untreated samples. XPS results reveal that the carbon fibers modified with the DBD at an atmospheric pressure show a significant increase in oxygen-containing groups, such as C–O,C=O and O–C=O. The results of SFC tests show that the treated carbon fibers composites could possess excellent interfacial properties with mixed resins. These results demonstrate that the surfaces of the carbon fibers samples are more active, hydrophilic and rough after plasma treatments using a DBD operating in ambient argon.

scholarly journals Surface Treatment of Carbon Fibers by Oxy-Fluorination

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Kruppke ◽  
Christina Scheffler ◽  
Frank Simon ◽  
Rolf-Dieter Hund ◽  
Chokri Cherif
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Fluorine Content ◽  
Single Fiber ◽  
Fluorine Concentration ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Treated Carbon ◽  
A Minor

In this paper, the oxy-fluorination process and the influence of different concentrations of fluorine and oxygen in the gas phase on the physicochemical properties of polyacrylonitrile(PAN)-based carbon fibers are described. The properties of the treated carbon structures are determined by zeta potential and tensiometry measurements. In addition, changes in surface composition and morphology are investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Adhesion properties are characterized by the single fiber pull-out (SFPO) test. Furthermore, changes in intrinsic properties are described by means of tensile and density measurements. After a primary desizing effect by oxy-fluorination, an increased number of oxygen-containing surface functional groups could be detected, which led to more debonding work in SFPOs with an epoxy-based matrix. It was also shown that the polar surface energy grows with rising fluorine concentration in the reaction gas mixture. In addition, a minor increase of ~10% in the maximum strength of PAN-based carbon fibers is detected by single fiber tensile measurements after oxy-fluorination with a fluorine content of 5% in the reaction mixture.

Effects of Beam Current Density on Ion Beam Synthesis OF SiC

2001 ◽  
Vol 680 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.H. Chen ◽  
S.P. Wong ◽  
J.K.N. Lindner
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Metal Vapor ◽  
Beam Current ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Beam Current Density ◽  
Carbon Clusters ◽  
High Dose

ABSTRACTThin SiC layers were synthesized by high dose C implantation into silicon using a metal vapor vacuum arc ion source at various conditions. Characterization of the ion beam synthesized SiC layers was performed using various techniques including x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) absorption, and Raman spectroscopy. The XPS results showed that for samples with over-stoichiometric implant doses, if the implant beam current density was not high enough, even after prolonged thermal annealing at high temperatures, the as-implanted gaussian-like carbon depth profile remained unchanged. However, if the implant beam current density was sufficiently high, there was significant carbon redistribution during annealing, so that a thicker stoichiometric SiC layer can be formed after annealing. The XPS and Raman results also showed that there were carbon clusters formed in the as-implanted layers for the low beam current density implanted samples, while the formation of such carbon clusters was minimal in the high beam current density as-implanted samples. The effect of beam current density on the fraction of different bonding states of the implanted carbon atoms was studied.

Preparation, Performance and Analysis of Carbon Fibers with Dielectric Barrier Discharges Plasma Surface Treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 391-392 ◽  
pp. 8-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Xia Zhang ◽  
Li Wei
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Dielectric Barrier Discharges ◽  
Single Filament ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Plasma Surface Treatment ◽  
Treated Carbon ◽  
Physical Changes ◽  
Barrier Discharges

The deposition of coatings on the surface of carbon fiber will be helpful to their appli-cations. However, they are unsuitable to be deposited due to their low surface free energies, poor wettability and poor adhesions. The objective of this work is to modify carbon fibers by Dielect-ric barrier discharges (DBD) in ambient argon. The chemical and physical changes induced by the treatments on carbon fibers surface are examined using contact angle measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The interfacial adhesion of CF/EP composites are analysised by a single filament pull-out test. The contact angles of the plasma-treated samples are visibly reduced than the untreated samples. XPS results reveal that the carbon fibers modified with the DBD at an atmospheric pressure show a significant increase in oxygen-containing groups, such as C–O,C=O and O–C=O. The results of IFSS tests show that the treated carbon fibers composit-es could possess excellent interfacial properties with mixed resins. These results demonstrate that the surfaces of the carbon fibers samples are more active, hydrophilic and rough after plasma treatments using a DBD operating in ambient argon.

Ion beam modification of polyimides with linear ion source

2005 ◽  
Vol 908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuro Yamaguchi ◽  
Shih Hsiu Hsiao ◽  
Yoshikazu Tanaka ◽  
Ari Ide Ektessabi
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Polyimide Films ◽  
Flexible Displays ◽  
Modification System ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Ion Beam Modification ◽  
Chemical States

AbstractPolyimide films are widely used in various industrial fields. Some typical products are flexible printed circuits (FPCs), flexible displays, and electronic papers. Good adhesion between metal thin films and polyimide films is required for their long lifetime. Ion beam irradiation to the polyimide films modifies the chemical compositions, the chemical states, and the surface nanomorphology. These modifications are potential techniques to improve the adhesion. In this study, the authors employed a linear ion source, which is able to irradiate ion beam on large surfaces homogeneously. The linear ion source is desirable for industrial usage because of its high productivity. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of modification using the linear ion source. The chemical states of the interface were characterized using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The surface nanomorphology was investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The performance of the modification system will be discussed, and the characteristics of the modified polyimide will be investigated in detail.

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