Formation of Alloy Phases at Fe-Al Interface by Ion Beam Mixing, asRevealed by Interface-Sensitive Conversion Electron Mössbauer Spectroscopic Measurements

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.P. Godbole ◽  
V.G. Bhide ◽  
S.V. Ghaisas ◽  
S.M. Kanetkar ◽  
S.M. Chaudhari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Conversion Electron ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Solid Solution Phase ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Natural Iron ◽  
Identical Manner ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Argon Ion Bombardment

ABSTRACTThe physical processes associated with the formation of various normal as well as metastable phases at an ion beam mixed Fe-Al interface are studied by using a novel interfacesensitive Conversion Electron Mbssbauer Spectroscopic (CEMS) technique.This technique which has been introduced and used for the first time in these investigations, is based on the deposition of a thin (less than 50 A°) layer of enriched Fe 5 7 isotope (95.45% by composition) at the interface between the aluminium substrate and a post-deposited 250A° film of natural iron (only 2.2% of Fe 57), leading to a considerably enhanced spatial selectivity of the M~ssbauer information regarding the reactions occurring at the interface.A number of samples prepared in the manner mentioned above are subjected to an argon ion bombardment at an incident ion energy of 100 keV and a dose of ≃ 2 × 1016 ions/cm2 The ion beam mixed samples are annealed at different temperatures in the range between 300°C to 600°C for twenty minutes, to provide the thermal energy for the growth of different Fex Aly phases at the interface.Conversion Electron Mössbauer Spectroscopy is employed at each stage of the ion beam processing and annealing of the samples, to characterize the phases formed. All the Mbssbauer spectra are least square fitted using the MOSFIT programme to obtain the best-fit values of Mössbauer parameters. The results indicate a substantial broadening of the Mössbauer lines for the as-implanted samples, a fact which can be attributed to the beam induced radiation damage. Subsequent annealing of the samples at different temperatures leads to annealing of damage and further to the formation of Fe3 Al and FeAl solid solution. Mössbauer spectra of the samples annealed at 500°C indicate segregation of Fe at the interface along with the formation of Fe3Al phase, while annealing at 600°C results in the formation of Fe-Al solid solution phase with traces of effectively unreacted metallic Fe. The unimplanted composites heat-treated in an identical manner do not show these features. These results which are supported by RBS measurements, are interpreted and discussed in terms of the non-equilibrium nature of the ion beam processing of the interface.

Strain Enhanced High Strength Cu–Ag–Zr Conductors

2009 ◽  
Vol 633-634 ◽  
pp. 707-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Lyubimova ◽  
Jens Freudenberger ◽  
Alexandere Gaganov ◽  
Hansjörg Klauss ◽  
Ludwig Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Homogeneous Material ◽  
Growth Processes ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Zr Alloys

Recovery, recrystallisation and grain growth processes as well as the formation of a solid solution and the phase separation of a homogeneous material into a heterogeneous one are observed for Cu-Ag-Zr alloys heat-treated at different temperatures by means of mechanical, electrical and microstructural analyses. Heat treatments are shown to be an effective tool to enhance the strain to failure. If applied between several deformation steps the heat treatment causes an increase of both strain and strength limits.

Comparative Study on the Properties of CuCoBe Alloy and CuNiCoBe Alloy

2014 ◽  
Vol 988 ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Jian Chen ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Dong Yang ◽  
Huan Liang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Solution Treatment Temperature ◽  
Solid Solution Treatment ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Melting Technique ◽  
Different Temperatures

CuNiCoBe alloy and CuCoBe alloy were cast by the vacuum inductive melting technique, and were heat treated under certain parameters. By using optical microscope, sclerometer and conductivity meter, the properties of two alloys were investigated after heat treatment. Experimental results show that the process of 980 °C for solid solution and three hours of aging at 450 °C is the best heat treatment for CuCoBe alloy, while 960 °C is the best solid solution treatment temperature for CuNiCoBe alloy with the same aging measures. Ni is beneficial to improve the hardness and conductivity of alloys, and CuNiCoBe alloy has better strength, hardness and conductivity than CuCoBe alloy at different temperatures, and two alloys all have a conductivity mutation increase near 450 °C. CuNiCoBe alloy and CuCoBe alloy soften respectively at 464 °C and 471 °C.

Characterization and Optimized Ageing Parameters of Aluminium Alloy AA6110

2014 ◽  
Vol 931-932 ◽  
pp. 312-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adisorn Kodwichian ◽  
Patiphan Juijerm
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Ageing Time ◽  
Precipitation Sequence ◽  
Automotive Manufacturing ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Different Temperatures

Copper containing aluminium alloy AA6110 is introduced to automotive industries for the last few decades. An understanding of its precipitation sequence and mechanical properties during ageing treatment is valuable to optimize some heat treatment processes in the automotive manufacturing. Therefore, in this study, the precipitation sequence, microstructures and mechanical properties of copper containing aluminium alloy AA611 were investigated. A differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) with regular heating rate of 10 °C/min was performed on the solid solution heat treated aluminium alloy AA6110 for the precipitation sequence investigation. Solid solution heat treated samples were aged at different temperatures and times. Hardness values of differently aged aluminium alloy AA6110 were measured to determine optimized parameters of the ageing process. It was found that the maximum hardness value of 141 HV was detected at an ageing temperature of 160 °C for about 12 hr. Tensile properties and microstructures using transmission electron microscope (TEM) of specimens aged at a temperature of 160 °C with different ageing time will be investigated and shown.

Influence of Ion Irradiation on the Microstructure of Fe/Ti Multilayers

1997 ◽  
Vol 504 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kopcewicz ◽  
A. Grabias ◽  
J. Jagielski ◽  
T. Stobiecki
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Conversion Electron ◽  
Ion Irradiation ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Thickness Ratio ◽  
Ion Beam Mixing ◽  
Amorphous Fraction ◽  
Conversion Electron Mössbauer Spectroscopy ◽  
Maximum Abundance ◽  
Conversion Electron Mossbauer Spectroscopy

ABSTRACTThe amorphization of the Fe/Ti multilayers due to ion-beam mixing induced by Ar and Kr ions is studied by conversion electron Mossbauer spectroscopy. Formation of the bcc-FeTi solid solution and the amorphous FeTi phase is studied as a function of ion dose for samples with the Fe to Ti thickness ratio of 1 and the modulation wavelengths of 20 and 60 nm. After reaching maximum abundance the amorphous fraction decreases at high ion doses.

Ductile-Phase Toughening in Niobium-Niobium Silicide Powder Processed Composites

1990 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rama M. Nekkanti ◽  
Dennis M. Dimiduk
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Plastic Behavior ◽  
Solid Solution Phase ◽  
Dramatic Improvement ◽  
Ductile Phase ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Powder Composites ◽  
Made In ◽  
Cleavage Failure

AbstractThe Nb-Si system offers a possibility of ductile-phase toughening of the brittle Nb5Si3 intermetallic with the terminal niobium-silicon solid solution. Powder composites have been made in which the volume fraction of the terminal Nb-Si phase is systematically varied in a matrix of Nb5Si3 in order to study the extent of toughening. The Nb-Si solid-solution phase was observed to exhibit cleavage failure under both as hot pressed and heat treated conditions, thereby limiting the toughening attained by the presence of this phase. Hot working of the composite results in a dramatic improvement in toughness because of a change in the plastic behavior and fracture mode of the terminal Nb-Si phase from brittle cleavage to a mixed mode of cleavage and ductile microvoid growth and coalescence (dimpled) fracture.

An Interface-Sensitive Conversion Electron Mössbauer Spectroscopic Study of the Ion Beam Induced Reactions at Fe-Si Interface.

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.P. Godbole ◽  
V.G. Bhide ◽  
S.V. Ghaisas ◽  
S.M. Kanetkar ◽  
R.S. Joshee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Spectroscopic Study ◽  
Conversion Electron ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Ion Energy ◽  
Natural Iron ◽  
Energy Processing ◽  
Directed Energy ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACTThe ion beam induced reactions at Fe-Si interface are studied for the first time using a novel interface-sensitive Mössbauer probe.The samples used in these studies are prepared by depositing a thin layer (<450A°) of enriched Fe57 isotope (95.45% by composition) on a freshly cleaned silicon (111) substrate followed by a deposition of a 150Ao film of natural iron (Fe 57 only 2.2%).These samples are subjected to Xetion bombardment at an incident ion energy of 100 keV and a dose of 6 × 1015 ions/cm2 The technique of Conversion Electron Mössbauer Spectroscopy (CEMS) is used to characterize the formation and growth of different phases as a function of annealing treatment. The spectra are leastsquare fitted using the MOSFIT programme.The MHssbauer lines for as-deposited and ion bombarded samples show a considerable broadening, which is a clear signature of a large concentration of defects formed at the interface due to ion beam induced collision cascades. As the samples are annealed the resonance lines are sharpened indicating recovery of stoichiometrically well-defined phases from an initial defective state. The present study indicates formation of FeSi and Fe3 Si phases after the annealing treatment-RBS measurements are used to confirm the mixing.These results are analyzed in terms of the non-equilibrium features of the directed energy processing of interface.

AEM investigation of ZrO2 solid solution formation in ZrO2/mullite composites

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 408-409
Author(s):  
T. R. Dinger
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Analytical Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transformation Toughening ◽  
Solid Solution Formation ◽  
Solution Formation ◽  
Propagating Crack ◽  
Analytical Electron ◽  
Microcrack Toughening ◽  
Made In

Zirconia (ZrO2) is often added to ceramic compacts to increase their toughness. The mechanisms by which this toughness increase occurs are generally accepted to be those of transformation toughening and microcracking. The mechanism of transformation toughening is based on the presence of metastable tetragonal ZrO2 which transforms to the monoclinic allotrope when stressed by a propagating crack. The decrease in volume which accompanies this transformation effectively relieves the applied stress at the crack tip and toughens the material; microcrack toughening arises from the deflection of a propagating crack around sharply angular inclusions.These mechanisms, however, do not explain the toughness increases associated with the class of composites investigated here. Analytical electron microscopy (AEM) has been used to determine whether solid solution effects could be the cause of this increased toughness. Specimens of a mullite (3Al2O3·2SiO2) + 15 vol. % ZrO2 were prepared by the usual technique of mechanical thinning followed by ion beam milling. All observations were made in a Philips EM400 TEM/STEM microscope fitted with EDXS and EELS spectrometers.

Transition alpha structure in beta-isomorphous Nb-Hf alloys

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 232-233
Author(s):  
R.W. Carpenter ◽  
Changhai Li ◽  
David J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Solution Phase ◽  
Miscibility Gap ◽  
Large Strains ◽  
Solid Solution Phase ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Diffuse Intensity ◽  
Metastable Form ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Equilibrium Morphology

Binary Nb-Hf alloys exhibit a wide bcc solid solution phase field at temperatures above the Hfα→ß transition (2023K) and a two phase bcc+hcp field at lower temperatures. The β solvus exhibits a small slope above about 1500K, suggesting the possible existence of a miscibility gap. An earlier investigation showed that two morphological forms of precipitate occur during the bcc→hcp transformation. The equilibrium morphology is rod-type with axes along <113> bcc. The crystallographic habit of the rod precipitate follows the Burgers relations: {110}||{0001}, <112> || <1010>. The earlier metastable form, transition α, occurs as thin discs with {100} habit. The {100} discs induce large strains in the matrix. Selected area diffraction examination of regions ∼2 microns in diameter containing many disc precipitates showed that, a diffuse intensity distribution whose symmetry resembled the distribution of equilibrium α Bragg spots was associated with the disc precipitate.

Microstructure and Friction of Ion Beam Induced Amorphous Ti-Pd Alloys

1985 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
J-P. Hirvonen ◽  
M. Nastasi ◽  
J. R. Phillips ◽  
J. W. Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Composition Range ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Amorphous Region ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Solid Solution Region ◽  
Friction Measurements ◽  
Solution Region ◽  
High Equilibrium

ABSTRACTMultilayered samples of Ti-Pd with linearly varying compositions were irradiated by Xe ions at 600 keV. The induced microstructures were studied by using transmission electron microscopy and Rutherford backscattering. Mixing was found to be complete over the entire composition range, resulting in amorphous or amorphous plus crystalline structures except at the palladium-rich end, where a crystalline Pd-Ti solid solution was obtained. This is consistent with the high equilibrium solubility of Ti in Pd. In addition, significant coarsening of the microstructure caused by irradiation was found in this solid solution region.Friction measurements were carried out in air and water by using a polytetrafluoroethylene pin as a counterpart. In air the friction coefficient was independent of composition and microstructure after about 2000 passes. In water, however, after 600 passes the friction coefficient reached a steady-state value with a pronounced minimum over the amorphous region. This property was unchanged throughout the remaining 10000 passes.

Heat Treatment Influence on the Corrosion Resistance of a Cu-Al-Fe-Mn Bronze

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1055-1059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Ciurdas ◽  
Ioana Arina Gherghescu ◽  
Sorin Ciuca ◽  
Alina Daniela Necsulescu ◽  
Cosmin Cotrut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Galvanic Corrosion ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Water Quenching ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Different Temperatures

Aluminium bronzes are exhibiting good corrosion resistance in saline environments combined with high mechanical properties. Their corrosion resistance is obviously confered by the alloy chemical composition, but it can also be improved by heat treatment structural changes. In the present paper, five Cu-Al-Fe-Mn bronze samples were subjected to annealing heat treatments with furnace cooling, water quenching and water quenching followed by tempering at three different temperatures: 200, 400 and 550�C. The heating temperature on annealing and quenching was 900�C. The structure of the heat treated samples was studied by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Subsequently, the five samples were submitted to corrosion tests. The best resistance to galvanic corrosion was showed by the quenched sample, but it can be said that all samples are characterized by close values of open-circuit potentials and corrosion potentials. Concerning the susceptibility to other types of corrosion (selective leaching, pitting, crevice corrosion), the best corrosion resistant structure consists of a solid solution, g2 and k compounds, corresponding to the quenched and 550�C tempered sample.

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