Sol-Gel Processing of PbTiO3 Fibers

1990 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.I. Aoki ◽  
S. C. Choi ◽  
D.A. Payne ◽  
H. Yanagida
Keyword(s):  
Lead Titanate ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Chelating Agents ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Titanium Isopropoxide ◽  
Pyroelectric Effect ◽  
Hydrolysis And Condensation ◽  
Ceramic Microstructure ◽  
Gel Processing

ABSTRACTLead titanate fibers were formed from lead acetate and titanium isopropoxide by sol-gel methods. Additions of acids and chelating agents were used to influence hydrolysis and condensation reactions. A variety of solvents were examined, and the effect of conditioning treatments at elevated temperatures were investigated. Data are reported for the rheological behavior of viscous sols, fiber drawing ability, pyrolysis and crystallization of gels and fibers. Features of the ceramic microstructure are reported. A pyroelectric effect was measured for PbTiO3 fibers.

Nmr Spectroscopic Investigations of Pbtio3 Sol-Gel Processing

1990 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.D. Ramamurthi ◽  
D.A. Payne
Keyword(s):  
Lead Titanate ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Titanium Isopropoxide ◽  
Alkoxy Group ◽  
Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Titanium Complex ◽  
Spectroscopic Investigations ◽  
Gel Processing ◽  
Mass Spectrometric Techniques

ABSTRACTLead titanate gels were prepared by sol-gel processing from lead acetate and titanium isopropoxide in methoxyethanol. In the present study, 1H, and 13C FTNMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric techniques were used to identify the structures of lead and titanium precursors formed by refluxing lead acetate and titanium isopropoxide in methoxyethanol, respectively. Lead acetate was found to be partially alkoxylated, whereas, the titanium precursor was identified as a dimer with complete alkoxy group exchange. Similar procedures were applied to identify the lead titanium complex formed from lead and titanium precursors.

Sol-Gel Synthesis of Lead Titanate Fibres for Use in the Fabrication of Piezoceramic-Polymer Composites

1990 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Janusson ◽  
C.E. Millar ◽  
S.J. Milne
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Lead Titanate ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Titanium Isopropoxide ◽  
Polymeric Gels ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis

ABSTRACTLead titanate fibres for use in piezoceramic-polymer composites have been prepared by extrusion of polymeric gels. The gels are formed from solutions of lead acetate, titanium isopropoxide and 2-methoxyethanol. The concentration of the solution, and amount of water and acid added, proved to have a strong influence on the suitability of the gel for extrusion purposes. The drying and firing conditions have been altered to obtain dense, fully crystalline PbTiO3 fibres of 100 μm diameter.

ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Undoped Lead Titanate Ceramics via Sol-Gel Processing.

ChemInform ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (19) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
Sunuk Kim ◽  
Myong-cheol Jun ◽  
Soon-cheol Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Lead Titanate ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Titanate Ceramics ◽  
Gel Processing

Surface Morphology of Anatase TiO2 Thin Film by Sol-Gel Method

2006 ◽  
Vol 517 ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Al-Jufairi
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Titanium Isopropoxide ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Processing Route ◽  
Coating Process ◽  
Coating Films ◽  
Anatase Structure ◽  
Interferometric Technique ◽  
Structure Phase ◽  
Gel Processing

Sol-gel processing route has been used for the production of thin films from titanium isopropoxide (TIP). The surface properties and statistics results have been characterized by AFM; the coating process has been examined using SEM and optical microscope. The structure phase of TiO2 has been analyzed by XRD; the composition of TiO2 has been estimated through EDS; the thickness of film has been measured by polarized microscope in an interferometric technique. The coating films are always crystallined in the anatase structure with circular particles in nanometer size.

Sol-Gel Process form Heterometallic Alkoxides to Incorporate Alkaline- and Rare Earths in Alumina for automotive Applications

1996 ◽  
Vol 431 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Narula
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Automotive Applications ◽  
Automotive Catalysts ◽  
Heterometallic Alkoxides ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Alkaline Earths ◽  
Cost Of Materials ◽  
Gel Processing

AbstractThe high cost of materials prepared by sol-gel processing and the loss of useful surface properties at elevated temperature has prevented the application of sol-gel processed materials in automotive exhaust reduction catalyst formulations. In this report, we briefly describe the important developments needed in the next generation automotive catalysts and the role of sol-gel processed materials. We will also discuss the application of heterometallic alkoxides as sol-gel precursors to achieve the molecular distribution of lanthanides and alkaline earths in alumina matrices needed for the stabilization of alumina based materials at elevated temperatures.

scholarly journals Effects of Acetylacetone Additions on PZT Thin Film Processing

1994 ◽  
Vol 361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Schwartz ◽  
R.A. Assink ◽  
D. Dimos ◽  
M.B. Sinclair ◽  
T.J. Boyle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Precursor Solution ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Pzt Thin Film ◽  
Precursor Structure ◽  
Drying Behavior ◽  
Ceramic Microstructure ◽  
Gel Processing

ABSTRACTSol-gel processing methods are frequently used for the fabrication of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin films for many electronic applications. Our standard approach for film fabrication utilizes lead acetate and acetic acid modified metal alkoxides of zirconium and titanium in the preparation of our precursor solutions. This report highlights some of our recent results on the effects of the addition of a second chelating ligand, acetylacetone, to this process. We discuss the changes in film drying behavior, densification and ceramic microstructure which accompany acetylacetone additions to the precursor solution and relate the observed variations in processing behavior to differences in chemical precursor structure induced by the acetylacetone ligand. Improvements in thin film microstructure, ferroelectric and optical properties are observed when acetylacetone is added to the precursor solution.

Crystallization Behavior in Precursor-Modified Sol-Gel Lead

1992 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Titanate Powders ◽  
Wei-Heng Shie ◽  
Qing Lu ◽  
Wan Y. Shih
Keyword(s):  
Crystallite Size ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Titanium Isopropoxide ◽  
Structural Units ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nucleation Sites ◽  
Gel Processing ◽  
Gel Network

ABSTRACTThe molecular structure of precursors in sol-gel processing of PbTiO3 is modified via β-diketone substitution for the isopropyl groups of titanium isopropoxide. Crystallite size and crystallization behavior are studied using x-ray diffractometry and differential thermal analysis. The crystallite size decreases with increasing amount of β-diketone substitution. Whereas the weight percent of crystalline phase first decreases and then increases with increasing β-diketone substitution. Our results indicate that the β-diketone substitution reduces the size of the structural units in the gel network resulting in smaller crystallite size and more nucleation sites in the powders produced.

Non-Hydrolyzed Resins for Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Coatings

2017 ◽  
pp. 771-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Holberg
Keyword(s):  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Hybrid Coatings ◽  
Industrial Scale ◽  
Atmospheric Moisture ◽  
Inorganic Hybrid ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Hydrolysis And Condensation ◽  
Gel Processing ◽  
Area Of Application

This chapter focuses on resins based on non-hydrolyzed, monomeric and polymeric alkoxysilanes. As alternative to classical sol-gel processing, the resins are applied to a surface without a preceding hydrolysis step. Only after application, hydrolysis and condensation of the alkoxysilyl groups occur by means of atmospheric moisture to result cross-linked organic-inorganic hybrid coatings. While the use of non-hydrolyzed silanes is well established, for example by applying polyethyl silicate as binder for zinc-rich anti-corrosive primers, this chapter describes the chemical structures of various novel organic-inorganic hybrid precursors that have significantly extended the area of application to adhesives and scratch-resistant, repellent, or anti-fouling coatings. At present, individual resins are produced and applied at industrial scale in the fields of protective coatings and automotive topcoats.

FT-Raman Spectroscopic Investigations of Titanium Alkoxides with Polymerizable Organic Ligands

2000 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gbureck ◽  
U. Gbureck ◽  
W. Kiefer ◽  
U. Posset ◽  
R. Thull
Keyword(s):  
Chelating Agents ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Titanium Isopropoxide ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Titanium Alkoxides ◽  
Molecular Precursors ◽  
Ft Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Titanium Ethoxide ◽  
Ft Raman

Chelating agents are frequently used in sol-gel chemistry to decrease hydrolytic reactivity and uncontrolled precipitation of titanium alkoxides. The use of polymerizable organic compounds as chelating agents allows for the formation of copolymers consisting of hybrid inorganic/organic networks. The main task of this study was the analytical characterization of new molecular precursors and organically modified titanium oxide films. Methacrylic acid, itaconic anhydride, isoeugenol, and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid were reacted with titanium isopropoxide and titanium ethoxide to form the corresponding chelated alkoxide sols. Thin sol-gel films of these compounds on metal substrates were prepared by dip-coating and studied by Fourier transform (FT) Raman spectroscopy. The spectra were compared to those of the precursors. By means of their characteristic vibrational bands, the presence of polymerizable groups was detected in the coatings. The systems investigated are capable of acting as adhesive promoters in dental applications.

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