Industrial Applications of Enzymes From Extremophiles

Extremophilic microorganisms have developed a variety of molecular tactics to exist in extreme environments. Researchers are fascinated by extremophiles and unearth various enzymes from these fascinating microbes. Extremozymes are astonishing biocatalysts with distinctive properties of catalysis and stability under a multitude of daunting conditions of salt, pH, organic solvents, and temperature, which open up new possibilities for biocatalysis and biotransformation and outcompetes mesophilic counterparts. Biotechnological implications include simple, immobilized, as well as whole-cell applications. Stability in organic solvents adds to the asymmetric catalysis and thereby exemplifies the applicability of extremozymes and in fostering biobased economies. Marine, cold-adapted enzymes, and those that help in the removal of a toxic hazardous substance from the environment are obvious choices for food industries and bioremediation. The major area of application and research emphasis includes textile, detergents, food, dairy, agriculture, and environmental remediation.

Work Stress and Psychosocial Factors in the Manufacturing Industry

Companies are in constant search of greater productivity and better use of resources; however, they have neglected the human being. In this regard, it is important to analyze the presence of the psychosocial factors to which workers are exposed at all levels. These factors exert both a positive and a negative influence and indeed turn into a risk when they are not in balance with worker capabilities. This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the psychosocial factors present in the manufacturing industries. The methodology consisted of conducting a search in two databases in addition to government pages. A combination of keywords was used for the search, and each publication was classified according to the factors analyzed, the type of evaluation, and the area of application. Out of all 2,468 publications found, eight were selected. Finally, work-related psychosocial factors were found to be the most analyzed.

Considerations of the Mental Workload in Socio-Technical Systems in the Manufacturing Industry

As cognitive tasks have displaced physical tasks in today's manufacturing industry, this sector can demand high levels of mental workload from workers. In certain situations, there is a high cognitive load, which affects operators reducing their attention to the task and causing them mental fatigue and distractions, resulting in errors that generate economic costs or even injuries to workers. This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding the use of mental workload in the manufacturing sector. The methodology consisted of conducting a search in four databases. In the search, a combination of keywords was used, classifying each journal according to the mental workload evaluation means, the type of evaluation, and the area of application. Articles not focusing on the manufacturing area were discarded. Of the total of 3839 articles found, 12 have been selected. Regarding the methods used for mental load assessment, the analytic techniques were found to be the most frequently used.

HEXAPOD MOVEMENT ALGORITHMS TO AVOID INTERFERENCE. ANGULAR MOVEMENT

This paper considers the possibility of using a stepping robot - hexapod for research, monitoring the condition of technical dry channels, enclosed spaces and more. Compared to existing designs used today, the hexapod has a list of advantages that make it a more versatile tool, namely: autonomy, due to the power supply installed at work, design features that ensure its increased patency on uneven surfaces. Instead, this type of work requires the development of complex algorithms for movement than in the case of wheeled or tracked machines, ie. hexapod is a platform that moves the limbs, which in turn move with the help of servos. Therefore, the movement of the platform is provided by the control of each servo. In addition, environmental information is additionally processed from rangefinders, limb con-tact sensors with the surface, cameras, accelerometers, etc. Particular attention is paid to robot rotation algorithms, as the proposed scope imposes restrictions on the ability to maneuver freely in space. An algorithm for rotating robots in confined spaces based on limb state matrices has been developed, which greatly simplifies the practical implementation and allows to easily change the type of stroke during the hexapod operation. It is also proposed to introduce a buffer state matrix, which allows you to remember the last position of the limbs of the robot in case of its failure, after the elimination of which, it is possible to continue moving from any last state. Or return to the starting position and change the route. The versatility of the algorithm allows its use not only in the development of the software part of the hesapod, but also for other types of walking robots. Since the developed algorithm allows you to easily modify the types of moves at each iteration of the step. In the future, it is planned to test this algorithm on a model of a hexapod and supplement it with the necessary components for vertical movement, which is very important for passability in this area of application.

Evolution of XR Research in Brazil according to the first 22 SVR editions

Although Virtual Reality technology was first developed almost sixty years ago, there has been little survey work giving an overview on how research in VR, AR and MR evolved in Brazil along with their future trends. We provide such analysis by reviewing the development made since the first WRV event, back in 1997, until SVR 2020. The first 22 event editions may help understand how the area was explored and provide a roadmap for future research. The 609 full papers analyzed were compiled into an open catalog, available on the internet. It features important filter capabilities, enabling the quick selection of papers based on citation number, conference topic, area of application, user experiments, statistical analysis and so on. We hope this tool to be of great value to the field, and also for helping researchers decide which topics should be explored when they are beginning their own studies in the area. In this analysis, we also refer to the most frequent authors in the area and how they contributed to the field based on their expertise and research group.

Specifics of multi-storey wood-based buildings

Wood is one of the basic natural renewable materials. Knowledge of its basic properties is the first prerequisite for its proper use in various industries and in human life. Wood is the most versatile and most used material (industry, construction, agriculture, everyday life). Due to its natural character, natural drawing, favorable physical properties, it is an increasingly desirable element of the environment. In the world, but also in our country, the trend of wooden buildings is becoming more and more widespread, not only in the understanding of cottages, wooden houses and family houses using wooden elements. We are talking about office buildings, non-residential premises, but also wooden high-rise buildings. Multi-storey wooden structures are a promising area of application of wood, which requires much less energy for their production compared to other "classic" materials. The aim of this paper is to present selected aspects of multi-storey wood-based buildings and their application at present.

STUDY OF THE DIGITIZATION LEVEL OF MANUFACTURING COMPANIES

Today, advances in ICT are exponential in nature, and many technologies are now being added from which businesses can benefit from their application in their processes. Digitization is a wide area that already finds active application in businesses processes. It helps create new possibilities in terms of improving process performance, responding more quickly to changes, or helping to reduce costs for different production areas. In general, digitization in an enterprise can be understood as having specific financial as well as personnel requirements. There are few levels of digitalization that we can achieve (document digitalization, digital factory, virtual factory, and smart factory). The research goal of the article is a detailed description and comparison of the individual digitization levels and their tools. The article contains two case studies in which the analysis of processes in the form of questionnaires defines the appropriateness of the level of digitization. Also, based on the analysis, it is possible to say each of the levels of digitization has a particular area of application depending on the nature of production. The main findings of the case studies are that irrelevant digitization is costly and personally demanding without achieving more significant results without analysis. Companies' more efficient operation can be achieved even if the company does not use the latest technological advances and what simple changes need to be incorporated.

COMPONENT ANALYSIS AS ONE OF THE STRUCTURAL METHODS

The article proposes a new approach to the analysis of research methods in general and component analysis, as one of the methods of the structural method, in particular. The definition of the method, the purpose and object of the method is traced, a description of the method is given: the foundations and principles of methodological analysis, samples of their subject implementation, conditions of application. The standards and requirements for the use of the method are described. The area of application of component analysis in linguistic practice is characterized. It has been proven that component analysis allows one to describe an almost unlimited number of lexical units. Like other research methods, the method of component analysis is practically not used in "pure" form. Most often it is combined with descriptive, comparative, statistical methods of studying facts. To some extent, it intersects with the distributive-statistical method, based on the account of lexical compatibility. In this case, the components of the meaning of the word are those semantic features that are represented in the words that are combined with the studied. The structural organization of these features in the meaning of the word is carried out by its syntactic properties, and the weight of the features is determined by the frequency of words combined with given lexical units.

Interferoncontaining drugs: clinical, pharmacological, and immunological points of their use for respiratory diseases treatment

Nowadays pharmacological group classified by the ATX L03AX code as immunostimulants is demand among doctors of various specialties. The main area of application of such drugs is infectious respiratory viral processes, which are associated not only with the pathogenetic action of viruses, but also with a high risk of bacterial complications. Thus, the practitioner is faced with the task of preventing such complications and choosing an immunomodulatory drug with the most pronounced pharmacodynamic properties in this regard. In Russia, there are many drugs belonging to the group of immunomodulators with different mechanisms of action and end pharmacological and immunological points of application. The emphasis of the mechanisms of action of such drugs is made on the effect on the systems of both innate and adaptive immunity. At the same time, the severity of the effect on both one and the other immune system in drugs that is strong enough may differ, which requires special attention from the doctor when choosing a drug in a particular situation. A special place in the group of immunomodulatory drugs used for infectious respiratory diseases is occupied by interferoncontaining drugs that contain interferon alfa-2b (IFN-a2b). In addition, there are combination of IFN-a2b with an immunoglobulin complex, which increases the effectiveness of this drug in the treatment of various infectious and inflammatory diseases. The article describes the theoretical and practical aspects of administration this combined drug in pediatric practice and presents own experimental studies.

Tribological Studies of Bamboo Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Composites Using a BOD Technique

To reduce the emission of harmful materials into the ecosystem, researchers have been exploring the potential of manufacturing polymeric composites based on natural fibres. Although the large area of application of these materials has encouraged investigations of their performance under various loading conditions, less research has been conducted on their tribological behaviour. Hence, in this study, tribological tests were conducted on epoxy composites based on bamboo fibres. The wear performance of bamboo fibre reinforced epoxy was tested using various operating parameters, and the worn surfaces were examined using optical microscopy. The results revealed that the specific wear rate of the composites reduced since the epoxy was reinforced with bamboo fibres. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed different wear mechanisms and damages.