Characterization of Heavy Metal Contamination in Diamond Films Using Sims, Txrf, and RBS

1989 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Hockett ◽  
James Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Microwave Plasma ◽  
Diamond Films ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Non Destructive

ABSTRACTIntentionally contaminated DC and microwave plasma deposited diamond films were used to evaluate the characterization capability of SIMS, TXRF and RBS for heavy metal measurements. The results showed SIMS is the preferred analytical technique for heavy metal impurities in the diamond films, and TXRF for the top surface analysis of the substrate and pre-processed substrate. In addition TXRF may provide a quick, non-destructive qualitative characterization of the diamond film surface and bulk. The RBS can provide qualitative and quantitative information if the impurity levels are high enough (above 1013 atoms/cm2).

Structure And Stress Evaluation Of Diamond Films Deposited On Ti-6A1-4V Alloy At Low Temperature Using Ch4/O2/H2 And CO/H2 Gas Mixtures

1997 ◽  
Vol 505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane A. Catledge ◽  
Yogesh K. Vohra
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Microwave Plasma ◽  
Diamond Films ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Gas Mixtures ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition

ABSTRACTLow temperature diamond deposition on metal substrates is motivated by the need to reduce thermal stress so that the film adhesion is satisfactory. Although the use of oxygen-con- taining gas mixtures have been shown to extend the temperature range for which diamond can grow as well as to improve film quality, most studies have focused on the use of silicon as sub- strates and have neglected technologically important metallic systems. To this end, microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) was used to grow diamond films on Ti-6A1-4V alloy at low temperature (615 to 780 C) using CH4/O2/H2 and CO/H2 gas mixtures. In-situ pyrometric interferometry (ISPI) shows that as the oxygen concentration increases, the onset time for dia- mond nucleation and subsequent film surface roughness increases while the average growth rate decreases. Micro-Raman spectroscopy shows improved film quality and suggests a trend toward increasing in-plane compressive stress with increasing oxygen concentration. Glancing-angle x- ray diffraction (XRD) was complimentary to the Raman data and indicates the presence of a TiC interfacial layer thickness which decreases with increasing oxygen concentration. We found that the CO/H2 mixture resulted in poorly adhered “white soot” films with low diamond content whereas the CH4/O2/H2 mixture yielded well adhered high quality diamond films.

Beyond Death: Forensic Investigations of pre-Columbian Mummies from the Tarapacá Valley, Chile, Using Variable Pressure SEM and Raman Spectroscopy

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Prikhodko ◽  
C. Fischer ◽  
R. Boytner ◽  
M. C. Lozada ◽  
M. Uribe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Mortuary Practices ◽  
Variable Pressure ◽  
Scientific Investigations ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
Non Destructive

Variable pressure scanning electron microscopy (VPSEM) coupled with other non-destructive analytical methods, such as energy dispersive (EDS) and Raman spectroscopy (RS) offers new capabilities for non-invasive imaging and chemical characterization of archaeological materials. This article underlines the application of VPSEM-EDS-RS on bioarchaeological specimens of pre-Columbian mummies from the Tarapacá Valley in northern Chile. The aim of the scientific investigations is to identify nonanatomical features and to provide qualitative and quantitative information at molecular levels, complementing the morphological record from studies in physical anthropology, in an effort to understand mortuary practices in the Tarapacá Valley and the effects of the burial environment in the preservation of mummified human remains.

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