scholarly journals Microencapsulation of Liquid Cyanoacrylate via In Situ Polymerization for Self-healing Bone Cement Application – ERRATUM

2012 ◽  
Vol 1417 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Vineela D. Gandham ◽  
Alice B.W. Brochu ◽  
William M. Reichert
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cement ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Healing Bone

Microencapsulation of Liquid Cyanoacrylate via In situ Polymerization for Self-healing Bone Cement Application

2012 ◽  
Vol 1417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vineela D. Gandham ◽  
Alice B.W. Brochu ◽  
William M. Reichert
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cement ◽  
Interfacial Polymerization ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Tissue Adhesive ◽  
Material System ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 200 ◽  
Healing Agent

ABSTRACTStructural polymers are susceptible to accumulated damage in the form of internal microcracks that propagate through the material, resulting in mechanical failure. Self- healing approaches offer a solution to repair these damages automatically. The first generation self-healing material system includes a microencapsulated healing agent within a catalyst-embedded matrix. Propagating microcracks rupture the microcapsules, releasing the liquid healing agent into the damaged region. Catalyst-triggered polymerization of the released healing agent repairs the damage. Our research focuses on a similar approach for addressing “damage accumulation failure” of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement caused by microcrack initiation and propagation. In this study, polyurethane (PU) microcapsules containing a tissue adhesive, 2-octylcyanoacrylate (OCA) were synthesized using in situ interfacial polymerization of toluene-2,4-diisocynate (TDI) and polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG 200) through an oil-in-oil-in-water microemulsion (o/o/w). The process was optimized by studying different combinations of organic solvents, surfactants, temperatures, agitation rates, pH, and reaction times and their effects on microencapsulation were observed. Microcapsule surface morphology, size, shell thickness, encapsulated OCA viability, thermal degradation, and chemical structure of the microcapsule shell were evaluated using a stereoscope, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).

Microencapsulation of Epoxy Resins for Self-Healing Material

2010 ◽  
Vol 148-149 ◽  
pp. 1031-1035
Author(s):  
Yang Zhao ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Le Ping Liao ◽  
Wu Jun Li ◽  
Yi Xin
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Agitation Rate ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Oil In Water Emulsion

With the development of the embedded microcapsule concept for self-healing material, the preparation of microcapsule has been paid more attentions. A new series of microcapsules were prepared by in situ polymerization technology in an oil-in-water emulsion with polyoxymethylene urea (PMU) as shell material and a mixture of epoxy resins as core material. The PMU microcapsules were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), particle size analyzer and thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA) to investigate their chemical structure, surface morphology, size distribution and thermal stability, respectively. The results indicate that PMU microcapsules containing epoxy resins can be synthesized successfully. The optimized reaction parameters were obtained as follow: agitation rate 600 rpm, 60°C water bath, pH=3.5, core material 20ml and hot water dilution by in-situ polymerization. The size is around 116 μm. The rough outer surface of microcapsule is composed of agglomerated PMU nanoparticles. The microcapsules basically exhibit good storage stability at room temperature, and they are chemically stable before the heating temperature is up to approximately 200°C.

Reusable Self-Healing Hydrogels Realized via in Situ Polymerization

2015 ◽  
Vol 119 (14) ◽  
pp. 4881-4887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balachandran Vivek ◽  
Edamana Prasad
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Self Healing

scholarly journals Multi Self-Healable UV Shielding Polyurethane/CeO2 Protective Coating: The Effect of Low-Molecular-Weight Polyols

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1947
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Rami Suleiman ◽  
Md. Hasan Zahir ◽  
Aasif Helal ◽  
A. Madhan Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Outdoor Exposure ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Polydimethyl Siloxane ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Uv Shielding ◽  
Ceo2 Coating

We prepared a series of polyurethane (PU) coatings with defined contents using poly(tetramethylene oxide)glycol (PTMG) with two different molecular weights (i.e., Mn = 2000 and 650), as well as polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) with a molecular weight of Mn 550. For every coating, maximum adhesive strength and excellent self-healing character (three times) were found using 6.775 mol% mixed with low-molecular-weight-based polyols (PU-11-3-3). Defined 1.0 wt% CeO2 was also used for the PU-11-3-3 coating (i.e., PU-11-3-3-CeO2) to obtain UV shielding properties. Both the in situ polymerization and blending processes were separately applied during the preparation of the PU-11-3-3-CeO2 coating dispersion. The in situ polymerization-based coating (i.e., PU-11-3-3-CeO2-P) showed similar self-healing properties. The PU-11-3-3-CeO2-P coating also showed excellent UV shielding in real outdoor exposure conditions.

scholarly journals Self-Healing EPDM Rubbers with Highly Stable and Mechanically-Enhanced Urea-Formaldehyde (UF) Microcapsules Prepared by Multi-Step In Situ Polymerization

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeong-Jun Jeoung ◽  
Kun Won Kim ◽  
Yong Jun Chang ◽  
Yong Chae Jung ◽  
Hyunchul Ku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Grubbs Catalyst ◽  
Healing Efficiency

The mechanically-enhanced urea-formaldehyde (UF) microcapsules are developed through a multi-step in situ polymerization method. Optical microscope (OM) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) prove that the microcapsules, 147.4 μm in diameter with a shell thickness of 600 nm, are well-formed. From 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) analysis, we found that dicyclopentadiene (DCPD), a self-healing agent encapsulated by the microcapsules, occupies ca. 40.3 %(v/v) of the internal volume of a single capsule. These microcapsules are mixed with EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer) and Grubbs’ catalyst via a solution mixing method, and universal testing machine (UTM) tests show that the composites with mechanically-enhanced microcapsules has ca. 47% higher toughness than the composites with conventionally prepared UF microcapsules, which is attributed to the improved mechanical stability of the microcapsule. When the EPDM/microcapsule rubber composites are notched, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy shows that DCPD leaks from the broken microcapsule to the damaged site and flows to fill the notched valley, and self-heals as it is cured by Grubbs’ catalyst. The self-healing efficiency depends on the capsule concentration in the EPDM matrix. However, the self-healed EPDM/microcapsule rubber composite with over 15 wt% microcapsule shows an almost full recovery of the mechanical strength and 100% healing efficiency.

Synthesis of robust and self-healing polyurethane/halloysite coating via in-situ polymerization

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Changhong Lin ◽  
Puyou Ying ◽  
Min Huang ◽  
Ping Zhang ◽  
Tao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Self Healing

The Preparation and Research of Microcapsules in Self-Healing Coatings

2013 ◽  
Vol 800 ◽  
pp. 471-475
Author(s):  
Wang Rui ◽  
Qian Jin Mao ◽  
Qi Dong Liu ◽  
Xiao Yu Ma ◽  
Su Ping Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Agitation Rate ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Oil In Water ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer ◽  
Oil In Water Emulsion ◽  
The Impact

The self-healing polymer material which was embedded microcapsules possesses the ability to heal cracks automatically. The microcapsules were synthesized by in-situ polymerization in an oil-in-water emulsion with urea and formaldehyde as the raw shell material,and epoxy resin (E-51)/ xylene as the core material. The impact of stirring speed on the morphology and particle size of synthetic microcapsules were discussed by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR).Microcapsules of 400~1500 um in diameter were produced by appropriate selection of agitation rate in the range of 300~600 r/min.

Microencapsulation of Styrene/Epoxydiacrylate via In Situ Polymerization of Melamine-Formaldehyde

2011 ◽  
Vol 393-395 ◽  
pp. 1279-1282
Author(s):  
Hai Ping Wang
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Melamine Formaldehyde ◽  
Core Content ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
And Storage

Microcapsules containing the mixture of styrene and epoxydiacrylate (St/E51-AA) for use in self-healing thermoplastic composites were synthesized by in-situ polymerization using melamine-formaldehyde (MF) as shell materials. The microcapsules were prepared in two consecutive steps, emulsification of St/E51-AA in water and then, encapsulation. The chemical structure of microcapsule was identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR), respectively. Morphology and shell wall thickness of microcapsule were observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The effect of dispersion rates, through a limited range, was carefully examined on the particle size and core content of microcapsules. It was found that styrene/ epoxydiacrylate-loaded microcapsules were successfully prepared through the proposed technical route, and their mean diameters fell in the range of 36~110 μm. Both core content and microcapsule size can be adjusted by selecting different dispersion rates. The highest loading of St/E51-AA in the resultant microcapsules can be about 85%. In terms of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), thermal behavior and storage stability of the capsules were studied.

The Preparation of Microcapsules Used for Self-Healing Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 2319-2322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ru Tian ◽  
Yu Dong Zheng ◽  
Xin Liang ◽  
Zhang Ming Zhou ◽  
Xiao Li Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Melamine Formaldehyde ◽  
Stirring Rate ◽  
The Stability

Microcapsules were prepared by in situ polymerization of melamine-formaldehyde resin to form shell over oxygen resin droplets. Stirring rate, temperature, pH value as well as mass ratio of shell and core are the main parameters affecting the stability of microcapsules. High stirring rate leads to small size of microcapsules. The temperature influences the speed of the reaction and the morphology. The pH value decides whether the condensation reaction can take place. The size of microcapsules is about 15-61um.

scholarly journals Green synthesis of nanocapsules for self-healing anticorrosion coating using ultrasound-assisted approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uday D. Bagale ◽  
Shirish H. Sonawane ◽  
Bharat A. Bhanvase ◽  
Ravindra D. Kulkarni ◽  
Parag R. Gogate
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Inhibition ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
Epoxy Coating ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted

Abstract The present work deals with the production of nanocapsules containing a natural corrosion inhibition component. Azadirachta indica was encapsulated in urea-formaldehyde polymeric shell using ultrasound-assisted and conventional approaches of in situ polymerization. Subsequently nanocapsules were incorporated into clear epoxy polyamide to develop the green self-healing corrosion inhibition coating. The actual performance of the coating was evaluated based on the studies involving the repair of the crack of high solid surface coating. Corrosion inhibition of the healed area has been evaluated using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and immersion test based on the use of standard epoxy coating. The obtained results confirmed better corrosion protection in terms of the electrochemical impendence spectroscopy data and Tafel plot. It was found that current density decreases from 0.0011 A/cm2 (for standard epoxy coating) to 5.22 E−7 A/cm2 as 4 wt% nanocapsules incorporated in coating.

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