Effect of diets with different inclusion levels of distillers dried grain with solubles combined with lysine and methionine supplementation on the lipid peroxidation and glutathione status of chickens

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónika Heincinger ◽  
Krisztián Balogh ◽  
Hedvig Fébel ◽  
Márta Erdélyi ◽  
Miklós Mézes
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Extract Content ◽  
Malondialdehyde Content ◽  
Methionine Supplementation ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Gshpx Activity

To study the possible effects of different inclusion levels of distillers dried grain with solubles (DDGS) on the lipid peroxidation and glutathione redox status of chickens, 200 three-week-old Ross 308 cockerels were assigned to four treatment groups of 50 birds each. The groups were fed a control and three experimental, isocaloric and isonitrogenous grower diets containing 15, 20 and 25% DDGS, respectively, combined with lysine (Lys) and methionine (Met) supplementation until 6 weeks of age. It was found that DDGS inclusion increased the ether extract content of the diets which resulted in higher reduced glutathione (GSH) content and elevated glutathione peroxidase activity (GSHPx) in the liver. However, DDGS addition with Lys and Met supplementation did not influence the malondialdehyde content of the blood and the liver. The oleic acid proportion of the diet showed a close positive correlation with GSH content of the liver. A smaller ratio of methionine and cysteine in the diet with DDGS resulted in significantly higher liver GSH content. GSHPx activity increased parallel with the elevated GSH content of the liver homogenate, suggesting that the enzyme is activated by the actual supply of its co-substrate. In conclusion, the results show that DDGS, even at a high inclusion level combined with Lys and Met supplementation, has no initiative effect on lipid peroxidation in the blood and liver of broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Effects of processing methods and levels of inclusion of Jatropha curcas kernel meal on performance, organ characteristics, haematology and serum chemistry of finisher broiler chickens

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-83
Author(s):  
Taiwo Ojediranemiola ◽  
Ayodeji Ajayi ◽  
A. Isiak
Keyword(s):  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Factorial Model ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Kernel Meal ◽  
Inclusion Level

Three hundred 21-day-old broiler chicks were reared using a 3 x 3 factorial model in a completely randomized design with 10 treatment groups having 3 replicates of 10 birds each. The birds were raised on a commercial starter diet at the starter phase before being allotted into dietary groups in a 21-d feeding trial at the finisher phase. The interaction between treatment and varying inclusion levels of processed-fermented Jatropha curcas (L) kernel meals (JKM) on the performance of broiler chicks was investigated. Jatropha curcas kernels were subjected to three different processing methods, namely: raw defatted fermented meal (RDFM), cooked defatted fermented meal (CDFM) and lye treated defatted fermented meal (LDFM). Each meal was included at varying inclusion levels of 2.5%, 5.0% and 7.5% such that diet 1 (control) contained 0% JKM while diets 2, 3, 4 contained 2.5%, 5.0% and 7.5% RDFM, diets 5, 6, and 7 contained 2.5%, 5.0% and 7.5% CDFM and diets 8, 9, 10 contained 2.5%, 5.0% and 7.5% LDFM. Feeding differently processed-fermented JKM to these broilers did not (p>0.05) compromise the feed conversion ratio. The results indicated an improvement (p<0.05) in the weight gain of broiler chicks fed CDFM and LDFM at 2.5 and 5.0% inclusion levels respectively. There were significantly (P<0.05) elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase and creatinine in their blood serum. The kidney, lungs and proventriculus of birds fed CDFM showed significant differences (p<0.05) among the treatments. Therefore, finisher broilers could tolerate up to 5.0% inclusion level of LDFM.

Antioxidant changes in hypertrophied and failing guinea pig hearts

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (4) ◽  
pp. H1280-H1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Dhalla ◽  
P. K. Singal
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Failure Group ◽  
Malondialdehyde Content ◽  
Ventricular Wall Thickness ◽  
Gshpx Activity

Hypertrophy and heart failure were induced by placing a mildly constrictive band around the ascending aorta in young guinea pigs. Based on heart weight, left ventricular wall thickness, hemodynamic data, and other clinical signs, these animals were found to have physiological hypertrophy at 10 wk and congestive heart failure (CHF) at 20 wk. Hearts from these two groups of animals were examined for superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), and catalase activities as well as lipid peroxidation and glutathione [reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG)] levels. There was an age-dependent increase in SOD activity and GSH content in sham controls. SOD activity was 28% higher in the 10-wk-hypertrophy group and 46% lower in the CHF group than in respective sham controls. GSHPx activity increased significantly in the hypertrophied hearts, whereas in the failing hearts, the activity was not different from the 20-wk controls but was significantly lower than in the hypertrophied hearts. Catalase activity did not change at either stage. GSH content in the hypertrophied hearts was significantly higher compared with sham controls. In the CHF group, GSH content was significantly lower and GSSG content was significantly higher than in sham controls. Lipid peroxidation, as indicated by malondialdehyde content, was significantly decreased in the hypertrophy group but increased toward control levels in the failure group. It is proposed that a relative deficit in myocardial antioxidant capacity as well as in the redox state may play a role in the pathogenesis of cardiac failure.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Combination of Methionine and Fish Oil on Cellular Immunity and Plasma Fatty Acids in Infectious Bursal Disease Challenged Chickens

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Maroufyan ◽  
Azhar Kasim ◽  
Goh Yong Meng ◽  
Mahdi Ebrahimi ◽  
Loh Teck Chwen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Bursal Disease ◽  
Methionine Supplementation

This study was carried out to investigate the modulatory effects of dietary methionine and fish oil on immune response, plasma fatty acid profile, and blood parameters of infectious bursal disease (IBD) challenged broiler chickens. A total of 300 one-day-old male broiler chicks were assigned to one of six dietary treatment groups in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. There were three levels of fish oil (0, 2.5 and 5.5%), and two levels of methionine (NRC recommendation and twice NRC recommendation). The results showed that the birds fed with 5.5% fish oil had higher total protein, white blood cell count, and IL-2 concentration than those of other groups at 7 days after IBD challenge. Inclusion of fish oil in diet had no effect on IFN-γconcentration. However, supplementation of methionine twice the recommendation enhanced the serum IFN-γand globulin concentration. Neither of fish oil nor methionine supplementation affected the liver enzymes concentration. It can be suggested that a balance of moderate level of fish oil (2.5%) and methionine level (twice NRC recommendation) might enhance immune response in IBD challenged broiler chickens.

Quality and stability of meat obtained from broiler chickens fed diets containing tonic root (Mondia whitei) as supplement

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
K. A. Sanwo ◽  
A. V. Adegoke ◽  
O. Y. Ayo – Ajasa ◽  
A. O. Fagbohun ◽  
T. M. Adeyanju
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Inclusion Level

Tonic root has been speculated to improve Libido and this could have effect on performance and carcass traits of the animal. Afifty-six days experiment was conducted to determine meat quality of Abor acre Strain of broiler chickens fed graded dietary inclusion of supplemental white ginger (Mondia whitei). One hundred and eighty, one day-old broiler chicks were assigned to five treatment groups with three replicates per group. Birds on treatment one were fed concentrate with no supplements, those on treatment two had concentrate + 0.5g Mondia whitei per kg feed, treatment three had concentrate + 1g Mondia whitei per kg feed; Treatment 4 had concentrate with 1.5g Mondia whitei per kg feed and treatment five had concentrate + 2g Mondia whitei per kg feed. At the end of the eight weeks feeding trial, three birds each from each replicate of five treatment groups were randomly selected, deprived of food for 12 hours prior to slaughtering. After the traditional slaughtering method, feather plucking and evisceration were done and breast muscles were excised from the carcasses for quality parameters evaluation. The results showed significance (P< 0.05) in some measured parameters such as colour, yellowness (b*) and Lightness (L*). Highest (P<0.05) triglyceride content of meat (145.33 mg/dL) was recorded in the meat of birds fed inclusion level at 0.5g/kg and the lowest value (91.67mg/dL) in the meat of birds fed inclusion level of 1g/kg. Breast muscles had the highest (P<0.05) pH score 6.72 at 1g/kg inclusion level and least value of 6.51 was in the control group. Dietary inclusion of Mondia whitei showed no significant (P>0.05) effect on cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Although superoxide dismutase (SOD) and water absorptive power were not significantly (P>0.05) influenced, cooking and refrigeration loss as well as thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) in meat were significantly (P<0.05) lowest in birds fed 1g/kg dietary inclusion level of Mondia whitei. Some phytochemicals and overall sensory acceptability were statistically influenced by the dietary treatments.

scholarly journals Effects of Cyclic High Ambient Temperature and Dietary Supplementation of Orotic Acid, a Pyrimidine Precursor, on Plasma and Muscle Metabolites in Broiler Chickens

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Saki Shimamoto ◽  
Kiriko Nakamura ◽  
Shozo Tomonaga ◽  
Satoru Furukawa ◽  
Akira Ohtsuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Orotic Acid ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
High Ambient Temperature ◽  
Pyrimidine Metabolism ◽  
Acid Supplementation ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Plasma Malondialdehyde

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of high ambient temperature (HT) and orotic acid supplementation on the plasma and muscle metabolomic profiles in broiler chickens. Thirty-two 14-day-old broiler chickens were divided into four treatment groups that were fed diets with or without 0.7% orotic acid under thermoneutral (25 ± 1 °C) or cyclic HT (35 ± 1 °C for 8 h/day) conditions for 2 weeks. The chickens exposed to HT had higher plasma malondialdehyde concentrations, suggesting an increase in lipid peroxidation, which is alleviated by orotic acid supplementation. The HT environment also affected the serine, glutamine, and tyrosine plasma concentrations, while orotic acid supplementation affected the aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and tyrosine plasma concentrations. Untargeted gas chromatography–triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS)-based metabolomics analysis identified that the HT affected the plasma levels of metabolites involved in purine metabolism, ammonia recycling, pyrimidine metabolism, homocysteine degradation, glutamate metabolism, urea cycle, β-alanine metabolism, glycine and serine metabolism, and aspartate metabolism, while orotic acid supplementation affected metabolites involved in pyrimidine metabolism, β-alanine metabolism, the malate–aspartate shuttle, and aspartate metabolism. Our results suggest that cyclic HT affects various metabolic processes in broiler chickens, and that orotic acid supplementation ameliorates HT-induced increases in lipid peroxidation.

scholarly journals Supplemental methionine and stocking density affect antioxidant status, fatty acid profiles, and growth performance of broiler chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D Magnuson ◽  
Guanchen Liu ◽  
Tao Sun ◽  
Samar A Tolba ◽  
Lin Xi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Heat Shock Protein 90 ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Impaired Health ◽  
Methionine Supplementation

Abstract Broilers stocked in high densities may be prone to oxidative and inflammatory insults, resulting in impaired health status, growth performance, and meat quality. This study was to determine if 30% extra supplemental dl-methionine alleviated or prevented those adverse effects of a higher stocking density in broiler chickens. A total of 560 male Cornish Cross cockerels (day old) were divided into four groups: two stocking densities (9 and 12 birds/m2) and two supplementations of methionine (grower: 2.90 or 3.77 g/kg and finisher: 2.60 or 3.38 g/kg). Growth performance was recorded weekly. Blood and tissues were sampled at the end of each period. High stocking density decreased (P &lt; 0.05) body weight and growth performance of growers and (or) finishers. Those differences were partially attenuated by the extra methionine supplementation. The high methionine elevated (P &lt; 0.05) glutathione (GSH) concentration in the thigh at both ages (&gt; 24%). The high stocking density elevated (&gt;28%, P &lt; 0.05) glutathione concentration in the plasma, breast, and thigh of growers, but decreased (P &lt; 0.05) it in the liver of growers and thigh of finishers. Interaction effects (P &lt; 0.05) between dietary methionine and stocking density were found on activities of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione S-transferase in the liver of growers and breast, thigh, and adipose tissue of finishers. The interaction effect was also found on activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in the thigh of growers. The extra methionine decreased (P &lt; 0.05) hepatic gene expression of heat shock protein 90 (18%) and thigh and breast malondialdehyde concentrations of the finishers (35%). In conclusion, the 30% extra dl-methionine supplementation was able to partially mitigate adverse effects caused by the higher stocking density and to improve the redox status of the broilers.

scholarly journals Effect of Short-Term Tacrolimus Exposure on Rat Liver: An Insight into Serum Antioxidant Status, Liver Lipid Peroxidation, and Inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
N. Fatima ◽  
N. Sheikh ◽  
A. R. Satoskar ◽  
T. Akhtar ◽  
A. Tayyeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Liver Lipid ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Short Term Exposure

Tacrolimus (TAC) is an immunosuppressive drug, optimally used for liver, kidney, and heart transplant to avoid immune rejection. In retrospect, a multitude of studies have reported effects of TAC, such as nephrotoxicity, diabetes, and other complications. However, limited information is available regarding short-term exposure of TAC on the liver. Therefore, the present study was designed to unravel the effects of short-term exposure of TAC on a rat model. The animal model was established by TAC administration for 6, 12, 24, and 48 h time points. Liver histopathological changes were observed with PAS-D, reticulin stain, and immunostaining of PCNA and CK-7 coupled with glycogen quantification in a liver homogenate. TUNEL assay was performed to evaluate the DNA damage in the liver. Concentration of GSH and activities of SOD and CAT in the serum were measured to assess the antioxidant status, whereas liver tissue MDA level was measured as a biomarker of oxidative stress. Hepatic gene expression analysis of IL-10, IL-13, SOCS-2, and SOCS-3 was performed by RT-PCR. Results revealed marked changes in liver architecture of all TAC-treated groups, as evidenced by sinusoid dilation, hepatocyte derangement, glycogen deposition, and collapsed reticulin fibers. Significant increase in PCNA and CK-7 immunostaining along with the presence of TUNEL-positive cells was revealed in treatment groups as compared to the control group. Serum antioxidant enzyme status was markedly decreased, whereas the liver MDA level was increased in TAC treatment groups indicating oxidative stress induction. The gene expression profile of cytokines was significantly upregulated in treatment groups highlighting an inflammatory response. In conclusion, results of the current study propose that even a short-term TAC exposure can induce change in antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation. Therefore, these factors should be considered to avoid and minimize immunosuppression-related issues in a prolonged course of treatment.

scholarly journals The effect of feeding a diet naturally contaminated with deoxynivalenol on production traits and selected biochemical indicators of broiler chickens

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márta Erdélyi ◽  
Mária Weber ◽  
Krisztián Balogh ◽  
Zsolt Ancsin ◽  
Miklós Mézes
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
Glutathione Redox ◽  
In Blood Plasma

The effect of feeding a diet naturally contaminated with deoxynivalenol (DON) (0-21 days: 1.50 mg·kg-1; 22-39 days: 1.54 mg·kg-1) was studied in 40 broiler chickens. Birds were divided into two groups fed a control diet and a diet contaminated with DON (n = 20 in each). Feed intake was measured daily and individual live weight weekly; daily weight gain and feed to gain ratio were calculated. Five animals from each group were euthanized on days 21and 39 when blood (blood plasma and red blood cell haemolysates) and liver samples were collected. Concentration of triglyceride, uric acid and glucose and activities of ALT, AST and LDH were measured in blood plasma. Indicators of lipid peroxide and glutathione redox status, malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione concentration and glutathione-peroxidase activity were measured in blood plasma, red blood cell haemolysates and liver homogenates. The low dose of DON did not cause difference in the production traits, but caused significantly lower concentration of uric acid and glucose, and significantly higher concentration of triglyceride in blood plasma on day 21. Enzyme activities in blood plasma did not differ significantly between the treatment groups. Among the markers of lipid peroxide and glutathione redox status, malondialdehyde content was significantly higher in liver homogenate on day 21 in the group fed with DON contaminated diet, but reduced glutathione content and glutathione peroxidase activity did not differ significantly between the treatment groups. The results showed that diet contaminated even with a low content of deoxynivalenol caused alterations in selected biochemical indicators of blood and liver of broiler chicken.

scholarly journals Performance and serum biochemistry of broiler chickens fed diet supplemented with Annona senegalensis-Garlic Cocktail

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
Muhammad Haruna Garba ◽  
Ampitan Titus Ayodele ◽  
Kehinde Moruff Adelakun ◽  
Nasiru Salihu ◽  
Sabi’u Murtala Dambazau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Inclusion Level

Background: Animals eat to acquire the energy and building materials that they need to live and grow the nutrient required to achieve such, abound in phyto-materials. The synergistic, additive, or complementary immuno-modulatory effects of phytocomponents from A. senegalensis and Alium cepa were evaluated in this work. Methods: Seventy indigenously developed varieties of day-old broilers were divided in a completely randomized design(CRD) into 5 (n=14) treatment groups (T1-T5) treatments with 2 replicates per treatment. At the finisher level, 0.0, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 kg of the A. senegalensis-garlic (ASG) cocktail was added to the normal finisher diet. Results: Feed consumption tends to increase significantly (p≤0.05) with the increased level of ASG Cocktail. values recorded 1405±17.9 g, 1450±21.5 g, 1310±20.6 g, 1450±17.3 g, 1340±15.3g for T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 respectively were recorded. There is a significant difference (p≤0.05) in the total protein (TP) at different inclusion levels with 0.5% having the highest value of 57.95±4.07 g/dl. The triglycerides and cholesterol levels decrease as the ASG inclusion level increases which shows the anticholesteremic potency of the blend. There are significant increases (p≤0.05) in the albumin and globulin concentrations as the level of ASG inclusion increased. However, while there is a significant increase (p≤0.05) in the aspartate transaminase along the concentration gradient, the reverse is the case with regards to alanine transaminase. A significant decrease (p≤0.05) in bilirubin concentration along the inclusion gradient (except in T5). There was a significant increase (p≤0.05) in body weight across the inclusion gradient except in T3. The Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) follows a regular pattern with a range of 0.51-0.53 except for the birds fed with 0.3% inclusion (T3) that recorded a higher (poor) value of 0.89. Conclusion: Supplementation with ASG cocktail improves the performance and the immune-competence of the bird at the finisher stage

Intestinal digestibility of selected minerals, growth performance and meat quality in turkeys fed diets supplemented with different sources and levels of zinc

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil Otowski ◽  
Aleksandra Drażbo ◽  
Katarzyna Ognik ◽  
Krzysztof Kozłowski
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Zn Addition ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Intestinal Digestibility

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine whether dietary supplementation with zinc oxide nanoparticales (NP-ZnO) as a substitute for the conventional ZnO affects the intestinal digestibility of selected minerals, growth performance and meat quality in turkeys. The replacement of ZnO with NP-ZnO had no effect on the intestinal digestibility of Zn, Cu, Fe and Ca, whereas the lowest dose of supplemental Zn reduced Zn digestibility. The applied inclusion levels and sources of Zn had no effect on the growth performance (except the feed intake) of turkeys, including liveability. No differences in the relative weights of the heart, spleen and bursa of Fabricius (except the liver), or the weights of the femur and tibia were found between the dietary treatments. Neither the dose nor the source of supplemental Zn influenced carcass dressing percentage or the share of breast, thigh and drumstick muscles in the carcass. In comparison with the highest and moderate doses of Zn, the lowest inclusion level of Zn contributed to increased yellowness of breast meat (P=0.005). The analyzed doses and sources of supplemental Zn exerted varied effects on the redox status of fresh and frozen breast meat. In conclusion, the growth performance of turkeys, carcass yield and composition as well as the redox status of fresh and frozen breast meat were generally similar, regardless of the dietary source and level of Zn. The beneficial effect of Zn addition at 100 mg/kg was improved Zn and Ca digestibility, and increased redness of breast meat.

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