scholarly journals Effect of Short-Term Tacrolimus Exposure on Rat Liver: An Insight into Serum Antioxidant Status, Liver Lipid Peroxidation, and Inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
N. Fatima ◽  
N. Sheikh ◽  
A. R. Satoskar ◽  
T. Akhtar ◽  
A. Tayyeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Liver Lipid ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Short Term Exposure

Tacrolimus (TAC) is an immunosuppressive drug, optimally used for liver, kidney, and heart transplant to avoid immune rejection. In retrospect, a multitude of studies have reported effects of TAC, such as nephrotoxicity, diabetes, and other complications. However, limited information is available regarding short-term exposure of TAC on the liver. Therefore, the present study was designed to unravel the effects of short-term exposure of TAC on a rat model. The animal model was established by TAC administration for 6, 12, 24, and 48 h time points. Liver histopathological changes were observed with PAS-D, reticulin stain, and immunostaining of PCNA and CK-7 coupled with glycogen quantification in a liver homogenate. TUNEL assay was performed to evaluate the DNA damage in the liver. Concentration of GSH and activities of SOD and CAT in the serum were measured to assess the antioxidant status, whereas liver tissue MDA level was measured as a biomarker of oxidative stress. Hepatic gene expression analysis of IL-10, IL-13, SOCS-2, and SOCS-3 was performed by RT-PCR. Results revealed marked changes in liver architecture of all TAC-treated groups, as evidenced by sinusoid dilation, hepatocyte derangement, glycogen deposition, and collapsed reticulin fibers. Significant increase in PCNA and CK-7 immunostaining along with the presence of TUNEL-positive cells was revealed in treatment groups as compared to the control group. Serum antioxidant enzyme status was markedly decreased, whereas the liver MDA level was increased in TAC treatment groups indicating oxidative stress induction. The gene expression profile of cytokines was significantly upregulated in treatment groups highlighting an inflammatory response. In conclusion, results of the current study propose that even a short-term TAC exposure can induce change in antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation. Therefore, these factors should be considered to avoid and minimize immunosuppression-related issues in a prolonged course of treatment.

229 SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE OF MATURE OOCYTES TO A NITRIC OXIDE DONOR FOR INDUCING OXIDATIVE STRESS RESISTANCE ON IN VITRO-PRODUCED BOVINE EMBRYOS

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
C. Cheuquemán ◽  
P. Loren ◽  
M. Arias ◽  
J. Risopatrón ◽  
R. Felmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Nitric Oxide Donor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Relative Gene Expression ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Relative Gene

Recent studies have shown that short-term exposure of oocytes to stressors such as hydrostatic pressure, osmotic stress, and oxidative stress might induce stress tolerance in embryos. In this research we studied the effect of short-term exposure of bovine in vitro-matured cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) with a nitric oxide donor (SNP) on IVF, embryo development, embryo quality, and relative gene expression related to cell redox state regulation. The COC were selected and matured in TCM 199 supplemented with 10% inactivated FBS, 6 mg mL–1 of LH, 6 mg mL–1 of FSH, 1 mg mL–1 of oestradiol, and 0.2 mmol of pyruvate and then incubated for 22 to 24 h at 38.5°C in 5% CO2 in a humidified atmosphere (n = 12). Before IVF, mature COC were incubated during 1 h with different concentration of sodium nitroprusside, SNP (control without SNP, 10–6 M, 10–5 M, and 10–4 M SNP) in maturation media at 38.5°C and 5% CO2 in a humidified atmosphere. For IVF procedure, oocytes of each treatment and sperm of one bull were co-incubated for 18 to 20 h at 38.5°C and 5% CO2. Presumptive zygotes were separately cultured until Day 7 under mineral oil at 38.5°C and 5% CO2, 5%O2, and 90% N2 in a humidified atmosphere. Embryo quality was analysed by staining with CDX2 antibody for trophectoderm cells and compared with total embryo cells stained with Hoechst 33342. Relative gene expression for each treatment were evaluated after RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis in Stratagene MX 3000P real-time equipment with Agilent qPCR software MX pro 4.1 version. Differences between experimental groups (n = 12) were measured using a one-way ANOVA test in the STATGRAPHICS plus 5.1 version software. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Cleavage percentage at 72 h post-insemination was significantly different between the control and 10–4 M SNP group (82 ± 8.4% v. 77 ± 7.1%, respectively) and between 10–5 M and 10–4 M SNP group (84.9 ± 4.1% v. 77 ± 7.1%, respectively). Blastocyst percentage at 7 days of culture was significantly different between control and 10–4 M SNP group (34.1 ± 7.8% v. 26.2 ± 4.9%, respectively). Embryo development between control group and treatments was similar within early, expanded, and hatched blastocyst percentage. Embryo quality of expanded blastocyst was similar between control group and treatments (ICM: TE). No significant differences in gene expression after SNP exposure was observed (iNOS, eNOS, nNOS, PRDX5, HSP70, HSP90, HIF1A, BCL2A). Oocytes incubated with a high concentration of SNP showed lower cleavage and blastocyst rates, showing that this treatment was deleterious for in vitro embryo production in bovine. However, there were no significant differences on embryo quality assessed by ICM : TE ratio and/or in gene expression pattern of 7-day cultured expanded blastocysts.

Effects of xylazine-ketamine, xylazine-propofol and xylazine-ketamine-propofol administration on free radical generation and blood gases in sheep

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gokalp ◽  
S. Gurgoze ◽  
S. Altan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intravenous Route ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Radical Generation

This study was aimed at investigating the effects of xylazine-ketamine, xylazine-propofol and xylazine-ketamine-propofol combinations on oxidative stress, antioxidant capacity and blood gases in sheep. Excluding the control animals, the sheep included in Groups 1, 2 and 3 were administered with combinations of xylazine-ketamine, xylazine-propofol and xylazine-ketamine-propofol, respectively, by intravenous route. The comparison of the three treatment groups with the control group showed that no significant difference existed for TAS, TOS, MDA and CAT levels. The evaluation of blood gas and electrolyte levels demonstrated a significant decrease in PvO2, cSO2, Na, and Ca levels, and a significant increase in glucose levels. In result, this study showed that the three anaesthetic combinations tested did not have any adverse effect on the oxidant/antioxidant status, but caused significant alterations in blood gas levels.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress Alters miRNA and Gene Expression Profiles in Villous First Trimester Trophoblasts

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney E. Cross ◽  
Mai F. Tolba ◽  
Catherine M. Rondelli ◽  
Meixiang Xu ◽  
Sherif Z. Abdel-Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Mirna Profile ◽  
Trophoblast Cells ◽  
Placental Development ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure

The relationship between oxidative stress and miRNA changes in placenta as a potential mechanism involved in preeclampsia (PE) is not fully elucidated. We investigated the impact of oxidative stress on miRNAs and mRNA expression profiles of genes associated with PE in villous 3A first trimester trophoblast cells exposed to H2O2at 12 different concentrations (0-1 mM) for 0.5, 4, 24, and 48 h. Cytotoxicity, determined using the SRB assay, was used to calculate the IC50of H2O2. RNA was extracted after 4 h exposure to H2O2for miRNA and gene expression profiling. H2O2exerted a concentration- and time-dependent cytotoxicity on 3A trophoblast cells. Short-term exposure of 3A cells to low concentration of H2O2(5% of IC50) significantly altered miRNA profile as evidenced by significant changes in 195 out of 595 evaluable miRNAs. Tool for annotations of microRNAs (TAM) analysis indicated that these altered miRNAs fall into 43 clusters and 34 families, with 41 functions identified. Exposure to H2O2altered mRNA expression of 22 out of 84 key genes involved in dysregulation of placental development. In conclusion, short-term exposure of villous first trimester trophoblasts to low concentrations of H2O2significantly alters miRNA profile and expression of genes implicated in placental development.

scholarly journals Assessment of Lipid Peroxidation Levels and Total Antioxidant Status in Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis Patients: An in vivo Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Verma ◽  
Vivek Tripathi ◽  
Sahib T Singh ◽  
Chetan D Singh ◽  
Jaspreet S Gill
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Antioxidant

ABSTRACT Introduction Periodontitis is a common problem affecting a significant population of the world. For the assessment of oxidative stress of an individual, total oxidation status (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) are the significant biomarkers. Hence, we planned the present study to assess malondialdehyde (MDA), TOS, TAOC levels, and oxidative stress index (OSI) in generalized aggressive periodontitis (GP) and chronic periodontitis (CP) patients. Materials and methods The present study included assessment of 40 CP patients, 40 GP patients, and 40 healthy controls. Clinical assessment of all the subjects was done by measuring the probing depth (PD), clinical attachment (CL), gingival index (GI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), and plaque index (PI). Salivary and serum samples were taken and assessed by standard procedures as described previously in the literature. All the values were assessed and compared. Results Significant results were obtained while comparing all the periodontal parameters in between various study groups. Mean serum MDA levels in the CP, GP, and control group were found to be 0.68, 0.65, and 0.61 µM respectively. Statistically nonsignificant results were obtained while comparing the serum MDA levels in between the three study groups. Significant results were obtained while comparing the mean serum and salivary TOS values, TAOC values, and OSI in between various study groups. Conclusion In periodontitis patients, oxidative stress was significantly higher in comparison with healthy subjects. Clinical significance Oxidative parameters do play a significant role in the pathologic profile of periodontitis. How to cite this article Tripathi V, Singh ST, Sharma V, Verma A, Singh CD, Gill JS. Assessment of Lipid Peroxidation Levels and Total Antioxidant Status in Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis Patients: An in vivo Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018;19(3):287-291.

Age-dependent effects of short-term exposure of T-2 toxin or deoxynivalenol on lipid peroxidation and glutathione redox system in broiler chickens

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cs. Pelyhe ◽  
B. Kövesi ◽  
J. Szabó-Fodor ◽  
E. Zándoki ◽  
M. Erdélyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Redox System ◽  
Glutathione Synthetase ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Glutathione Redox System ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Glutathione Redox

Purpose of this study was to investigate the age-dependent, short-term effects of T-2 toxin (5.77 mg T-2 and 1.40 mg HT-2 toxin/kg feed) or deoxynivalenol (DON) (4.86 mg DON and 1.39 mg 15-acetyl-DON/kg feed) in one and three weeks old broiler chicken to observe the changes in parameters of lipid peroxidation, glutathione redox system, and expression of genes related to glutathione redox system in the first 24 h of mycotoxin exposure. Glutathione-redox system responsed to T-2 toxin exposure in both age groups for T-2 toxin in the first 8 h of exposure, while a reactivation was observed in the 3-week-old group after 20 h, although lipid peroxidation did not change significantly. DON did not alter these parameters, only at gene expression level. Gene expression of phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (GPX4) showed minor, but significant, changes in both age- and mycotoxin exposure groups. Glutathione reductase (GSR) showed a dual response for the mycotoxin exposure, which was not consequent in either age groups, or treatments. Glutathione synthetase (GSS) showed a decreasing tendency in the younger animals while in the older group elevating tendency was observed as effect of both mycotoxins. Time, treatment and their combined effect also showed relation with the changes in the parameters.

scholarly journals Antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in patients with bipolar affective disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Raju Kumar Dubey ◽  
Narayan Gautam ◽  
Niraj Dhakal ◽  
Nirmal Baral ◽  
Madhab Lamsal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities

INTRODUCTION: Brain is particularly vulnerable to oxidative free radicals. Oxidative stress might primarily or secondarily be involved in the pathogenesis of Bipolar Affective Disorder. Therefore this study was aimed to estimate & compare parameters of oxidative stress and antioxidant levels in patients with Bipolar Affective Disorder and healthy controls. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 32 Bipolar Affective Disorder patients and 30 healthy subjects were recruited in this study. Plasma MDA level was measured as indicator of lipid peroxidation and SOD and CAT activities were determined as a measure of antioxidant status. RESULT: Out of total Bipolar Affective Disorder patients 21 were in mania with psychotic symptoms, 8 were in mania without psychotic symptoms and only 3 were in mixed episode. Significantly (p<0.001) elevated MDA level (nmol/ml) was found in before treatment patient group (7.11 ± 1.62) as compared to control (3.02 ± 1.30) group. Patients on follow-up also had significantly increased MDA level (nmol/ml) (5.37 ± 1.36) as compared to control group and decrease in level was significant (p<0.001) in comparison to before treatment patients. CAT and SOD activities (U/gm Hb) were significantly decreased in both before treatment (87.57 ± 28.79 & 1341 ± 167.18) and after treatment (77.12 ± 29.48 & 1305.56 ± 154.86) patients group compared to the control (155.92 ± 29.43 & 1408.14 ± 78.82) group respectively. CAT and MDA were negatively correlated in the before treatment patients group (r = -0.356, p<0.05).  CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that there is increased oxidative stress in Bipolar Affective Disorder patients in comparison to controls.

Resistance of erythrocytes from Brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.) affected by ulcerative dermal necrosis syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kurhalyuk ◽  
H. Tkachenko ◽  
K. Pałczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Tbars Level ◽  
Reactive Substance ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta

Resistance of erythrocytes from Brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.) affected by ulcerative dermal necrosis syndrome In the present work we evaluated the effect of ulcerative dermal necrosis (UDN) syndrome on resistance of erythrocytes to haemolytic agents and lipid peroxidation level in the blood from brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.). Results showed that lipid peroxidation increased in erythrocytes, as evidenced by high thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels. Compared to control group, the resistance of erythrocytes to haemolytic agents was significantly lower in UDN-positive fish. Besides, UDN increased the percent of hemolysated erythrocytes subjected to the hydrochloric acid, urea and hydrogen peroxide. Results showed that UDN led to an oxidative stress in erythrocytes able to induce enhanced lipid peroxidation level, as suggested by TBARS level and decrease of erythrocytes resistance to haemolytic agents.

Chemoprotective Effects of Propolis on Aflatoxin B1-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats: Oxidative Damage and Hepatotoxicity by Modulating TP53, Oxidative Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-199
Author(s):  
Seval Yilmaz ◽  
Fatih Mehmet Kandemir ◽  
Emre Kaya ◽  
Mustafa Ozkaraca
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Tp53 Gene ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Cat Gene ◽  
Gst Activity

Objective: This study aimed to detect hepatic oxidative damage caused by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), as well as to examine how propolis protects against hepatotoxic effects of AFB1. Method: Rats were split into four groups as control group, AFB1 group, propolis group, AFB1+ propolis group. Results: There was significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) level and tumor suppressor protein (TP53) gene expression, Glutathione (GSH) level, Catalase (CAT) activity, CAT gene expression decreased in AFB1 group in blood. MDA level and Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST) activity, GST and TP53 gene expressions increased in AFB1 group, whereas GSH level and CAT activity alongside CAT gene expression decreased in liver. AFB1+propolis group showed significant decrease in MDA level, GST activity, TP53 and GST gene expressions, GSH level and CAT activity and CAT gene expression increased in liver compared to AFB1 group. Conclusion: These results suggest that propolis may potentially be natural agent that prevents AFB1- induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity.

Mechanism Involved in Fortification by Berberine in CDDP-Induced Nephrotoxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 342-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vipin K. Verma ◽  
Salma Malik ◽  
Ekta Mutneja ◽  
Anil K. Sahu ◽  
Kumari Rupashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Isoquinoline Alkaloid ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Beclin 1 ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Single Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Background: The activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway has been shown to protect against cisplatin- induced nephrotoxicity by reducing oxidative stress. Berberine (Ber), an isoquinoline alkaloid, has demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities in various experimental models. Aim: To check the effect of Ber on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and to explore the involved mechanism. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups: Normal, cisplatin-control, treatment groups and per se group. Normal saline and Ber (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg; p.o.) was administered to rats for 10 days. A single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (8 mg/kg) was injected on 7th day to induced nephrotoxicity. On 10th day, rats were sacrificed, the kidney was removed and stored for the estimation of various parameters. Results: As compared to cisplatin-control group, Ber pretreatment improved renal function system and preserved renal architecture. It also diminished oxidative stress by upregulating the expression of Nrf2/HO-1 proteins. In addition, Ber attenuated the cisplatin mediated inflammation and apoptosis. Furthermore, it also reduced the phosphorylation of p38/JNK and PARP/Beclin-1 expression in the kidney. Conclusion: Ber attenuated renal injury by activating Nrf2/HO-1 and inhibiting JNK/p38MAPKs/ PARP/Beclin-1 expression which prevented oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy in renal tissue.

scholarly journals Silymarin-Enriched Biostimulant Foliar Application Minimizes the Toxicity of Cadmium in Maize by Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Elevating Antioxidant Gene Expression

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 465
Author(s):  
Hesham F. Alharby ◽  
Hassan S. Al-Zahrani ◽  
Khalid R. Hakeem ◽  
Hameed Alsamadany ◽  
El-Sayed M. Desoky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidative Enzymes ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Enzyme Gene ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Maize Grain

For maize, the potential preventive role of foliar spraying with an extract derived from maize grain (MEg, 2%), silymarin (Sm, 0.5 mM), or silymarin-enriched MEg (MEg-Sm) in attenuating the stress effects of cadmium (Cd, 0.5 mM) was examined using a completely randomized design layout. Under normal conditions, foliar spraying with MEg, Sm, or MEg-Sm was beneficial (with MEg-Sm preferred) for maize plants, whereas the benefit was more pronounced under Cd stress. The use of Cd through irrigation water decreased plant growth traits, photosynthetic efficiency, including instantaneous carboxylation efficiency, Fv/Fm, and pigment contents, and hormonal contents (e.g., auxin, gibberellins, cytokinins including trans-zeatin, and salicylic acid). These undesired findings were due to an increase in Cd content, leading to increased levels of oxidative stress (O2•− and H2O2), ionic leakage, and lipid peroxidation. Therefore, this damage resulted in an increase in the activities of nonenzymatic antioxidants, Sm, antioxidative enzymes, and enzyme gene expression. However, under Cd stress, although foliar spray with MEg or Sm had better findings than control, MEg-Sm had better findings than MEg or Sm. Application of MEg-Sm greatly increased photosynthesis efficiency, restored hormonal homeostasis, and further increased the activities of various antioxidants, Sm, antioxidative enzymes, and enzyme gene expression. These desired findings were due to the suppression of the Cd content, and thus the levels of O2•−, H2O2, ionic leakage, and lipid peroxidation, which were positively reflected in the growth and accumulation of dry matter in maize plants. The data obtained in this study recommend applying silymarin-enriched maize grain extract (MEg-Sm at 0.24 g Sm L−1 of MEg) as a spray solution to maize plants when exposed to excess Cd in soil or irrigation water.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document