scholarly journals Adaptation of the status of non-specific resistance of the ducks organism in stress conditions inclusion in the ration of probiotical additives

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (87) ◽  
pp. 32-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.G. Stoyanovskyy ◽  
A.О. Krogh ◽  
I.A. Kolomiіets
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Immune Complexes ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Lysozyme Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Circulating Immune Complexes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Technological Stress

The article deals with the question of adaptation of the ducks organism during industrial cultivation for action of stress. The complex of successive stage reactions, caused by the functioning of stress-implementing systems, arise in the body of the poultry in response to the influence of destabilizing factors and aimed at neutralizing these factors, preservation of homeostasis. Increasing the influence of technological stress factors leads to a decrease in the immune status of the duck organism. The study of the effectiveness of incorporating into the diet ducks harmless feed additives, which contributes to the normalization of the course of adaptive-compensatory reactions in their body during the critical periods of postnatal ontogenesis and can serve as anti-stress prevention in conditions of industrial growth of this species of poultry remains relevant. The purpose of the work is to find out the implementation of an adaptation syndrome in the system of indices of non-specific resistance of the body of ducks when it is included in the diet of the biologically active feed supplement «Primix Bionorm K» and supplements «Biovir». The experiment was conducted on clinically healthy young ducks of the Pekin breed of egg production line. In the 270-day age, all three groups of ducks were modeled experimental technological stress in the form of prolonged transport. From 240 to 270 days of age, ducks additionally fed the additive «Primix Bionorm K» and was pouring with water an additive «Biovir». The material for research was blood, which was taken until morning feeding after slaughter on 240 days of life (to stress), 270 days of life (stage of anxiety), at 273 and 285 days (stages of resistance). Adaptation of the state of non-specific resistance of the duck of the control group to the control group under conditions of stress in the anxiety stage is characterized by an increase of 17.3% (Р < 0.05) of the value of the bactericidal activity of the blood serum, a decrease of 8.5% of the value of lysozyme activity of the blood serum, by 9.3% of phagocytic activity against the background of growth on 8.7% of the number of circulating immune complexes compared to 240-day-old poultry. At the stage of resistance there is a decrease in the amount of blood serum bactericidal activity by 17.3% (Р < 0.05), an increase in the activity of lysozyme in blood serum by 8.5%, and the number of immune complexes by 20.7% (Р < 0.05), with the stabilization of the studied parameters at the later stages of the development of a stress reaction. In these periods, a decrease in the body weight of control group ducks was set at 5.7 – 6.8%. Feeding of the additive «Primix Bionorm K» during the period of the implementation of the stress syndrome has a positive effect on the indices of the cellular and humoral level of nonspecific resistance in the form of an increase in the amount of bactericidal activity of the serum on 38.2% (P < 0.05), an increase in the activity of phagocytosis by 15.1% (P < 0.05), phagocytic index – by 36.1% (P < 0.05) with a decrease in the number of circulating immune complexes by 15.5%. The presentation of the additive «Biovir» causes an increase in the level of bactericidal and lysozyme activity of the blood serum on 47.3% (P < 0.01) and 18.7% (P < 0.05). The use of additives can reduce the negative effect of transport stress in the duck body, increase nutrient uptake, as indicated by an increase in the body weight of experimental birds in the average by 7.1–10.5% (P < 0.05) during the development of the adaptive syndrome.

scholarly journals Nonspecific reactivity of the rabbits organism when exposed to cysticercosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (94) ◽  
pp. 132-135
Author(s):  
Y. V. Duda
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Immune Complexes ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Lysozyme Activity ◽  
Circulating Immune Complexes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Test Culture

One of the actual rabbits breeding problem is the reduction of their resistance, which is caused by the spread of individual invasive diseases, especially cysticercosis, which is caused by the larval Cysticercus pisiformis stage of the mature cestode Taenia pisiformis. The study was conducted on 38 male rabbits age 3–4 months, weighing 3.5–4.0 kg of the Californian breed, selected by analogy. Animal were separated into two groups: healthy animals (control group) and sick animals (research group). After blood collection, slaughter was conducted and the presence of cysticercus cysts was visually determined in the organisms of the rabbits. Control animals received a balanced standard granular feed and water without limit; research group in addition to the standard granulated feed with water received flaccid hay. The animals were kept in mesh single-tier cages in the room, according to the current veterinary and sanitary standards. The definition of phagocytic activity of neutrophils was carried out with the addition of standardized to 2500000000/ml suspension of daily culture of E. coli 055K59№3912/41. The bactericidal activity of blood serum was determined by the method Smirnova A.V. and Kuzmina T.A. in relation to the E. coli microbial test-culture 055K59№3912/41. The serum lysozyme activity was determined by the Nephelometric method using the Dorofachuk V.G. method to the microbial test culture Micrococcus luteus ATSS9341. Circulating immune complexes were determined using polyethylene glycol in borate buffer (pH 8.4). It was found that in blood of sick animals phagocytic activity is lower than in blood of healthy ones (respectively, 41.82 ± 1.51% versus 47.38 ± 1.10%, P < 0.01). The main cells involved in phagocytosis are leukocytes, in particular neutrophils and eosinophils. A low indicator of phagocytic activity shows depressed phagocytosis in the organism of animals suffering from cysticercosis of rabbits. The phagocytic number in the blood of rabbits of the experimental group was significantly lower by 0.51 units (P < 0.05) as compared to the control group and correlated with the index of phagocytic activity. An important element of immunity are indicators of bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum. Low bactericidal activity of serum by 12.88% (P < 0.01) and lysozyme activity in rabbits with Cysticercus pisiformis also indicates a weakening of the factors of nonspecific natural resistance of the organism. Analyzing the level of circulating immune complexes, we found a high level of medium (9.14 ± 0.40 vs 5.58 ± 0.50) and small (9.21 ± 1.35 vs 4.64 ± 0.68) CIC for cysticercosis, respectively, 1.64 (P < 0.01) and 1.98 times (P < 0.001) against the control. This indicates the inhibition of the immunobiological activity in the organism of rabbits as a result of the combination of specific antibodies with the products of the exchange of helminths.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF «ARCUSIT» ON BIOCHEMICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS BLOOD SERA IN SILVER-BLACK FOX (SILVER-BLACK FOX)

2021 ◽  
Vol 247 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-197
Author(s):  
I.I. Okulova ◽  
◽  
I.A. Domsky ◽  
Yu.A. Berezina ◽  
Z.N. Beltyukova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Lysozyme Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Nonspecific Resistance ◽  
Experimental Group

The use of «Arkusit» at a dose of 20 μg / kg of body weight indicates a beneficial effect on the factors of nonspecific resistance of the silver-black fox. The concentration of alkaline phosphatase in the blood serum in the experimental group decreased by 1.8 times (P <0.001), the ALT index - by 1.2 (P <0.05). The concentration of glucose in the experimental group increased 2 times (P <0.05) compared with the control group. In animals of the experimental group, the lysozyme activity of blood serum increased 1.3 times (P <0.05), the OPR reaction and the phagocytic index - 1.4 times (P <0.05), the bactericidal activity of blood serum - 1.8 times (P <0.05). «Arcusit» stimulates the synthesis of gamma globulins, increases the opsonophagocytic, bactericidal activity of blood serum. Thus, the analysis of experimental data indicates that the drug «Arcusit» has a pronounced immunostimulating effect, providing the activation of factors of nonspecific resistance of the body of the silver-black fox.

scholarly journals Toxicodynamics of Chlorpyrifos and “Ivin” Combined Action under Prolonged Admission

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
O.P. Vasetska
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Aqueous Emulsion ◽  
Hepatotoxic Effect ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Auxiliary Material

The combined action of pesticides is one of the problems of toxicology, because in comparison to individual active substances, their mixtures can increase toxicity and delayed action effects, which is a risk to human health. It is known that plant growth regulators (PGR) when applied together with pesticides help to reduce the quantitative rates of pesticides applied, the accumulation of pesticides and heavy metals in plants, reduce the acute toxicity of xenobiotics. The combined effect of the prolonged admission of PGRs and pesticides is an unexplored area, and it is an important issue in preventive toxicology. The Aim of the Research. Determination of the nature of toxic effects of Chlorpyrifos and “Ivin” combined action at subchronic oral admission. Materials and Methods. Chlorpyrifos and PGR “Ivin” (2.6-dimethyl-N-pyridine oxide) combined action was studied on male Wistar Han rats. Substances were administered orally, via a feeding tube for 13 weeks; Chlorpyrifos was administered in the form of an aqueous emulsion with an auxiliary material OP-10 at a dose of 5 mg/kg (1/15 LD50), “Ivin” — in the form of an aqueous solution at a dose of 13 mg/kg and 0.013 mg/kg (1/100 and 1/100000 LD50 respectively), the control group of rats was given water with an auxiliary material OP-10. Signs of intoxication were recorded, body weight was measured in 4, 9 and 13 weeks, biochemical indicators of blood serum were determined (the activity of ALT and AST enzymes and alkaline phosphatase; the content of crude protein, urea, cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose were determined using kits of reagents by BioSystems (Spain); cholinesterase (ChE) activity in serum, red blood cells and brain tissue was determined with the use of methodology by Hesrtin S. using a kit of reagents produced by LLC NPP Filisit-Diagnostics (Ukraine). Results. No clinical signs of intoxication were detected in the experimental groups of rats. Under the isolated use of Chlorpyrifos a significant decrease in body weight, ChE inhibition activity in all bio substrates, with the greatest effect in the brain (by 48.8%); increase (after 9 and 13 weeks) in the activity of ALT and AST by 26.7–32.6%, 12.5–12.0%; a slight but a significant increase in the level of urea and glucose in blood serum to 17.3% and 17.6 %, respectively was detected. Under the combined action of Chlorpyrifos and “Ivin” in specified doses the body weight of rats was at control level, decrease of ChE activity was observed in all biological substrates and was at nearly the same level with the isolated use of Chlorpyrifos. There was a tendency towards the decline in ChE inhibition activity in brain tissue, and under the combined action of Chlorpyrifos with “Ivin” at higher doses after 4 weeks this effect was a significant (22.15%, p < 0.05). Conclusions. Chlorpyrifos under the isolated oral admission for 13 weeks has a weak hepatotoxic effect, as evidenced by the increase in cytolysis enzymes and urea levels in serum and causes a moderate anticholinesterase effect. “Ivin” under combined with Chlorpyrifos admission to the organism eliminates the hepatotoxic effects of Chlorpyrifos and reduces its anticholinergic effects in brain, which contributes to a less severe intoxication. Key Words: Chlorpyrifos, Ivin, hepatotoxic effect, anticholinesterase effect.

scholarly journals Influence of Marmix premix on the state of lipid peroxidation and indices of non-specific resistance of the organism of pregnant mares with microelementosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
A. R. Shcherbatyy ◽  
L. G. Slivinska ◽  
B. V. Gutyj ◽  
V. L. Fedorovych ◽  
B. O. Lukashchuk
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Immune Complexes ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Lysozyme Activity ◽  
The State ◽  
Circulating Immune Complexes ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽  
Diene Conjugates ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Products

We observed the processes of lipid peroxidation, characterized by increased content of intermediate and its end products (diene conjugates, lipid hydroperoxides, malonic dialdehyde), in the blood of the pregnant mares. The changes of the data of indicators in the organism of the mares at the 9–11 months of pregnancy were established. The level of diene conjugates in the blood of animals was 3.6 ± 0.12 μmol/l, 33.3 and 44.0%, which was higher compared to non-pregnant mares and mares at 4th month of pregnancy. The concentration of lipid hydroperoxides in the blood of mares increased by 100% and by 42.9% in the blood of non-pregnant mares and mares at 4th month of pregnancy. The concentration of malondialdehyde in the blood of mares increased by 75.0%, 51.2% and 25.0% compared to non-pregnant mares and mares at 4th and 7th month of pregnancy, respectively. The results of our research showed that the mineral-vitamin premix Marmix had a positive influence on the state of lipid peroxidation products, contributed to their lowering in the blood of pregnant mares, which demonstrated antioxidant action and stimulated the function of the immune system. It was established that the bactericidal and lysozyme activity of the blood serum and the concentration of circulating immune complexes increases in the mares with lack of trace elements. It was shown that feeding mares during the 9–11 months of pregnancy with the mineral-vitamin premix Marmix had a positive influence on the state of humoral factors of nonspecific resistance. In particular, the concentration of bactericidal activity of serum increased by 31.0%, lysozyme activity of blood serum – 45.4% and contributed to the decrease of the concentration of circulating immune complexes in serum by 3.8 times. The use of mineral-vitamin premix Marmix during 60 days in feeding pregnant mares caused a restoration of the clinical status, a decrease in the content of lipid peroxidation products.

scholarly journals The effect of interferons-α and –γ and their combination with dimethyl dipyrazolyl selenide on the immune status and functional state of the reproductive system of cows in adverse ecological conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
A. G. Shakhov ◽  
I. T. Shaposhnikov ◽  
Yu. N. Brigadirov ◽  
V. N. Kotsarev ◽  
V. N. Skorikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Immune Complexes ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Lysozyme Activity ◽  
Circulating Immune Complexes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
Positive Effect

The results of studying the effect of interferons alpha and gamma and their combination with dimethyl dipyrazolyl selenide on the immune status and functional state of the reproductive system of cows in adverse ecological conditions are presented. The positive effect of the drugs, especially their combination, on erythropoiesis and the immune status of animals, which was manifested by an increase in the content of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocytes, total immunoglobulins, serum bactericidal and lysozyme activity, absorptive function of phagocytes, relative amount of T lymphocytes, and a decrease in the level of circulating immune complexes was stated. An increase in the immune status of animals at the effect of immunocorrecting drugs was accompanied by a decrease in the pathology of calving and postpartum complications and favorably affected the functional state of their reproductive system. The cows which were introduced interferons and their combination with dimethyl dipyrazolyl selenide demonstrated a shorter period from calving to successful insemination, as well as the insemination index and fertility, compared with the animals of the control group, which were not introduced any drugs.

scholarly journals Indicators of total homeostasis in cows in different periods of lactations

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
E. A. Dementyeva ◽  
S. N. Mager
Keyword(s):  
Immune Complexes ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mononuclear Phagocytes ◽  
Circulating Immune Complexes ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Birth Process ◽  
Significant Difference

The immunomorphological parameters of cattle in different periods of lactation were studied. In the first 3 months of lactation, excluding 7 days of the colostrum period, 59.3 units of circulating immune complexes were found in the serum, in the middle of lactation (4–7 months) – 94.2 (p <0.05), at the end (8–10 months) – 94.1 units (p <0.05). The significant difference between the indicator in the first 3 months and in the subsequent periods of lactation is due to the fact that at the beginning of lactation the cows were not yet pregnant. In the colostrum period, a high rate of circulating immune complexes of 116.1 units (p <0.05) was determined as a consequence of a fetal prenatal immune attack on the cow's body, when the system of mononuclear phagocytes had not yet coped with the elimination of neutralization products. During the dry period, the number of circulating immune complexes was 87.6 units (p <0.05). The decrease in the indicator occurred due to an increase in the activity of mononuclear phagocytes and the absence of lactation effect on the body. The content of segmental, functionally mature leukocytes at the beginning of lactation was 39.4%, in the middle of lactation this indicator decreased to 24.8% (p<0.05), at the end it was 26.3% (p<0.05). A significant difference was found in the relative number of segmented neutrophils in the control group and in non-lactating cows in the dry period – 29.9% (p <0.05). During the colostrum period, the level of lymphocytes in the blood of animals was 62.0% (p <0.05) and it significantly differed from the control – 43.6%. In the middle and at the end of lactation, there was also a significant difference between the indicator and the control, up to 58.9–59.4% (p<0.05). A significant difference with the group of down-calving dry cows was established – 53.9% (p <0.05). In the first 1–3 months of lactation, cows are either not yet pregnant, or a close bond (placenta) between the mother and the fetus has not yet been formed, therefore a low activity of specific immunity at this time is caused by the absence of foreign fetal antigens in the blood of cows. The findings suggest that the birth process may be initiated by the immune system.

scholarly journals Influence of cadmium sulfate at different doses on the functional state of the liver of laying chicken

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (94) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Y. Ostapyuk ◽  
B. V. Gutyj
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Functional State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cadmium Sulfate ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Destructive Processes ◽  
Different Doses

The article presents the results of studies on the influence of cadmium sulfate in different doses on the organism of poultry. Absorbed cadmium accumulates in the liver as a complex with metallothionein. The purpose of the work was to find out the effect of cadmium sulfate in doses of 2 and 4 mg / kg of body weight on the functional state of the liver of chicken. For research, three groups of birds were formed: control and two experimental. The control group of chickens were in the usual diet, they were fed with forage and were given water without introducing cadmium sulfate. To the drinking water of chickens of experimental groups for 30 days, added cadmium sulfate in doses: the first group – 2 mg/kg, the second group – 4 mg/kg body weight. The conditions for keeping chickens and the microclimate parameters in the room for all bird groups were similar. Blood from the chickens was taken from the subclavian vein in periods: before the dasg was given and on the first, seventh, fourteenth, twenty-first and thirtieth day of the experiment. It was determined that the presentation of cadmium sulfate in doses of 2 and 4 mg/kg of body weight of cows, which contributed to a violation of the functional state of the liver, as evidenced by the increased activity of aminotransferases in their blood serum. The activity of alanine and aspartate aminotransferase was higher in serum of blood of chickens in the second experimental group at 21st and 30th days of the experiment. The high activity of aminotransferases in the blood serum of chickens for cadmium loading indicates destructive processes in the liver that cause an increase in the release of aminotransaminases from cellular organelles in the blood of experimental poultry. Thus, the obtained results indicate an increase in destructive processes in the body of chickens for cadmium loading.

Assessment of the immunological status in patients of a surgical hospital

1993 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-219
Author(s):  
I. V. Klyushkin ◽  
E. E. Krasnoshchekova ◽  
K. T. Valeeva ◽  
M. N. Nasrullaev
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Immune Complexes ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Circulating Immune Complexes ◽  
Immunological Status ◽  
Serum Immunoglobulins

In patients with a surgical profile, the humoral link of the immune system was studied for the production of 3 classes of immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, IgG), the formation of circulating immune complexes (CIC), bactericidal activity of blood serum (BASK) in comparison with the clinical picture of the disease. Serum immunoglobulins were determined according to Mancini, CEC by the conventional method according to D. K. Novikov (1987), BASK by the method of V. I. Nikitenko and O. V. Bukharin.

Hyperoxia effect on humoral and cell components of immunobiological resistance of healthy rats in experiment

10.12737/4112 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Мальцева ◽  
L. Maltseva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygen ◽  
Immune Complexes ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygenation ◽  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Circulating Immune Complexes ◽  
Complement Activity ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Cell Components

The paper contains information about hyperbaric oxygenation impact on humoral and cell components of immune-biological resistance of healthy rats. The following factors are analyzed: potency of oxygen-dependent enzyme systems (myeloperoxidase, oxidase), oxygen-independent systems (leukocyte lysozyme, cationic proteins), killing reactions of peripheral blood neutrophils, their phagocytic and oxidase reserve, complement activity and content of circulating immune complexes in the blood serum of healthy animals, which have been exposed to 60-minute sessions of hyperbaric oxygenation, over time from the 1st to the 30th day post hyperoxia period during experiment. A single session of hyperbaric oxygenation is carried out within 60 minutes (3 absolute atmospheres mode). Mechanisms of adaptation and pathological reactions formation by immune-biological surveillance system of healthy body in early and late post hyperoxia periods during experiment are considered. The paper shows that adaptive responses, which are designed to protect the body against aggressive action of oxygen under the influence of hyperbaric oxygenation, are formed in the bodies of healthy animals. The reactions of oxygen-dependent of phagocytes systems in conditions of hyperoxia manifested in the early stages of the research, persisting to the end of the observation and the reactions of oxygen independent - only at early stages. The humoral responses of healthy organism under hyperbaric oxygen are characterized by the change in complement activity and concentration of circulating immune complexes in blood serum. The received experimental data may be used as a theoretical explanation of indications for use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy and different hyperbaric oxygenation regimes.

scholarly journals The effect of dietary bee pollen intake on growth performance and biochemical indicators of rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
Branislav Gálik ◽  
Daniel Bíro ◽  
Milan Šimko ◽  
Miroslav Juráček ◽  
Marcela Capcarová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Bee Pollen ◽  
Male And Female Rats

The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of different daily intakes of rapeseed bee pollen on the growth and biochemical blood serum indicators in male and female rats. A total of 40 clinically healthy male and female Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups. In the control group (C) rats were fed a standard complete diet; in the experimental groups standard diets were supplemented with different doses of bee pollen. Treatment group T1 was given standard diet with the addition of bee pollen at a 0.3% concentration; in group T2 the addition was 0.5%; and in group T3 it was 0.75%. The experimental period lasted for 90 days. A significant effect (P < 0.05) of bee pollen on the body weight gain and feed conversion ratio of female rats was found. Significantly (P < 0.05) higher cholesterol concentration in blood serum of male rats was found in the groups with bee pollen addition (groups T2 and T3) compared to the control group. Lower triglyceride serum content in all female experimental groups (T1 and T3) was observed in comparison to the control. Higher serum cholesterol content in the experimental female rats was detected; significant differences were analysed in groups T1 and T3 compared to the control female group. Rapeseed bee pollen at concentrations of 0.5 and 0.75% positively affected the body weight gain of female rats, however, with higher feed consumption (P < 0.05). Rapeseed bee pollen reduced the triglycerides serum content in female rats and increased the cholesterol serum content in male and female rats (P < 0.05).

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