scholarly journals Content of inorganic elements in snails meat

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (83) ◽  
pp. 189-193
Author(s):  
I.S. Danilova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Helix Pomatia ◽  
Helix Aspersa ◽  
The Body ◽  
Inorganic Elements ◽  
Fresh Meat ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Helix Aspersa Maxima

Currently, there are several classifications of inorganic elements, although each has its own advantages and disadvantages. The most studied group is macroelements, because they have a significant spread in the body and serve as a function of structural elements. The trace elements perform their functions, being part of the biologically active substances, which makes it difficult to study them, since the same element, depending on the form, can have a toxic effect or be vital. The macroelements include: K, Ca, Mg, Na, S, P, Cl. The trace elements are distributed as follows: Al, B, Br, V, I, Li, Si, As, Rb, Se, F, Sr and heavy metals, namely Zn, Cr, Ge, Fe, Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Mo, Sn, Ni, Pb. Macroelements are contained in our body in a significant amount (more than 0.01% of the body weight, in other words, their content in the body of an adult is measured in grams and even in kilograms). The trace elements are involved in all processes of life and are the catalysts of biochemical reactions. Their daily intake is less than 200 mg, and they are contained in the body in small doses (less than 0.001% of body weight). The article presents the results of our own research on the content of inorganic elements in the meat of snails of various species Helix pomatia, Helix aspersa maxima and Helix aspersa muller. It is established that fresh meat of Helix aspersa maxima snails contains the least amount of heavy metals and the highest amount of selenium. Of the 12 inorganic elements that we studied in meat of snails from trace elements, Bromus is most often kept by Helix aspersa muller snails and is 1.91 ± 0.23 mg, Selenium and Manganese from Helix aspersa maxima snails are 0.32 ± 0.01mg and 29.29 ± 0.27 respectively. In the case of heavy metals in the meat of Helix aspersa maxima, there was no evidence of flatulence at all, and the most commonly found zinc in this specimen was 27.64 ± 0.22 mg in accordance. The calcium is the most enriched meat of Snails Helix pomatia and is 12571.25 ± 304.51 mg. As for the vital calcium macroelement, most of all it enriched the meat of the grape snail Helix pomatia. Based on the foregoing, it can be concluded that the fresh meat of Helix aspersa maxima snails contains the least amount of heavy metals and can be successfully used in the relevant industries, and especially in the food industry.

scholarly journals Вплив термічної обробки на вміст неорганічних елементів у м'ясі равликів

2019 ◽  
pp. 200-206
Author(s):  
І. С. Данілова
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Helix Pomatia ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Helix Aspersa ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Inorganic Elements ◽  
The World ◽  
Food Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Helix Aspersa Maxima

Мета статті. Дослідити вміст неорганічних елементів у вареному м'ясі харчових видів равликів Helix pomatia, Helix aspersa maxima та Helix aspersa muller та проаналізувати одержані результати. Методика досліджень. Вміст неорганічних елементів визначали за допомогою рентгенофлуоресцентного аналізу на приладі «Спектроскан–МАКС - G» НВО «Спектрон». Для цього було сформовано 3 середні проби вареного м'яса равликів по 20,0 ±0,5г кожного виду. М'ясо було термічно оброблене впродовж 90 хвилин, бо саме за такий час м'ясо вважається готовим до вживання. Результати дослідження. Під впливом високої температури збільшилася кількість брому, цинку, стронцію, феруму і мангану та зменьшилася кількість купруму, кобальту, тоді як плюмбуму взагалі не виявлено порівняно із сирим м'ясом. Дані щодо вмісту неорганічних елементів були оприлюднені в раніше опублікованій роботі. Елементи наукової новизни. Вперше в Україні вивчено наявність і кількість неорганічних елементів у вареному м'ясі равликів Helix pomatiа, Helix aspersa maxima, Helix aspersa muller, які є харчовими видами і використовуються як делікатес. Практична значущість. Поряд з амінокислотним та вітамінним складом нами вивчено питання складу неорганічних елементів у вареному м'ясі равликів. Одержані нові дані ввійдуть до методичних рекомендацій. The purpose of the article was to investigate the content of inorganic elements in cooked meat of food species Helix pomatia, Helix aspersa maxima and Helix aspersa muller snails and to analyze the obtained results. Methods of the research. The content of inorganic elements was determined using X-ray fluorescence analysis in three replicates on the Spectroscan-MAX-G device of the Spectron RPA. The first reflection was the main parameter of the instrument for measuring spectral indicators. The value of the device step and the exposure time was 4. For this, 3 medium samples of boiled snail meat 20.0 ± 0.5 g of each species were taken. The meat was subjected to heat treatment for 90 minutes, because during this time the meat is considered to be ready for consumption. The research results. For the first time, not only in Ukraine, but also in the world, the influence of heat treatment on the amount of inorganic elements in the meat of Helix pomatia, Helix aspersa maxima, Helix aspersa muller, which are edible species and used as a delicacy, was studied. Snail meat is a source of 11 inorganic elements: strontium, bromine, selenium, zinc, cuprum, nickel, cobalt, ferrum, manganese, chromium, and calcium. Under the influence of high temperature, the amount of bromine, zinc, strontium, ferrum and manganese increased, and the amount of cuprum, cobalt decreased, while plumbum was not detected at all as compared with raw meat. Elements of scientific novelty. For the first time not only in Ukraine, but also in the world, we have studied the presence and number of inorganic elements in boiled meat of snails Helix pomatia, Helix aspersa maxima, Helix aspersa muller, which are food types and are used as a delicacy.  Practical significance. Along with amino acid and vitamin compositions, we studied the question of inorganic elements’ composition in boiled snail meat. The obtained new data will be included in the methodical recommendations.

scholarly journals Вміст жирних кислот у м'ясі різних видів равликів

2018 ◽  
pp. 168-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
І. С. Данілова
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Helix Pomatia ◽  
Helix Aspersa ◽  
The Body ◽  
Helix Aspersa Maxima

Представлено дані щодо жирнокислотного складу м'яса равликів видів Helix pomatia, Helix aspersa maxima та Helix aspersa muller. Встановлено, що із 21 кислоти кожен дослідний вид равликів містить як насичені, так і ненасичені жирні кислоти. З насичених містяться капронова, пальмітинова, стеаринова, міристинова, арахінова, каприлова, лауринова, бегенова, капринова, гептадеканова, а із ненасичених – олеїнова, пальмітолеїнова, лінолева, омега-3, омега-6, арахідонова, ліноленова, ціс-5,8,11,14,17-ейкозапента-єнова, ціс-11,14-ейкозадієнова, ціс-13,16-доказадіє-нова, докозапентаєнова. The data on fatty acid composition of snail meat of the following species: Helix pomatia, Helix aspersa maxima and Helix aspersa muller are presented. Unsaturated fatty acids are fatty acids that contain at least one double bond in the chain of fatty acids. Unsaturated fatty acids have a low melting point and are liquid in consistency, are easier assimilated by the human body than saturated fatty acids. Saturated fatty acids are fats of animal origin, entering the body from meat products, oils, eggs, sausages and dairy products. They differ from other fats in that they remain solid even at room temperature. Saturated fats are needed for energy, they are involved in the structure of cells. That is why their surplus leads to overweight accumulation, as well as to an increase in cholesterol in the body, heart disease and even some types of cancer. If a person does not consume saturated fatty acids, the body will be able to synthesize them from another food. However, for the body it is also superfluous, so in small quantities such fats are needed. The research was done in accordance with the procedures described in the relevant State Standards of Ukraine “Determination of fatty acid spectrum – SSU ISO 5508-2001. Fats and oils of animal and vegetable origin. Gas chromatography analysis of methyl esters of fatty acids. Sample preparation – SSU ISO 5509-2002. Fats of  animal and vegetable origin and oils. Preparation of methyl esters of fatty acids”. Chromatographic analysis of fatty acids was performed on a Trace Ultra gas chromatograph with a flame-ionization detector, on a capillary column SP-2560 (Supelco). The limit of the method is 0.01%. We have formed three groups of different snail species that are used for food purposes: Helix pomatia collected in the wet weather and in the morning, Helix aspersa maxima and Helix aspersa muller got from the farm «SNAIL 2016» (Ukraine), for which we express our gratitude to the owner. Snails of each species were the same in size and weight. Since our data were first obtained not only in Ukraine but also globally, it was not possible to compare them with the data of other authors. The results were processed statistically. As a result of our studies on the content of fatty acids in the meat of snails it is found that the mass fraction of unsaturated fatty acids is most commonly found in Helix pomatia snail meat and amounts to 132.14 % up to the amount of fatty acids. It is this fact that indicates the nutritional value of these snails. Saturated fatty acids enrich the meat of Helix aspersa muller snails and reaches 33.96% to the sum of fatty acids, and also in these types of snails ω-3 fatty acids to ω-6 fatty acids is 1:4.3. Such a combination of ω-3 fatty acid to ω-6 fatty acid is best for a good assimilation and well-being of a person who will consume such meat. It should be noted that the total content of fatty acids in the meat of snails varies in the following ranges: Helix pomatia 158.29, Helix aspersa maxima 148.97, and Helix aspersa muller 139.78. Attention should be drawn to the ratio of unsaturated fatty acids, namely mono-, di- and polyunsaturated acids in meat of each type of snail. According to our data in the meat of snails: Helix pomatia reaches 15.68: 37.67: 78.79, Helix aspersa maxima – 21.23: 31.61: 66.22, Helix aspersa muller – 26.7: 24.45 : 54.67. However, if you compare the meat of snails with the meat of black African ostrich, the fatty acid content of these two animals is very different. Thus, snail meat contains up to 14.36% palmitic acid, 13.98% stearic acid, 26.54% oleic acid, 37.67% linoleic acid and, of course, ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids 7.49% and 51.12% respectively, depending on the type of snail, while in ostrich meat these figures reach only a tenth or even hundredth share. Thus, it can be argued that Helix pomatia, Helix aspersa maxima and Helix aspersa muller can be used as a valuable source of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. For the first time in Ukraine, we studied the fatty acid content of Helix pomatia, Helix aspersa maxima, Helix aspersa muller snails, which are edible species and are used as a delicacy. Snail meat is a valuable source of essential fatty acids. Of the 21 acids in each experimental species, the snail contains both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. The saturated ones contain: kapron, palmitic, stearin, myristic, arachin, capryl, lauric, behenic, kaprinic, heptadecanic and unsaturated: oleinic, palmitoleic, linoleic, omega-3, omega-6, arachidonic, linolenic, cis-5,8, 11,14,17-eicosapentae-noic, cis-11,14-eicosadenic, cis-13,16-proxazytoic, docosapentaenoic.

scholarly journals ПЕРСПЕКТИВА ВИКОРИСТАННЯ СЛИЗУ РІЗНИХ ВИДІВ РАВЛИКІВ У МЕДИЦИНІ

2021 ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
T. A. Hroshovyi ◽  
B. V. Pavliuk ◽  
M. B. Chubka ◽  
M. M. Dobrynchuk
Keyword(s):  
Helix Pomatia ◽  
Helix Aspersa ◽  
Helix Aspersa Maxima

Резюме. Здавна відомо про терапевтичні властивості слизу різних видів равликів. У світі зростає інтерес науковців щодо можливостей застосування слизу равликів різних видів, зокрема Helix pomatia, Helix aspersa maxima, Helix aspersa muller у медицині. Мета дослідження – узагальнити дані літературних джерел щодо перспективності використання слизу равликів як активного фармацевтичного інгредієнта у медичній галузі та у фармацевтичній промисловості. Матеріали і методи. Проаналізовано та узагальнено дані понад 50 джерел, із яких у даному огляді використано 30 джерел сучасної іноземної та вітчизняної літератури щодо доцільності використання слизу равликів у медицині, фармації та косметології. У дослідженні опрацьовано наукові публікації за останнє десятиліття, які доступні у мережі «Інтернет», ключовими словами були муцин, слиз, равлик, ліофілізація, технологія ліків. Результати. На основі представлених літературних даних можна зробити висновок, що слиз равлика має велике практичне значення для різних галузей медицини (дерматологія, ортопедія, терапія), широко використовується у технології лікарських засобів як активний фармацевтичний інгредієнт та основа для трансдермальних терапевтичних систем. Фармакологічна активність слизу равликів забезпечується збагаченим хімічним складом, адже активними компонентами є протеоглікани, глікозаміноглікани (зокрема, гіалуронова кислота), глікопротеїнові ферменти, амінокислоти, пептиди (мідні, антимікробні), вітаміни (A, C, E, B1 та B6), макро- та мікроелементи (Na, Ca, K, Mg, P, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn), муцин, колаген, гліколева кислота, еластин та алантоїн. Доведено, що слиз равликів має антиоксидантні, антибактеріальні, регенеративні, протизапальні властивості, а також при його застосуванні забезпечується зволожувальна, очищувальна та захисна дії. Висновки. На сьогодні слиз равликів широко використовують у дерматології та косметології, що підтверджують результати фармакологічних досліджень. Актуальним та перспективним є використання слизу як основи-носія для створення лікарських засобів, а також як активного фармацевтичного інгредієнта з широким спектром фармакологічної дії.

scholarly journals Using amphipods as bioindicators of metal pollution in the marine environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Monique Francis Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Seawater Temperature ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Element Concentrations

<p>Heavy metals in the marine environment are a worldwide issue due to their toxicity, non-biodegradability and their ability to accumulate and magnify in organisms. Increased human activity has caused higher inputs of heavy metals, resulting in escalated pressures on delicate coastal ecosystems. A means of assessing the natural environment and how it is changing in response to pollution and other environmental degradation is through the use of biological indicator or biomonitor species. These organisms provide information on the bioavailability of metals present in the environment. In recent years amphipods, a diverse order of small crustaceans, have been increasingly used as bioindicators of disturbed aquatic communities. They are widespread and important components of many food webs, and likely to be frequently exposed to metal contamination through both sediment and seawater. The aim of this research was two-fold: 1) to use amphipods to examine variation across sites and species in concentration of 20+ trace elements and 2) to examine whether the uptake of two metals, copper (Cu) and neodymium (Nd), is mediated by the presence of the other metal or an elevated seawater temperature.  To investigate variation of trace element concentrations across sites, the amphipod Eusiroides monoculoides was collected from three sites in the Wellington region, approximately 5 km apart: Oriental Bay, Evans Bay and Point Halswell. To investigate differences amongst species comparisons were made between Eusiroides monoculoides, Apohyale papanuiensis and Sunamphitoe mixtura when they occurred at the same site. Analysing the trace element concentrations of 36 metals was done using an Inductively Coupled Mass Spectrometer (ICPMS). Overall, although these sites were not greatly distant from each other, there were differences among sites. Evans Bay in general had the highest concentration of trace elements. Further, there were also species-specific differences and S. mixtura was the species with the highest concentration of trace elements. There was also a size effect, where the average dry weight of S. mixtura was negatively related to the concentration of trace elements in the body.  To assess the effects of heavy metals Cu and Nd in both an ambient (14 °C) and elevated (20 °C) temperature, an experiment was run at Victoria University’s Coastal Ecology Lab (VUCEL). Sand hoppers, Bellorchestia quoyana, were collected from a single site in Wellington (Scorching Bay) and assigned to eight treatments: ambient and warm controls in raw seawater and ambient and warm seawater doped with Cu, Nd and Cu and Nd together. Amphipods from treatments with Cu and Nd added had significantly higher concentrations of these metals from the controls, however temperature had no effect, and neither was there an interaction between the metals. Similar to S. mixtura from the field study, dry weight of B. quoyana was negatively related to the concentration of trace elements in the body.  Results from this work demonstrate that when using amphipods as bioindicator species it is important to consider species and size specific effects. This thesis also provides baseline data for 20+ elements from three Wellington sites and demonstrates that there can be unexpected variation across relatively small spatial scales. The laboratory experiment did not yield results that coincided with the consensus of the literature. The experiment showed that at least in this case, temperature did not mediate the uptake of metals and there was a negative relationship between size and metal uptake.</p>

scholarly journals Deskripsi Daging Rana Arfaki (Anura; Ranidae) yang Dikonsumsi Masyarakat Moiley di Pegunungan Arfak

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 330
Author(s):  
Freddy Pattiselanno ◽  
Anita Oce Athabu ◽  
Daniel Yohanes Seseray
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Animal Protein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Meat Processing ◽  
Fresh Meat ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Average Body

Abstract In Papua, especially in the Arfak Mountains, one of wild animals that commonly used as a non-animal protein source is frogs. Although it has been consumed by local people for generations, there is no representative information on the characteristics of Arfak frog meat. This study aims to determine the body weight and weight of carcass of Arfak frogs (Rana arfaki) comsumed by the Moiley communtiies in the Arfak Mountains. In addition, this study also attempts to reveal the physical quality and processing techniques of consumed Arfak forg meat. We used descriptive method with observation techniques in the field. The results show that an average body weight of Arfak frogs consumed in Mbenti is 2.53 ± 0.81gr, with an average of carcass percentage 46.77% and non-carcass percentage 53.23%.  The physical quality of the meat is, fresh and looks intact, the color of flesh and muscles is white to yellowish white, has a distinctive aroma, and elastic texture as well as strong muscles. The pH value of fresh meat is an average of 7.03. Various meat processing techniques are practiced including fried, stir-fry, grilled and smoked, and pickling/smoked is more preffered bacuse it is easy and the meat can keep longer as a source of food for household animal protein. Keywords: Arfak; Cosnsumption; Meat; Quality; Rana arfaki   Abstrak Di Papua khususnya di Pegunungan Arfak, salah satu jenis satwa yang dimanfaatkan masyarakat sebagai sumber protein hewani non-ternak adalah katak. Meskipun telah dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat lokal secara turun temurun, sampai saat ini belum tersedia informasi yang representatif tentang karakteristik daging katak Arfak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bobot badan dan berat karkas katak Arfak (Rana arfaki) yang dikonsumsi masyarakar Moiley di Pegunungan Arfak.  Selain itu juga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas fisik dan teknik pengolahan daging katak Arfak yang dikonsumsi. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan teknik observasi atau pengamatan langsung di lapangan.  Rataan bobot badan katak Arfak (Rana arfaki) yang dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat di Mbenti yaitu 2,53 ± 0,81gr dengan rataan persentase karkas yaitu 46,77% dan persentase non-karkasnya sebesar 53,23%. Kualitas fisik daging katak Arfak yaitu memiliki karakteristik segar dan tampak utuh, warna daging dan otot putih hingga putih kekuningan, memiliki aroma khas, dengan tekstur elastis serta memiliki otot kuat. Sedangkan nilai pH daging katak Arfak segar yang dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat yaitu rata-rata adalah 7,03.  Teknik pengolahan daging yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat beragam antara lain goreng, tumis, bakar dan asap. Cara asar/asap lebih disenangi karena mudah dilakukan dan dapat memperpanjang masa simpan daging sebagai cadangan sumber pangan protein hewani rumah tangga. Kata kunci: Arfak; Daging; Konsumsi; Kualitas; Rana arfaki

scholarly journals Influence of anthropogenic factors on the fauna of diplopods in the steppe zone of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
V. M. Kozak
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Pirimiphos Methyl ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

Various industries that constantly pollute the environment with their waste are quite well developed in the steppe zone of Ukraine. That in turn affects living organisms. The analysis of literature sources allowed to determine the factors influencing the diplopods fauna of the Steppe. Parasites, herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, heavy metals and other pollutants adversely affect invertebrates. Pesticides (glyphosate, imidacloprid, dimethoate, pirimiphos-methyl, propargite, cypermethrin, tebuconazole, chlorpyrifos, mefenoxam, mancozeb, sulfur, propiconazole, cyprodinil) are toxic to diplopods. They can affect lifetime, fertility, abundance, coordination of movements, feeding rates, change body weight and even in high concentrations cause the death of these animals. Sulfur, pirimiphos-methyl, propiconazole, imidacloprid, dimethoate and cypermethrin are the most toxic of all these pesticides. They cause the highest mortality. Heavy metals accumulate in the bodies of saprophages, reduce their abundance, affect body weight, cause a change in the intensity of eating food by diplopods. Nickel, lead, cadmium, zinc, cuprum and ferrum are toxic to millipedes. High concentrations of cadmium cause 100% mortality of Megaphyllum kievense (Lohmander, 1928). The development of urbanization causes a decrease in the abundance of saprophages. The species composition and number of individuals of some taxonomic groups of millipedes are reduced in reclamation areas. The nematodes Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser, 1955) and Heterorhabditis heliothidis (Khan, Brooks & Hirschmann, 1976) slow down the protective reactions of the body of Oxidus gracilis (C. L. Koch, 1847). The high intensity of diplopod infection with gregarines slows down the feeding process of Rossiulus kessleri (Lohmander, 1927). Lighting, soil humidity and the number of ants also affect the abundance of diplopods in natural forests and forest plantations of the steppe zone. Thus the diplopods are influenced by many environmental factors that can reduce their abundance in agrocenoses, forested and reclamation areas of the steppe zone of Ukraine.

scholarly journals NONINVASIVE METHODS FOR STUDYING THE INFLUENCE OF NONFERROUS METALLURGY EMISSIONS ON HUMAN HEALTH

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (12) ◽  
pp. 1192-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. N. Rakitskii ◽  
T. V. Yudina ◽  
Marina V. Egorova ◽  
N. S. Kutakova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Nonferrous Metallurgy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Methodological Approaches

There are presented methodological approaches to assess the risk of negative factors associated with characteristic areas of metallurgical enterprises in pollution of the environment with heavy metals to human health. The use of noninvasive biotesting, based on established correlations of indices of trace elements and oxidative status in the body is suggested. As a non-invasive biological material, alveolar moisture condensate from the person (expirate) is used. The basis for the health risk assessment is information on the balance of two components of the oxidative process responsible for the adaptive function of the body - free radical oxidation and antioxidant defense system. An imbalance of these processes contributes to the development of oxidative stress, the complication of the course of many diseases. The deviation in quantitative indices of a number of elements, primarily of metals of variable valency, which participate in reactions of lipid peroxidation, showing pro - or antioxidant properties can also serve as the indicator of the effects of complex heavy metals. The identified relationship of trace elements and oxidative status allows providing the approach to the assessment of processes of peroxidation in the assessment of microelement exchange indirectly. To study the intensity of peroxidation and capacity of the antioxidant defense system in expirate a number of methodological solutions was proposed - methods of chemiluminescence and spectrophotometry, as well as biotest, allowing detect deviations in the oxidative status and based on the level of bioluminescence of lyophilized bacteria by oxidative potential of investigated expirate of alveolar moisture. The complex of methods for assessment of the degree of the health risk associated with pollution by heavy metals can be used for screening observations in selected contingents with the purpose of formation of risk groups such as individually for the choice the optimal ways of correction of disorders and the assessment of the efficiency of preventive or corrective measures. Examples of methodological approaches in one of the regions of accommodation of the enterprises of nonferrous metallurgy, and in the estimation of risk development of pathological conditions and the efficiency of the treatment for a particular worker of the metallurgical plant, as the patient in the clinic of occupational diseases.

scholarly journals TOXICITY TEST OF INDIVIDUAL AND COMBINED TOXIC EFFECTS OF GLYPHOSATE HERBICIDE AND HEAVY METALS ON CHICKEN EMBRYOS

AGROFOR ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita SZABÓ ◽  
Dalma CSONKA ◽  
László MAJOR ◽  
József LEHEL ◽  
Péter BUDAI
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Embryo Mortality ◽  
Developmental Anomalies ◽  
Chicken Embryos ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Test Materials ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Chicken Eggs

The aim of this study was to determine the individual and combined toxicity of Glialka Star herbicide (glyphosate 360 g/l) and heavy metals (copper and cadmium) on the development of chicken embryos. On the first day of incubation, chicken eggs were injected by 0.1 ml of the test materials. The applied concentration of copper and cadmium sulphate was 0.01% and that of herbicide Glialka Star was 2%. The chicken embryos were examined on day 19 by the followings: rate of embryo mortality, body mass, type of developmental anomalies by macroscopic examination. The body weight was evaluated statistically by oneway ANOVA combined with Dunnett post-test, the embryo mortality and the developmental anomalies were analysed by Fisher test. Our teratogenicity study revealed that the combined administration of heavy metals (copper, cadmium) and glyphosate (K-salt) containing herbicide formulation caused significant reduction in the body weight of embryos and a significant increase in the rate of embryonic mortality and the incidence of developmental anomalies. The joint toxic effect of heavy metals and Glialka Star is an additive effect compared to the individual toxicity of the test materials.

scholarly journals Productive qualities of ducklings with different normalization methods trace elements in the diet

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (84) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. I. Ibatullin ◽  
M. I. Holubiev ◽  
V. V. Otchenashko ◽  
K. I. Makhno
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Independent Experiment ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Organic Form ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Dietary Treatments

In the article, results of researches on an establishment of an optimum source of Manganese, Zinc, Iron and Copper are resulted. Different source Manganese, Zinc, Iron and Copper was additionally added mixed fodder for ducklings grown for meat. Experimental studies conducted in terms of problem research laboratory of feed additives National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine. Independent experiment was conducted with growing meat ducklings. We conducted a randomized block experiment with 5 treatments, each with 4 replicates of 25 growing ducks (1 to 42 d of age). A diet consisting of corn, soybean and sunflower meal, fish meal, premix (22.5% CP, 2.92 kcal of ME/g on 1 to 14 d of age, 18.5% CP, 2.90 kcal of ME/g on 15 to 42 d of age) having severally Manganese, Zinc, Iron, Copper at sulphate, glycinate and citrate. The premix was formulated to contain the requirements of trace elements in combination of either inorganic (sulphate form) or organic form (glycinate and citrate form). Diets were supplemented with the organic form of zinc, copper, manganese or iron at the rate of 100% or 75% of the total requirements of the elements. Diets and water were offered ad libitum. After 6 weeks of dietary treatments the growth performance (feed intake, body weight, daily gain, feed conversion, homogeneity of the poultry) were affected by dietary treatments. Results indicated that chicks fed diets containing 100% organic minerals (Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu) had significantly higher body weight, better feed conversion compared with those of inorganic control minerals treatment. Use of fodder for ducklings, which are grown for meat glycinate Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu versus sulfate improves their productive performance. The body weight of ducklings at 42 d of age is more by 1.6% (P < 0.05) and the conversion of feed is 1.0% higher. The conversion of feed from consumption was rather high (R2=0.84), which confirms the change in the productive indicators of duckling from the feed factor.

Immunotoxicological examination of repeated dose combined exposure by dimethoate and two heavy metals in rats

1999 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Institóris ◽  
Olga Siroki ◽  
I Dési ◽  
Ülkü Ündeger
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Combined Exposure ◽  
Cell Content

The immunotoxicity of 28 days combined oral exposure by dimethoate (DM) and two heavy metals (Pb or Cd) was investigated in male Wistar rats. Immunotoxic and no-effect doses of DM (28.2 and 7.04 mg/kg) were combined with immunotoxic and no-effect doses of CdCl2 (6.43 and 1.61 mg/kg) or lead acetate (80.0 and 20.0 mg/kg) in such a way that the high dose of each substance was given in combination with the no-effect dose of the other. To examine the interactions of these agents, general toxico-logical (body weight gain, organ weights), haematological (absolute and differential WBC, RBC, MCV, Ht, cell content of the femoral bone marrow), and immune function (splenic PFC number, DTH reaction) parameters were measured. Treatment with the combination of Pb or Cd and DM did not result in a reduction of humoral (PFC) and cellular (DTH) immune responses, whereas treatment with the substances alone did result in immune suppression. This protecting effect can probably be attributed to an effect on the kinetics of the compounds tested rather than on the immune system itself. Further interactions were found in both combinations, DM-Cd and DM-Pb, in the body weight gain and in the relative liver weight; the DMPb combination also affected the relative thymus weight and the MCV value. These findings show that the immunotoxic effects of the investigated materials, including their detectability and health consequences, can be modified in case of combined exposure.

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