scholarly journals Morphometric Study on the Fetal Thyroid Gland in the Nude Mouse (BALB/cAnNCrj-nu/nu).

1996 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomo INOMATA ◽  
Hiroyoshi NINOMIYA ◽  
Shizuo KAWAKAMI ◽  
Kazuko SAKAGUCHI ◽  
Katsuyasu SAKITA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Nude Mouse ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Fetal Thyroid

scholarly journals Thyroid Hormone Deficiency Before the Onset of Hearing Causes Irreversible Damage to Peripheral and Central Auditory Systems

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 3101-3112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlies Knipper ◽  
Christoph Zinn ◽  
Hannes Maier ◽  
Mark Praetorius ◽  
Karin Rohbock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Auditory System ◽  
Critical Time ◽  
Organ Of Corti ◽  
Thyroid Gland Function ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Fetal Thyroid ◽  
Gland Function ◽  
Dependent Processes

Both a genetic or acquired neonatal thyroid hormone (TH) deficiency may result in a profound mental disability that is often accompanied by deafness. The existence of various TH-sensitive periods during inner ear development and general success of delayed, corrective TH treatment was investigated by treating pregnant and lactating rats with the goitrogen methimazole (MMI). We observed that for the establishment of normal hearing ability, maternal TH, before fetal thyroid gland function on estrus days 17–18, is obviously not required. Within a crucial time between the onset of fetal thyroid gland function and the onset of hearing at postnatal day 12 ( P12), any postponement in the rise of TH-plasma levels, as can be brought about by treating lactating mothers with MMI, leads to permanent hearing defects of the adult offspring. The severity of hearing defects that were measured in 3- to 9-mo-old offspring could be increased with each additional day of TH deficiency during this critical period. Unexpectedly, the active cochlear process, assayed by distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) measurements, and speed of auditory brain stem responses, which both until now were not thought to be controlled by TH, proved to be TH-dependent processes that were damaged by a delay of TH supply within this critical time. In contrast, no significant differences in the gross morphology and innervation of the organ of Corti or myelin gene expression in the auditory system, detected as myelin basic protein (MBP) and proteolipid protein (PLP) mRNA using Northern blot approach, were observed when TH supply was delayed for few days. These classical TH-dependent processes, however, were damaged when TH supply was delayed for several weeks. These surprising results may suggest the existence of different TH-dependent processes in the auditory system: those that respond to corrective TH supply (e.g., innervation and morphogenesis of the organ of Corti) and those that do not, but require T3 activity during a very tight time window (e.g., active cochlear process, central processes).

scholarly journals A MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF THE THYROID GLAND IN HUMAN CADAVERS

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4.1) ◽  
pp. 5783-5787
Author(s):  
Shobha Gaikwad ◽  
◽  
Rajani Joshi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Human Cadavers

Effect of Hypophysectomy of the Pregnant Rat on I131 Metabolism of the Fetal Thyroid Gland

Endocrinology ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 518-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. NATAF ◽  
I. L. CHAIKOFF
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Pregnant Rat ◽  
Fetal Thyroid

Floating cultures obtained from human fetal thyroid gland

1988 ◽  
Vol 106 (5) ◽  
pp. 1616-1618
Author(s):  
V. N. Blyumkin ◽  
L. A. Kirsanova ◽  
N. N. Skaletskii ◽  
R. P. Babikova ◽  
Yu. V. Kiprenskii
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Fetal Thyroid

scholarly journals Peri-conceptional changes in maternal exposure to sewage sludge chemicals disturbs fetal thyroid gland development in sheep

2013 ◽  
Vol 367 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 98-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Hombach-Klonisch ◽  
Adrian Danescu ◽  
Farhana Begum ◽  
Maria R. Amezaga ◽  
Stewart M. Rhind ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Maternal Exposure ◽  
Fetal Thyroid ◽  
Gland Development

scholarly journals Management of Graves’ Disease during Pregnancy: The Key Role of Fetal Thyroid Gland Monitoring

2005 ◽  
Vol 90 (11) ◽  
pp. 6093-6098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Luton ◽  
Isabelle Le Gac ◽  
Edith Vuillard ◽  
Mireille Castanet ◽  
Jean Guibourdenche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Tsh Receptor ◽  
Antithyroid Drugs ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Bone Maturation ◽  
Normal Test ◽  
Fetal Thyroid

Abstract Background: Fetuses from mothers with Graves’ disease may experience hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism due to transplacental transfer of antithyroid drugs (ATD) or anti-TSH receptor antibodies, respectively. Little is known about the fetal consequences. Early diagnosis is essential to successful management. We investigated a new approach to the fetal diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction and validated the usefulness of fetal thyroid ultrasonograms. Methods: Seventy-two mothers with past or present Graves’ disease and their fetuses were monitored monthly from 22 wk gestation. Fetal thyroid size and Doppler signals, and fetal bone maturation were determined on ultrasonograms, and thyroid function was evaluated at birth. Thyroid function and ATD dosage were monitored in the mothers. Results: The 31 fetuses whose mothers were anti-TSH receptor antibody negative and took no ATDs during late pregnancy had normal test results. Of the 41 other fetuses, 30 had normal test results at 32 wk, 29 were euthyroid at birth, and one had moderate hypothyroidism on cord blood tests. In the remaining 11 fetuses, goiter was visualized by ultrasonography at 32 wk, and fetal thyroid dysfunction was diagnosed and treated; there was one death, in a late referral, and 10 good outcomes with normal or slightly altered thyroid function at birth. The sensitivity and specificity of fetal thyroid ultrasound at 32 wk for the diagnosis of clinically relevant fetal thyroid dysfunction were 92 and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: In pregnant women with past or current Graves’ disease, ultrasonography of the fetal thyroid gland by an experienced ultrasonographer is an excellent diagnostic tool. This tool in conjunction with close teamwork among internists, endocrinologists, obstetricians, echographists, and pediatricians can ensure normal fetal thyroid function.

Thyroid Hormone Secretion by the Fetal Thyroid Gland

Endocrinology ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIAM H. BEIERWALTES
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Fetal Thyroid
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