scholarly journals Follicular waves and circulating concentrations of gonadotrophins, inhibin and oestradiol during the anovulatory season in mares

Reproduction ◽  
2002 ◽  
pp. 875-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
FX Donadeu ◽  
OJ Ginther
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sample ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Follicle Growth ◽  
Follicular Waves ◽  
Follicular Wave ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Temporal Basis ◽  
Follicular Activity

Follicular waves and associated circulating hormone concentrations were studied during the anovulatory season in pony mares (n=8). Follicles were monitored by ultrasonography and a blood sample was taken daily from 29 January until ovulation (mean, 28 April). A mid-anovulatory period (largest follicle, 16.0+/-0.5 mm in diameter) and transitional period (largest follicle, 22.4+/-0.5 mm) were distinctive in each mare. The two periods were delineated by an increase in the diameter of the largest follicle to >/=21.0 mm. Follicular waves, identified by significant increases in the mean diameter of the second to sixth largest follicles, were detected during both the mid-anovulatory and transitional periods. The mean number of follicles >/=15.0 mm in diameter and the diameter of the second to sixth largest follicles increased in association with statistically identified FSH surges. The pattern of the FSH concentration changes during surges did not change during the mid-anovulatory and transitional periods. During the declining portion of the FSH surge, follicle growth continued and circulating total inhibin increased, indicating suppression of FSH by inhibin from the growing follicles. Circulating oestradiol or LH did not change relative to wave emergence. Results indicated that follicular waves occurred during the second-half of the anovulatory season, even during the period of lowest follicular activity. On a temporal basis, follicular wave emergence was stimulated by surges in circulating FSH. However, the increase in follicle growth to >/=21.0 mm in diameter for the wave at the beginning of the transitional period and for the subsequent waves was not attributable to a change in the characteristics of the associated FSH surges.

Induction of haemorrhagic anovulatory follicles in mares

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 947 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. J. Ginther ◽  
M. O. Gastal ◽  
E. L. Gastal ◽  
J. C. Jacob ◽  
M. A. Beg
Keyword(s):  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Follicular Waves ◽  
Follicular Wave ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Mean

A follicular wave and luteolysis were induced in mares by ablation of follicles ≥6 mm and treatment with prostaglandin F2α (PGF) on Day 10 (where ovulation = Day 0). The incidence of haemorrhagic anovulatory follicles (HAFs) in the induced waves (20%) was greater (P < 0.007) than in preceding spontaneous waves (2%). Hormone and follicle dynamics were compared between induced follicular waves that ended in ovulations (ovulating group; n = 36) v. HAFs (HAF group; n = 9). The day of the first ovulation or the beginning of HAF formation at the end of an induced wave was designated as post-treatment Day 0. The mean 13-day interval from Day 10 (PGF and ablation) to the post-treatment ovulation was normalised into Days 10 to 16, followed by Day –6 to Day 0 relative to the post-treatment ovulation. Concentrations of LH were greater (P < 0.05) in the HAF group than in the ovulating group on Days 10, 11, 12, 14, –3 and –2. The HAF group had greater (P < 0.003) LH concentrations on Day 10 of the preceding oestrous cycle with spontaneous ovulatory waves. The diameter of the largest follicle was less (P < 0.05) in the HAF group on most days between Day 13 and Day –1 and this was attributable to later (P < 0.002) emergence of the future largest follicle at 6 mm in the HAF group (Day 12.4 ± 0.5) than in the ovulating group (Day 11.3 ± 0.1). The results indicate that the high incidence of HAFs after PGF and ablation was associated with later follicle emergence and immediate and continuing greater LH concentration after PGF treatment, apparently augmented by an inherently high pretreatment LH concentration.

229 EVALUATION OF OOCYTE QUALITY RECOVERED FROM Gir BREED COWS WITH SYNCHRONIZED FOLLICULAR WAVE ON IN VITRO EMBRYO PRODUCTION

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
L. T. Iguma ◽  
J. N. S. Sales ◽  
R. I. T. P. Batista ◽  
M. M. Pereira ◽  
C. C. R. Quintão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cumulus Cell ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Fertilization In Vitro ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Follicular Waves ◽  
Follicular Wave ◽  
Cell Layers ◽  
The Mean ◽  
In Vitro Embryo Production

Recent data reveal that approximately 80% of bovine embryos produced in vitro worldwide are from (Brazil J. H. M. Viana, personal communication). Adoption of this biotechnology by Brazilian producers might be attributed to particularities of the Bos indicus subspecies. Zebu breeds provide 2 to 3 times more viable oocytes than Bos taurus breeds per ovum pickup (OPU) session. This work aimed to evaluate the quality of cumulus–oocyte complexes (COC) retrieved from Gir breed cows (B. indicus) by OPU with a synchronized follicular wave and subjected to an in vitro embryo production (IVP) technique. All COC were obtained by OPU of 14 Gir cows performed every 14 days. There were 4 OPU sessions, preceded by synchronization of the follicular waves. Wave synchronization was achieved by an injection of 2 mg of oestradiol benzoate followed by the insertion of a norgestomet implant that stayed in place for 5 days. On Day 5, follicles of 2 to 8 mm were aspirated. The oocytes recovered were distributed according to classification: Group 1, with ≥3 cumulus cell layers and homogeneous or slightly heterogeneous cytoplasm (n = 314); and Group 2, ≤2 cumulus cells layers and slightly or coarsely granulated cytoplasm (n = 236). Oocytes from both groups were followed to in vitro maturation–IVF–fertilization–in vitro culture. Two (Day 2) and 8 (Day 8) days after the beginning of fertilization, the cleavage and blastocyst rates were measured, respectively. The statistical analyses were performed using a chi-square test (P < 0.05). The mean cleavage rates observed were 72.93 and 69.07% (not significant), whereas the mean blastocyst rates were 37.90 and 17.80%, and were significantly different for Groups 1 and 2, respectively. The results suggest that the morphology of oocytes (number of cumulus cell layers and cytoplasm homogeneity) is a strong indicator of the in vitro developmental capacity of oocytes recovered from Gir cows with synchronized follicular waves, although we did not observe compromised cleavage rates. Financial support was provided by Fapesp/Fapemig/CNPq/Embrapa. Epamig/Faz. Calciolândia/Nutricell–Nutrientes Celulares is acknowledged.

scholarly journals A SOMATOTROFINA BOVINA (bST) E SUA RELAÇÃO COM O RECRUTAMENTO FOLICULAR OVARIANO DURANTE O CICLO ESTRAL DE VACAS

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L.E. KOZICKI ◽  
M.S. SEGUI ◽  
J.C. FANTINI FILHO ◽  
F.R.A. PRADO ◽  
F. MATTÉ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Estrus Cycle ◽  
Follicular Waves ◽  
Follicular Wave ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
The Mean

O objetivo do experimento foi testar os efeitos da somatotrofina bovina (BST) no recrutamento de folículos ovarianos, durante o ciclo estral de vacas. Foram utilizadas seis vacas não lactantes Bostrurus taurus antes do experimento, os animais foram submetidos a exames ginecológicos completos, estando o escore médio da condição corporal dos animais em 3,0. As vacas foram divididas ao acaso em dois grupos: G1 - três animais, tratados com somatotrofina bovina recombinante (BST) 500 mg, de liberação lenta com vitamina E (IM); G2 - três vacas controles, que receberam 10 ml (IM) de solução fisiológica estéril como placebo. Para sincronizar o estro base das vacas foram utilizados implantes de norgestomet de 3 mg, na face externa da orelha (SC). O implante permaneceu por 10 dias seguidos nos animais de ambos os grupos e na sua retirada, utilizou-se uma dose de 500 ì g de cloprostenol (IM). No 3º dia pós estro os animais foram tratados respectivamente com BST (G1) e solução fisiológica para os controles (G2). Diariamente, a partir do dia do estro base até o próximo estro, os ovários das vacas foram “monitorados¨ ultrassonograficamente com vistas ao número de folículos recrutados em cada onda folicular, verificação do folículo dominante (FD) e sua evolução, bem como o diâmetro individual dos outros folículos. Para o monitoramento folicular ovariano, foi utilizado aparelho de ultrassonografia e transdutor linear de 5.0 megahertz. Foram detectados durante o ciclo estral em média 8,5 e 8,3 folículos maiores que 4,0 mm de diâmetro nos animais dos G1 e G2 respectivamente; em torno do 10º dia pós tratamento observou-se o maior número de folículos recrutados em ambos os grupos; houve cinco animais com 2 ondas foliculares e um com três, sendo o número de folículos recrutados em cada onda como segue (G1 e G2, respectivamente): 1ª onda 7,6 e 7,0; 2ª onda 8,3 e 8,0; dia da detecção do 1º FD 1,0 e 1,6 dias ; 2º FD 8,6 e 9,0 dias; duração da 1ª onda folicular 11,6 e 9,6 dias; da 2ª onda folicular 8,0 e 7,6 dias; diâmetro máximo do 1º FD 18,2 e 15,8 mm; do 2º FD 16,6 e 15,0 mm; diâmetro do corpo lúteo (CL) do estro base 30,7 e 24,3 mm; dia do diâmetro folicular máximo pós tratamento do FD da 1ª onda: 8,6º e 10,3º; do 2º FD 18,6º e 16,6º dia. Baseados nesses resultados concluiu-se que a aplicação isolada de BST no 3º dia do ciclo estral, não exerceu influência entre os grupos relativamente ao recrutamento folicular ovariano, à exceção da duração da fase luteal, a qual alongou-se significativamente (p0,05) entre os grupos. A administração do BST expressou uma tendência em maior número de folículos recrutados (p>0,05). The bovine somatotrophin in the estrus cycle and its relationships with the ovarian follicular recruitment in cows Abstract The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of the bovine somatotropin (BST) on the ovarian follicular wave of estrus cycle in cows. Six nonlactating cows Bos taurus taurus, from which four Holstein Friesian, one Jersey and one Holstein-pingzgauer breed, were used. The cows were submitted to a genital examination prior to the experiment, the mean body score condition observed being 3.0. The animals were maintained on oat and azeven pasture, with corn silage and mineral suplementation ad libitum. The cows were ramdomly divided in two groups: G1 – three animals treated with 500 mg BST in the third day post estrus; G2 - three control cows (10 ml physiologic solution). Norgestomet implants on the ear internal face and intramuscular PGF2 alpha were used to perform the estrus synchronization. The bovine ovaries were daily scanned by ultrasound, from the estrus day to the following estrus, in order to detect the follicular development in each follicular wave. During the estrus cycle 8.5 and 8.3 follicles bigger than 4.0 mm of diameter were detected in G1 and G2, respectively. The highest number of recruitment follicles occurred in both groups around the 10th day post treatment; five cows had two follicular waves and the other, one. The number of recruitment follicles in each wave for G1 and G2 group was respectively: 1st wave, 7.6 and 7.0; 2nd wave, 8.3 and 8.0; 1st dominant follicle (FD) detection 1.0 and 1.6 days; 2nd FD detection 8.6 and 9.0 days; 1st follicular wave length, 11.6 and 9.6 days; 2nd follicular wave, 8.0 and 7.6 days. The maximum diameter of the 1st FD was 18.2 and 15.8 mm; from the 2nd FD 16.6 and 15.0 mm; CL diameter from the estrus basis, 30.7 and 24.3 mm; at the day of the major follicular diameter post treatment of the 1st FD (1st wave) 8.6 and 10.3; from the 2nd wave, FD 18.6 and 16.6 day, respectively. In conclusion, the isolated administration of BST in the 3rd day of the estrus cycle did not influence the follicular recruitment between groups, except on the length of the luteal phase (p0.05) between groups. The BST effect appointed a tendency on the greater number of recruitment follicles (p>0,05).

scholarly journals Hormonal mechanism of follicle deviation as indicated by major versus minor follicular waves during the transition into the anovulatory season in mares

Reproduction ◽  
2003 ◽  
pp. 653-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
OJ Ginther ◽  
BG Woods ◽  
C Meira ◽  
MA Beg ◽  
DR Bergfelt
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Follicle ◽  
Follicle Growth ◽  
Follicular Waves ◽  
Hormonal Mechanism ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Temporal Basis

Follicle growth and circulating hormone concentrations were compared between an interovulatory interval and the first 60 days of the anovulatory season in pony mares. Daily observations were made from November of three groups: (i) ablation of follicles of >/=6 mm in diameter at day 10 after an ovulation that initiated an interovulatory interval, as determined retrospectively (ovulatory group, n=8), (ii) ablation at day 10 after the last ovulation of the year (anovulatory-10 group, n=6); and (iii) ablation at day 60 after the last ovulation of the year (anovulatory-60 group, n=6). Follicular waves were defined as major (dominant follicle) and minor (no dominant follicle). The percentage of mares with major waves after ablation for the ovulatory, anovulatory-10 and anovulatory-60 groups was 100, 33 and 0%, respectively, and the percentage with minor waves was 0, 67 and 100%, respectively. Minor waves were also detected in 83% of anovulatory mares between day 20 and day 60. Growth of the largest follicle was similar for major waves and minor waves but only until the beginning of deviation in the major waves. FSH surges after ablation were similar for all groups and for surges detected during days 20-60. Concentrations of LH were greater in association with major waves than with minor waves. Both diameter of the largest follicle and LH concentrations for minor waves were greater after ablation at day 10 after the last ovulation of the year than after ablation at day 60. The results of this study indicate that major follicular waves developed in some mares early in the anovulatory season and that minor waves developed throughout the first 2 months. Despite similarities in the wave-stimulating FSH surge, differences in follicle growth occurred and were attributable, on a temporal basis, to differences in LH concentrations. A minor wave developed into a major wave when the largest follicle reached a diameter characteristic of the beginning of deviation in the presence of an adequate LH stimulus for continued growth of a dominant follicle.

scholarly journals Systemic concentrations of hormones during the development of follicular waves in mares and women: a comparative study

Reproduction ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
O J Ginther ◽  
M A Beg ◽  
E L Gastal ◽  
M O Gastal ◽  
A R Baerwald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Follicular Waves ◽  
Follicular Wave ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Ovulatory Follicle ◽  
Temporal Relationships ◽  
Concentration Changes

Changes in systemic concentrations of FSH, LH, oestradiol and progesterone during the ovulatory follicular wave were compared between 30 mares and 30 women. Based on a previous study, the emergence of the future ovulatory follicle was defined as occurring at 13.0 mm in mares and 6.0 mm in women, and deviation in diameter between the two largest follicles was expected to begin at 22.7 mm in mares and 10.3 mm in women. Mean FSH concentrations were high in mares during the luteal phase, resulting from statistically identified FSH surges occurring in individuals on different days and in different numbers (mean, 1.5 ± 0.2 surges/mare); the internadir interval was 3.9 ± 0.3 days. In contrast, mean FSH in women was low during the luteal phase and increased to a prolonged elevation during the follicular phase. The prolonged elevation was apparent in each individual (internadir interval, 15.2 ± 0.4 days). Changes in LH or oestradiol concentrations encompassing deviation were not detected in mares, but both hormones increased slightly but significantly between emergence and deviation in women. The hypothesis that a greater number of growing follicles causes a greater predeviation decrease in FSH was supported for mares (r, −0.39;P< 0.04), but a similar negative correlation (r, −0.36) was not significant in women. The hypothesis that the increase in oestradiol during the luteal phase in women was at least partly attributable to luteal-phase anovulatory follicular waves was not supported. Normalization of FSH concentrations to the day of emergence showed maximum value on the day of emergence with a significant increase and decrease on each side of emergence in both species. The day of expected deviation occurred 3 days after emergence during the decline in FSH in both species. These results indicated that the previously reported striking similarities in emergence and deviation between mares and women during the ovulatory follicular wave are associated with species similarities in the temporal relationships between follicle events and FSH concentration changes. Thus, mares may be useful research models for studying the role and mechanism of the action of FSH in emergence and deviation during the ovulatory follicular wave in women.

Non-isothermal crystallization behavior of spinel crystals in FeO-SiO2-TiO2-V2O3-Cr2O3 slag

2018 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Lixiong Shao ◽  
Jiang Diao ◽  
Wang Zhou ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Bing Xie
Keyword(s):  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
Growth Mechanisms ◽  
Vanadium Slag ◽  
Growth Behaviour ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Chromium Spinel ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
The Mean

The growth behaviour of spinel crystals in vanadium slag with high Cr2O3 content was investigated and clarified by statistical analyses based on the Crystal Size Distribution (CSD) theory. The results indicate that low cooling rate and Cr2O3 content benefit the growth of spinel crystals. The chromium spinel crystals firstly precipitated and then acted as the heterogeneous nuclei of vanadium and titanium spinel crystals. The growth mechanisms of the spinel crystals at the cooling rate of 5 K/min consist two regimes: firstly, nucleation control in the temperature range of 1873 to 1773 K, in which the shapes of CSD curves are asymptotic; secondly, surface and supply control within the temperature range of 1773 to 1473 K, in which the shapes of CSD curves are lognormal. The mean diameter of spinel crystals increases from 3.97 to 52.21 µm with the decrease of temperature from 1873 to 1473 K.

scholarly journals Bark proportion of Scots pine industrial wood

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferréol Berendt ◽  
Erik Pegel ◽  
Lubomir Blasko ◽  
Tobias Cremer
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Bark Thickness ◽  
Wood Supply ◽  
Volume Proportion ◽  
Bark Damage ◽  
Mass Proportion ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
The Mean

AbstractBark characteristics are not only used in the forest-wood supply chain, for example to calculate standing volumes, but also to transform wood volumes and masses. In this study, bark thickness, bark volume and bark mass were analyzed on the basis of 150 Scots pine discs, with a mean diameter of 13 cm. The mean double bark thickness was 3.02 mm, the mean bark volume proportion was 5.6% and mean bark mass proportion was 3.3%. Bark proportions were significantly affected by the log-specific variables ‘diameter over bark’, ‘proportion of bark damage’ and ‘double bark thickness’.

scholarly journals The use of a ‘first-wave’ model to study the effect of nutrition on ovarian follicular dynamics and ovulation rate in the sheep

Reproduction ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
pp. 865-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Viñoles ◽  
B Paganoni ◽  
K M M Glover ◽  
J T B Milton ◽  
D Blache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Wave Model ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Metabolic Hormones ◽  
Follicular Waves ◽  
Follicular Wave ◽  
The Third ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Follicular Dynamics

We have developed an experimental model in which groups of ewes are simultaneously experiencing the first ovarian follicular wave of their oestrous cycle. We used this ‘first-wave model’ in a 2×2 factorial experiment (ten ewes per group) to study the effect of body condition (BC) and a short-term supplement on follicular dynamics and ovulation rate. The ‘first-wave’ was established by giving ewes three injections of prostaglandin (PG), 7 days apart. The 6-day supplement (lupin grain) began 2 days after the second PG injection and continued until the third. Follicles were studied by ultrasound, and blood was sampled to measure glucose and hormones. The supplement increased (P<0.01) the concentrations of glucose, insulin and leptin, decreased FSH concentrations (P<0.01) and tended to increase oestradiol concentrations (P=0.06). The supplement tended to increase the number of 3 mm follicles (P=0.06). Compared with low-BC ewes, high-BC ewes had more follicular waves (P<0.05), higher concentrations of insulin, leptin and IGF1 (P<0.05) and tended to have higher FSH concentrations (P=0.09). Leptin and insulin concentrations remained high until the end of supplementation in high-BC ewes, whereas they decreased after the third day of supplementation in low-BC ewes. In conclusion, high concentrations of metabolic hormones in fat ewes are associated with the development of more follicular waves. When a supplement is superimposed on this situation, changes in glucose and metabolic hormones allow more follicles to be selected to ovulate.

CONTROLLABLE CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION SYNTHESIS OF SINGLE-WALL CARBON NANOTUBES USING MIST FLOW METHOD

NANO ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 07 (06) ◽  
pp. 1250045 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUN SUN ◽  
RYO KITAURA ◽  
TAKUYA NAKAYAMA ◽  
YASUMITSU MIYATA ◽  
HISANORI SHINOHARA
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Chemical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Flow Method ◽  
Mist Flow ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
The Mean

The influences of synthesis parameters on the mean diameter and diameter distribution of as-grown single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using the mist flow method have been investigated in detail with Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We found that CVD reaction temperature and flow rate play an essential role in controlling the mean diameter and the quality of as-grown SWCNTs. Furthermore, we found that the carbon supply kinetics can be a dominant factor to determine the diameter of as-grown SWCNTs in the present mist flow method. Under a different combination of various parameters, the mean diameter of SWCNTs can be varied from 0.9 nm to 1.5 nm controllably.

Initial Clinical Experience with Percutaneous Atherectomy in the Infragenicular Arteries

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 987-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Zeller ◽  
Ulrich Frank ◽  
Karlheinz Bürgelin ◽  
Uwe Schwarzwälder ◽  
Peter-Christian Flügel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Balloon Angioplasty ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Peroneal Artery ◽  
Lesion Length ◽  
Anterior Tibial Artery ◽  
Tibial Artery ◽  
Below The Knee ◽  
Directional Atherectomy ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new atherectomy device for the treatment of infragenicular lesions in arteries with a reference diameter of at least 2.5 mm. Methods: Twenty-seven below-the-knee lesions in 17 patients (12 men; mean age 69±12 years) with chronic peripheral arterial occlusive disease were treated with directional atherectomy. The target lesion was in the popliteal artery (segment 3) in 2 (7%) cases, the tibioperoneal trunk in 12 (44%), the peroneal artery in 8 (30%), the anterior tibial artery in 2 (7%), and the posterior tibial artery in 3 (11%). Six (22%) of the lesions were in-stent stenoses. The mean diameter stenosis was 87%±9%, and the mean lesion length was 34±24 mm. Results: All but 2 (7%) of the lesions could be treated successfully (residual stenosis <30%) with the atherectomy catheter (93% technical success) using an average of 5±2 (range 1–10) passes of the device. Six lesions (22%) were treated after predilation and 21 (78%) with primary atherectomy. In 8 (30%) lesions, additional balloon angioplasty was performed. The 2 failures were in heavily calcified lesions through which the device could not pass despite predilation. The mean diameter stenosis after atherectomy was 14%±22% (range 0%–90%); after additional balloon angioplasty, the mean residual stenoses reduced to 12%±21% (range 0%–100%). One (6%) of the 2 patients who failed atherectomy sustained a thrombotic occlusion of the target vessel. This complication was treated successfully with local lysis, but the vessel reoccluded 3 days later; a stent was implanted. The mean ankle-brachial index increased from 0.50±0.27 to 0.86±0.40 before discharge. Conclusions: Below-the-knee native vessel lesions and in-stent restenoses with a diameter of at least 2.5 mm can be treated successfully and safely with this new atherectomy catheter. Additional balloon angioplasty was necessary in only a few cases.

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