scholarly journals Sex selection of sperm in farm animals: status report and developmental prospects

Reproduction ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 149 (3) ◽  
pp. X1 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Rath ◽  
S Barcikowski ◽  
S de Graaf ◽  
W Garrels ◽  
R Grossfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Selection ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Status Report ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Sex selection of sperm in farm animals: status report and developmental prospects

Reproduction ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 145 (1) ◽  
pp. R15-R30 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Rath ◽  
S Barcikowski ◽  
S de Graaf ◽  
W Garrels ◽  
R Grossfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Sex Selection ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Status Report ◽  
Sorting Efficiency ◽  
Biological Solutions ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Made In

Pre-selection of spermatozoa based on the relative DNA difference between X- and Y-chromosome bearing populations by flow cytometry is an established method that has been introduced into commercial cattle production. Although several important improvements have increased the sort efficiency, the fertilising ability of sexed spermatozoa based on offspring per insemination is still behind farmers' expectations. The main stress factors, especially on mitochondria, that reduce the lifespan of spermatozoa are described, and new technical as well as biological solutions to maintain the natural sperm integrity and to increase the sorting efficiency are discussed. Among these methods are the identification of Y-chromosome bearing spermatozoa by bi-functionalised gold nanoparticles and triplex hybridisationin vivoas well as new laser-controlled deflection system that replaces the deflection of spermatozoa in the electrostatic field. Additionally, as well as a new nonsurgical transfer system of spermatozoa into the oviduct of cows has been developed and allows a significant reduction of spermatozoa per transfer. Altogether, the improvements made in the recent years will allow a broader use of sex-sorted spermatozoa even in those species that require more cells than cows and sheep.

Sex-selection of human spermatozoa: evolution of current techniques and applications

1998 ◽  
Vol 261 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Scott Sills ◽  
Irena Kirman ◽  
S. S. Thatcher III ◽  
Gianpiero D. Palermo
Keyword(s):  
Sex Selection ◽  
Human Spermatozoa ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Development of polyvalent toxoid Clostridium perfringens against anaerobic enterotoxaemia in young cattle and small ruminants

2021 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 04009
Author(s):  
F.Kh. Pulotov ◽  
O.D. Nazarova ◽  
N.A. Akhmadov ◽  
A.I. Karimzoda
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Drug Preparation ◽  
Type D ◽  
Industrial Strains ◽  
Type C ◽  
Young Cattle ◽  
C 30 ◽  
Selection Of

The authors of the article presents the results of the development of a polyvalent toxoid from C.perfringens strains against anaerobic enterotoxaemia of young cattle and small ruminants and an assessment of its effectiveness. It is presented the data on the selection of the recipe composition of the nutrient medium, the cultivation of industrial strains, the process of drug preparation, the selection of the optimal ratio of components and the method of controlling the effectiveness. Sequential cultivation of industrial strains of C.perfringens was carried out by cultivating them in flasks, bottles and bioreactors in the nutrient medium developed by the authors, consisting of: 12.0 g/l - liver extract; 25.0 g/l - casein-peptone; 3.2g/l –K2HPO4; 1.8 g/l – KH2PO4; 0.5 g/l – MgSO4. The development of the drug included the selection of optimal and balanced ratios of C. perfringens type A toxoids - 15 IU/ml, C.perfringens type B - 20 IU/ml, C.perfringens type C - 30 IU/ml, C. perfringens type D - 30 IU/ml, which ensured 100% protection of the immunized animals. Studies on laboratory and farm animals revealed the harmlessness, areactogenicity of the drug, which stimulated the development of immunity and resistance to the toxic effects of all strains of C.perfringens.

The analysis of chromatin organisation allows selection of mouse antral oocytes competent for development to blastocyst

Zygote ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Zuccotti ◽  
Rubén H. Ponce ◽  
Michele Boiani ◽  
Stefano Guizzardi ◽  
Paolo Govoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Chromatin Organisation ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Gamete Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Mouse antral oocytes can be classified in two different types termed SN or NSN oocytes, depending on the presence or absence, respectively, of a ring of Hoechst 33342-positive chromatin surrounding the nucleolus. The aim of the present study was to test the developmental competence to blastocyst of the two types of oocytes. Here we show that following isolation, classification and culture of cumulus-free antral oocytes, 14.7% and 74.5% of NSN and SN oocytes, respectively, reached the metaphase II stage. When fertilised and further cultured none of the metaphase II NSN oocytes developed beyond the 2-cell stage whilst 47.4% of the metaphase II SN oocytes reached the 4-cell stage and 18.4% developed to blastocyst. The findings reported in this paper may contribute to improved procedures of female gamete selection for in vitro fertilisation of humans and farm animals. Furthermore, the selection of oocytes with better developmental potential may be of interest for studies on nuclear/cytoplasm interaction, particularly in nuclear-transfer experiments.

Second-trimester abortions and sex-selection of children in Hanoi, Vietnam

2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danièle Bélanger ◽  
Khuat Thi Hai Oanh
Keyword(s):  
Sex Selection ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Selection Of

DSRIG: Incorporating graphical structure in the regularized modeling of SNP data

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 1950017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Stephenson ◽  
Gerarda A. Darlington ◽  
Flavio S. Schenkel ◽  
E. James Squires ◽  
R. Ayesha Ali
Keyword(s):  
Cross Validation ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Boar Taint ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Candidate Snps ◽  
Snp Data ◽  
Validation Procedure ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Graphical Structure ◽  
Selection Of

Genetic selection of farm animals plays an important role in genetic improvement programs. Regularized regression methods on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data from a set of candidate genes can help to identify genes that are associated with the trait of interest. This complex task must also consider the relative effect sizes on the desired trait and account for the relationships among the candidate SNPs so that selection of a SNP does not promote other undesirable traits through breeding. We present the Doubly Sparse Regression Incorporating Graphical structure (DSRIG), a novel regularized method for genetic selection that exploits the relationships among candidate SNPs to improve prediction. DSRIG was applied in the prediction of skatole and androstenone levels, two compounds known to be associated with boar taint. DSRIG was shown to provide a predictive benefit when compared to ordinary least squares (OLS) and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) in a cross-validation procedure. The relative sizes of the coefficient estimates over the cross-validation procedure were compared to determine which SNPs may have the greatest impact on expression of the boar taint compounds and a consensus graph was used to infer the relationships among SNPs.

scholarly journals Status Report of the Work on the FK5

1986 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 69-72
Author(s):  
H. Schwan
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental System ◽  
Status Report ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Observational Material ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractA survey is given on the tasks to be performed in the process of improving a fundamental system. Completed tasks are the derivation of corrections to the values for general precession and the determination of the FK4 equinox and equator. The selection of new fundamental stars and the improvement of the systematic and individual accuracy of the FK4 is in progress. A description of the observational material and of new methods of analysis is given. Preliminary results are reported.

Sex Selection of Children.

1984 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 369
Author(s):  
Anne R. Pebley ◽  
Neil G. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Sex Selection ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Nutritive Value of Major Browse Species in East Dembia District, Central Gondar, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muluye Fekade ◽  
Merga Bayissa ◽  
Ajebu Nurfeta
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Transect Line ◽  
Livestock Feed ◽  
Browse Species ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Selection Of

Background: Regardless of having ample number of farm animals, its contribution to GDP is limited due to insufficient year round livestock feed supply in terms of quantity and quality, particularly during the dry season. This study was conducted to assess the most commonly used browse species as livestock feed particularly during dry period and to determine their nutritive value from four kebeles of East Dembiya district. Methods: Stratified random sampling was used for the selection of respondents. A total of 12 plots of 20m *20m (400m2) were established at an interval of 200m along the transect line to identify and record the available browse species. The leaves and petioles of A. abyssinica, C. africana, F. thonigii, F. sycomorus, V. amygdolina, M. arbutifolia and A. seyal were collected for chemical analysis. General linear model procedure of SAS was used for statistical analysis.Result: The mean CP content of the browse species ranged from 12.13% (F. sycomorus) to 29.74% (V. amygdolina). The IVDMD varied from 38.5% for M. arbutifolia to 71.67% for F. sycomorus. High gas production from immediately soluble component (a) was recorded for C. africana. The gas production from insoluble but potential degradable fraction (b), production potential (a+b) and organic matter digestibility were higher for F. thounigii but low for V. amygdolina. The browse species in the current study could be used as protein supplements to livestock fed on low quality feeds due to their high levels of crude protein, low fiber contents and high digestibility potentials.

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