scholarly journals The state-of-play and future of platinum drugs

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. R219-R233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G Apps ◽  
Eugene H Y Choi ◽  
Nial J Wheate
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
50Th Anniversary ◽  
Platinum Drugs ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Preclinical Development ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Enhanced Permeability And Retention ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Proteins And Peptides

The year 2015 marks the 50th anniversary since the discovery of the anticancer potential of cisplatin and it remains just as useful now as it did back then, especially for the treatment of some endocrine-related cancers like ovarian and testicular carcinomas. Since its discovery, five other platin drugs have received approval in various countries. While several new platin drugs are in preclinical development, in the last decade only two new platin drugs have entered clinical trials, LA-12 and dicycloplatin, reflecting a shift in research focus from new drug design to improved formulations of already approved platin drugs. These formulations include their encapsulation with macrocycles to slow and prevent their degradation by proteins and peptides; their attachment to nanoparticles to passively target solid tumours through the enhanced permeability and retention effect and their coordination to important nutrients, proteins, antibodies and aptamers for active tumour targeting. These formulation methods have all shown potential but none have yet yielded a new marketable medicine containing a platin drug. The reasons for this are problems of consistent drug loading, controlling the location and timing of drug release and the inherent toxicity of some of the drug delivery vehicles. In addition to drug delivery, functional genomics is now playing an increasing role in predicting patients' responses to platin chemotherapy and their likelihood of experiencing severe side effects.

scholarly journals Advances in Molecularly Imprinted Polymers as Drug Delivery Systems

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3589
Author(s):  
Rui Liu ◽  
Alessandro Poma
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Molecularly Imprinted Polymers ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Molecularly Imprinted ◽  
Imprinted Polymers ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
The Past ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Delivery Vehicles

Despite the tremendous efforts made in the past decades, severe side/toxic effects and poor bioavailability still represent the main challenges that hinder the clinical translation of drug molecules. This has turned the attention of investigators towards drug delivery vehicles that provide a localized and controlled drug delivery. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) as novel and versatile drug delivery vehicles have been widely studied in recent years due to the advantages of selective recognition, enhanced drug loading, sustained release, and robustness in harsh conditions. This review highlights the design and development of strategies undertaken for MIPs used as drug delivery vehicles involving different drug delivery mechanisms, such as rate-programmed, stimuli-responsive and active targeting, published during the course of the past five years.

scholarly journals Recent Advancements in Serum Albumin-Based Nanovehicles Toward Potential Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Shen ◽  
Xiyang Liu ◽  
Tingting Li ◽  
Yin Chen ◽  
Yang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Albumin Nanoparticles ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis And Therapy

Recently, drug delivery vehicles based on nanotechnology have significantly attracted the attention of researchers in the field of nanomedicine since they can achieve ideal drug release and biodistribution. Among the various organic or inorganic materials that used to prepare drug delivery vehicles for effective cancer treatment, serum albumin-based nanovehicles have been widely developed and investigated due to their prominent superiorities, including good biocompatibility, high stability, nontoxicity, non-immunogenicity, easy preparation, and functionalization, allowing them to be promising candidates for cancer diagnosis and therapy. This article reviews the recent advances on the applications of serum albumin-based nanovehicles in cancer diagnosis and therapy. We first introduce the essential information of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human serum albumin (HSA), and discuss their drug loading strategies. We then discuss the different types of serum albumin-based nanovehicles including albumin nanoparticles, surface-functionalized albumin nanoparticles, and albumin nanocomplexes. Moreover, after briefly discussing the application of serum albumin-based nanovehicles used as the nanoprobes in cancer diagnosis, we also describe the serum albumin-based nanovehicle-assisted cancer theranostics, involving gas therapy, chemodynamic therapy (CDT), phototherapy (PTT/PDT), sonodynamic therapy (SDT), and other therapies as well as cancer imaging. Numerous studies cited in our review show that serum albumin-based nanovehicles possess a great potential in cancer diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

scholarly journals Influence of the Core Formulation on Features and Drug Delivery Ability of Carbamate-Based Nanogels

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6621
Author(s):  
Filippo Pinelli ◽  
Fabio Pizzetti ◽  
Óscar Fullana Ortolà ◽  
Alessandro Marchetti ◽  
Arianna Rossetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Pluronic F127 ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
The Core ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Novel Drug

In the last years, nanogels have emerged as one of the most promising classes of novel drug delivery vehicles since they can be employed in multiple fields, such as various therapeutics or diagnostics, and with different classes of compounds and active molecules. Their features, such as a high volume to surface ratio, excellent drug loading and release ability, as well as biocompatibility and tunable behavior, are unique, and, nowadays, great efforts are made to develop new formulations that can be employed in a wider range of applications. Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-polyethylenimine (PEI) nanogels probably represent the baseline of this class of biomaterials and they are still largely employed and studied. In any way, the possibility to exploit new core formulations for nanogels is certainly very interesting in order to understand the influence of different polymer chains on the final properties of the system. In this research, we explore and make a comparison between PEG-PEI nanogels and two other different formulations: pluronic F127-PEI nanogels and PEG-Jeffamine nanogels. We propose nanogels synthesis methods, their chemical and physical characterization, as well as their stability analysis, and we focus on the different drug delivery ability that these structures exhibit working with different typologies of drug mimetics.

Controlled Delivery of Levothyroxine Using Porous Silicon as a Drug Nanocontainer

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soheila Kashanian ◽  
Elham Rostami ◽  
Frances J. Harding ◽  
Steven J. P. McInnes ◽  
Sameer Al-Bataineh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Porous Silicon ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Controlled Delivery ◽  
Sustained Drug Release ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Zero Order Release ◽  
Delivery Vehicles

Porous silicon (pSi) materials are regarded as promising drug delivery vehicles due to their biocompatibility, in vivo degradation, and resorption. We examine pSi films as a platform for the controlled delivery of levothyroxine, as a means to overcome problems with consistent dosage of this drug by oral administration. Oxidized pSi films were modified with 3-(aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES), creating a surface chemistry that increased levothyroxine drug loading capacity by 50 % and sustained drug release under physiological conditions for 14 days. Release kinetics from APTES-functionalized films initially followed a zero-order release profile, which is highly desirable for drug delivery. The loading and release profiles of levothyroxine suggest that the film size required to deliver a therapeutic dose is feasible for further consideration as an implantable delivery system.

Dendrimers: General Aspects, Applications and Structural Exploitations as Prodrug/Drug-delivery Vehicles in Current Medicine

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 439-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merina Mariyam ◽  
Kajal Ghosal ◽  
Sabu Thomas ◽  
Nandakumar Kalarikkal ◽  
Mahima S. Latha
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
General Aspects

Novel Phospholipid-Based Labrasol Nanomicelles Loaded Flavonoids for Oral Delivery with Enhanced Penetration and Anti-Brain Tumor Efficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-245
Author(s):  
Gang Wang ◽  
Junjie Wang ◽  
Rui Guan
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Safe Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
The Brain

Background: Owing to the rich anticancer properties of flavonoids, there is a need for their incorporation into drug delivery vehicles like nanomicelles for safe delivery of the drug into the brain tumor microenvironment. Objective: This study, therefore, aimed to prepare the phospholipid-based Labrasol/Pluronic F68 modified nano micelles loaded with flavonoids (Nano-flavonoids) for the delivery of the drug to the target brain tumor. Methods: Myricetin, quercetin and fisetin were selected as the initial drugs to evaluate the biodistribution and acute toxicity of the drug delivery vehicles in rats with implanted C6 glioma tumors after oral administration, while the uptake, retention, release in human intestinal Caco-2 cells and the effect on the brain endothelial barrier were investigated in Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells (HBMECs). Results: The results demonstrated that nano-flavonoids loaded with myricetin showed more evenly distributed targeting tissues and enhanced anti-tumor efficiency in vivo without significant cytotoxicity to Caco-2 cells and alteration in the Trans Epithelial Electric Resistance (TEER). There was no pathological evidence of renal, hepatic or other organs dysfunction after the administration of nanoflavonoids, which showed no significant influence on cytotoxicity to Caco-2 cells. Conclusion: In conclusion, Labrasol/F68-NMs loaded with MYR and quercetin could enhance antiglioma effect in vitro and in vivo, which may be better tools for medical therapy, while the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nano-flavonoids may ensure optimal therapeutic benefits.

scholarly journals Biodistribution and Pharmacokinectics of Liposomes and Exosomes in a Mouse Model of Sepsis

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 427
Author(s):  
Amin Mirzaaghasi ◽  
Yunho Han ◽  
So-Hee Ahn ◽  
Chulhee Choi ◽  
Ji-Ho Park
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Hek293t Cell ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Context Analysis ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Diseased State ◽  
Sepsis And Septic Shock

Exosomes have attracted considerable attention as drug delivery vehicles because their biological properties can be utilized for selective delivery of therapeutic cargoes to disease sites. In this context, analysis of the in vivo behaviors of exosomes in a diseased state is required to maximize their therapeutic potential as drug delivery vehicles. In this study, we investigated biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of HEK293T cell-derived exosomes and PEGylated liposomes, their synthetic counterparts, into healthy and sepsis mice. We found that biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of exosomes were significantly affected by pathophysiological conditions of sepsis compared to those of liposomes. In the sepsis mice, a substantial number of exosomes were found in the lung after intravenous injection, and their prolonged blood residence was observed due to the liver dysfunction. However, liposomes did not show such sepsis-specific effects significantly. These results demonstrate that exosome-based therapeutics can be developed to manage sepsis and septic shock by virtue of their sepsis-specific in vivo behaviors.

scholarly journals A Review on Allopathic and Herbal Nanofibrous Drug Delivery Vehicles for Cancer Treatments

2021 ◽  
pp. e00663
Author(s):  
Tarun Mateti ◽  
Surabhi Aswath ◽  
Anoop Kishore Vatti ◽  
Agneya Kamath ◽  
Anindita Laha
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Delivery Vehicles

scholarly journals Exploring the utility of hybrid siloxane-phosphocholine (SiPC) liposomes as drug delivery vehicles

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 13014-13023
Author(s):  
Mark B. Frampton ◽  
Andrea Blais ◽  
Zachary Raczywolski ◽  
Alan Castle ◽  
Paul M. Zelisko
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Unilamellar Vesicles ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Delivery Vehicles

Hybrid siloxane-phosphocholines (SiPCs) are a unique class of lipids that spontaneously form unilamellar vesicles (ULVs) that are ∼100 nm in diameter upon exposure to aqueous media without the need for extrusion and can be used as delivery vehicles.

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