INSULIN RECEPTORS, INSULIN SECRETION, AND GLUCOSE DISAPPEARANCE RATE IN PATIENTS WITH PERIODIC HYPOKALAEMIC PARALYSIS

1979 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten Johnsen ◽  
Henning Beck-Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Response ◽  
Insulin Receptors ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Insulin Binding ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Disappearance ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Tests ◽  
Male Patients

ABSTRACT In a study of 6 male patients with periodic hypokalaemic paralysis (PHP), we found reduced insulin binding to monocytes as compared with a group of 25 normal subjects (P < 0.1). The decreased insulin binding was caused by the decreased binding affinity. During induction of paralysis by a prolonged oral glucose load, one patient showed 24-h variations in the insulin binding to monocytes not differing from those observed in normals. After iv administration of glucose, these patients showed an elevated initial insulin response compared with the normals (P < 0.1). However, the iv glucose tolerance tests revealed normal glucose disappearance rates. We conclude that changes in insulin receptor binding do not appear to be of pathophysiological significance for eliciting the parese attacks in PHP. However, the increased insulin response, following carbohydrate intake, might be of significance in the generation of paralytic attacks in patients with PHP.

Effects of exercise and lack of exercise on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity

1983 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 512-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Heath ◽  
J. R. Gavin ◽  
J. M. Hinderliter ◽  
J. M. Hagberg ◽  
S. A. Bloomfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Insulin Binding ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Plasma Insulin Concentration ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentrations

Physically trained individuals have a markedly blunted insulin response to a glucose load and yet have normal glucose tolerance. This phenomenon has generally been ascribed to long-term adaptations to training which correlate with maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and reduced adiposity. Our study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that residual effects of the last bouts of exercise play an important role in this phenomenon. Eight well-trained subjects stopped training for 10 days. There were no significant changes in VO2max (58.6 +/- 2.2 vs. 57.6 +/- 2.1 ml/kg), estimated percent body fat (12.5 +/- 0.7 vs. 12.5 +/- 0.8%), or body weight. The maximum rise in plasma insulin concentration in response to a 100-g oral glucose load was 100% higher after 10 days without exercise than when the subjects were exercising regularly. Despite the increased insulin levels, blood glucose concentrations were higher after 10 days without exercise. Insulin binding to monocytes also decreased with physical inactivity. One bout of exercise after 11 days without exercise returned insulin binding and the insulin and glucose responses to an oral 100-g glucose load almost to the initial “trained” value. These results support our hypothesis.

Effect of an enkephalin-analogue (FK 33-824) on glucose tolerance in man

1983 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Jeanrenaud ◽  
E. Maeder ◽  
E. Del Pozo ◽  
J. P. Felber
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Oral Test ◽  
Insulin Response To Glucose ◽  
Glucose Curve

Abstract. The purpose of the present work was to study the effect of a methionine-enkephalin analogue (FK 33-824) on glucose tolerance in man. Groups of 5 to 8 normal subjects were given a 0.5 mg im injection of the drug or placebo just before a 100 g oral glucose load or a 0.5 g/kg iv glucose load. In the enkephalin analogue treated subjects, diminished insulin response to glucose was observed following the oral glucose load, with insulin values significantly lower than in the controls from time 10 to 90 min, but no corresponding change in the glucose curve. This effect was not observed when glucose was given iv in another group of 5 subjects in whom the significant blunting of the insulin response was accompanied by a significant decrease in glucose tolerance. These observations demonstrate that in man, enkephalin produces a decrease in insulin secretion in response to both oral and iv glucose loads. The absence of any marked impairment in glucose tolerance in the oral test in spite of the decreased insulin response suggests that enkephalin might have an additional effect in delaying glucose absorption.

scholarly journals Insulin Response to Oral Glucose Load is Associated with Coronary Artery Disease in Subjects with Normal Glucose Tolerance

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuro Miyazaki ◽  
Kazunori Shimada ◽  
Yoshitaka Iwama ◽  
Atsumi Kume ◽  
Katsuhiko Sumiyoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Artery Disease

Relationship between insulin response to oral glucose load and creatinine clearance

Diabetes ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 1066-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Yasuda ◽  
T. Sato ◽  
T. Furuyama ◽  
K. Yashinaga
Keyword(s):  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Load

Four methods for glucose assay compared for various glucose concentrations and under different clinical conditions.

1982 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 2405-2407 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Giampietro ◽  
A Pilo ◽  
G Buzzigoli ◽  
C Boni ◽  
R Navalesi
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Glucose Assay ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Tests ◽  
Uremic Patients ◽  
Reducing Substances ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Abstract Glucose was measured by the ferricyanide, the Beckman glucose oxidase, and the hexokinase procedures in 228 plasma samples taken during standard oral glucose-tolerance tests in 17 normal subjects and in 21 chemical diabetics. The neocuproine method was also used to measure glucose concentration in 156 samples (78 before and 78 after dialysis) collected from six diabetic and uremic patients who were on maintenance hemodialysis. Ferricyanide in all conditions and neocuproine in uremic patients overestimated glucose concentrations over the entire experimental range as compared with either enzymic method. This bias or systematic error of the reducing vs the enzymic procedures, due to nonglucose reducing substances ("saccharoids"), becomes considerably greater when their concentration is increased as in chronic uremia. Also, the inverse relation between glucose concentration and overestimation of glucose by the reducing methods has been detected. With respect to the hexokinase method, a mild but significant underestimate of glucose oxidase readings has been observed for higher glucose concentrations. We find neocuproine to be the most imprecise of these procedures.

Enhanced Insulin Response to Oral Glucose Load in Patients with Angina Pectoris Associated with ST Segment Elevation in the Absence of Epicardial Coronary Arterial Obstruction

Angiology ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 815-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeo Takata ◽  
Atsuhiro Shimakura ◽  
Satoru Sakagami ◽  
Yukio Nakamura ◽  
Hitoshi Ohkuwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
St Segment

scholarly journals 4-Hydroxyisoleucine: experimental evidence of its insulinotropic and antidiabetic properties

1999 ◽  
Vol 277 (4) ◽  
pp. E617-E623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Broca ◽  
René Gross ◽  
Pierre Petit ◽  
Yves Sauvaire ◽  
Michèle Manteghetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Tests ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetic ◽  
Single Intravenous Administration

We have recently shown in vitro that 4-hydroxyisoleucine (4-OH-Ile), an amino acid extracted from fenugreek seeds, potentiates insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner. The present study was designed to investigate whether 4-OH-Ile could exert in vivo insulinotropic and antidiabetic properties. For this purpose, intravenous or oral glucose tolerance tests (IVGTTs and OGTTs, respectively) were performed not only in normal animals but also in a type II diabetes rat model. During IVGTT in normal rats or OGTT in normal dogs, 4-OH-Ile (18 mg/kg) improved glucose tolerance. The lactonic form of 4-OH-Ile was ineffective in normal rats. In non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDD) rats, a single intravenous administration of 4-OH-Ile (50 mg/kg) partially restored glucose-induced insulin response without affecting glucose tolerance; a 6-day subchronic administration of 4-OH-Ile (50 mg/kg, daily) reduced basal hyperglycemia, decreased basal insulinemia, and slightly, but significantly, improved glucose tolerance. In vitro, 4-OH-Ile (200 μM) potentiated glucose (16.7 mM)-induced insulin release from NIDD rat-isolated islets. So, the antidiabetic effects of 4-OH-Ile on NIDD rats result, at least in part, from a direct pancreatic B cell stimulation.

Response of insulin receptors to oral glucose in normal subjects

1980 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldo Bertoli ◽  
R. De Pirro ◽  
A. V. Greco ◽  
A. Fusco ◽  
L. Spallone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Receptors ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Oral Glucose

Forearm insulin uptake in healthy subjects after oral glucose and intravenous glipizide

1981 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Nygren ◽  
Lars Erik Lindblad ◽  
Lars Sundblad
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Insulin Receptors ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Insulin Binding ◽  
Insulin Concentration ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Insulin Uptake ◽  
Arterial Insulin

Abstract. In six healthy subjects fasted overnight two different experiments were carried out on separate days and in random order: A. Oral glucose followed 60 min later by iv glipizide. B. Iv glipizide followed 60 min later by oral glucose. Each experiment was divided into two 60 min periods, and the fractionated insulin uptake by forearm tissue was calculated for each 60 min period. When the fractional insulin uptake values for these four 60 min periods were compared it was found that the uptake of insulin was significantly higher for the 60 min period that was obtained in response to glucose without glipizide pre-treatment, than it was for any of the other 60 min periods. Moreover, in some of the participants the venous insulin concentration occasionally exceeded the corresponding arterial insulin concentration after iv glipizide administration. These findings imply that glipizide may decrease insulin binding to peripheral insulin receptors in healthy individuals.

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