Response of insulin receptors to oral glucose in normal subjects

1980 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldo Bertoli ◽  
R. De Pirro ◽  
A. V. Greco ◽  
A. Fusco ◽  
L. Spallone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Receptors ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Oral Glucose

INSULIN RECEPTORS, INSULIN SECRETION, AND GLUCOSE DISAPPEARANCE RATE IN PATIENTS WITH PERIODIC HYPOKALAEMIC PARALYSIS

1979 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten Johnsen ◽  
Henning Beck-Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Response ◽  
Insulin Receptors ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Insulin Binding ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Disappearance ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Tests ◽  
Male Patients

ABSTRACT In a study of 6 male patients with periodic hypokalaemic paralysis (PHP), we found reduced insulin binding to monocytes as compared with a group of 25 normal subjects (P < 0.1). The decreased insulin binding was caused by the decreased binding affinity. During induction of paralysis by a prolonged oral glucose load, one patient showed 24-h variations in the insulin binding to monocytes not differing from those observed in normals. After iv administration of glucose, these patients showed an elevated initial insulin response compared with the normals (P < 0.1). However, the iv glucose tolerance tests revealed normal glucose disappearance rates. We conclude that changes in insulin receptor binding do not appear to be of pathophysiological significance for eliciting the parese attacks in PHP. However, the increased insulin response, following carbohydrate intake, might be of significance in the generation of paralytic attacks in patients with PHP.

Four methods for glucose assay compared for various glucose concentrations and under different clinical conditions.

1982 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 2405-2407 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Giampietro ◽  
A Pilo ◽  
G Buzzigoli ◽  
C Boni ◽  
R Navalesi
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Glucose Assay ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Tests ◽  
Uremic Patients ◽  
Reducing Substances ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Abstract Glucose was measured by the ferricyanide, the Beckman glucose oxidase, and the hexokinase procedures in 228 plasma samples taken during standard oral glucose-tolerance tests in 17 normal subjects and in 21 chemical diabetics. The neocuproine method was also used to measure glucose concentration in 156 samples (78 before and 78 after dialysis) collected from six diabetic and uremic patients who were on maintenance hemodialysis. Ferricyanide in all conditions and neocuproine in uremic patients overestimated glucose concentrations over the entire experimental range as compared with either enzymic method. This bias or systematic error of the reducing vs the enzymic procedures, due to nonglucose reducing substances ("saccharoids"), becomes considerably greater when their concentration is increased as in chronic uremia. Also, the inverse relation between glucose concentration and overestimation of glucose by the reducing methods has been detected. With respect to the hexokinase method, a mild but significant underestimate of glucose oxidase readings has been observed for higher glucose concentrations. We find neocuproine to be the most imprecise of these procedures.

Response of plasma somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI) to a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test in normal subjects and patients with impaired glucose tolerance

1983 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuyasu Itoh ◽  
Yoshifumi Hirooka ◽  
Noriyuki Nihei
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Somatostatin 14

Abstract. To study the role of somatostatin in the pathophysiology of glucose intolerance in man, plasma somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI) was measured in 8 normal subjects, 6 patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 13 with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and 9 with hyperthyroidism, by extraction of plasma SLI and radioimmunoassay. The extraction method gave a recovery rate for synthetic somatostatin-14 and somatostatin-28 of 72 ± 6 and 55 ± 7%, respectively. No SLI corresponding to somatostatin-28 in human peripheral blood was observed. Incubation of somatostatin-28 in plasma gave a rapid decrease of immunoreactivity, and no conversion to somatostatin-14 was observed. It is speculated that SLI extracted with acid-acetone mainly represents a molecular weight similar to somatostatin-14. After oral administration of glucose (75 g), a clear and sustained rise in plasma SLI was seen in normal subjects from an initial value (± sem) of 29.9 ± 5.4 pg/ml to a peak value, at 60 min of 93.4 ± 15.5 pg/ml. The increase of plasma SLI after 75 g glucose was also observed in IDDM and NIDDM. The peak level of SLI was significantly less than that for normal subjects. The extraction of plasma SLI with acetic acid and acetone gave reproducible results and showed a fluctuation of SLI with glucose concentration.

Forearm insulin uptake in healthy subjects after oral glucose and intravenous glipizide

1981 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Nygren ◽  
Lars Erik Lindblad ◽  
Lars Sundblad
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Insulin Receptors ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Insulin Binding ◽  
Insulin Concentration ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Insulin Uptake ◽  
Arterial Insulin

Abstract. In six healthy subjects fasted overnight two different experiments were carried out on separate days and in random order: A. Oral glucose followed 60 min later by iv glipizide. B. Iv glipizide followed 60 min later by oral glucose. Each experiment was divided into two 60 min periods, and the fractionated insulin uptake by forearm tissue was calculated for each 60 min period. When the fractional insulin uptake values for these four 60 min periods were compared it was found that the uptake of insulin was significantly higher for the 60 min period that was obtained in response to glucose without glipizide pre-treatment, than it was for any of the other 60 min periods. Moreover, in some of the participants the venous insulin concentration occasionally exceeded the corresponding arterial insulin concentration after iv glipizide administration. These findings imply that glipizide may decrease insulin binding to peripheral insulin receptors in healthy individuals.

Effect of an enkephalin-analogue (FK 33-824) on glucose tolerance in man

1983 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Jeanrenaud ◽  
E. Maeder ◽  
E. Del Pozo ◽  
J. P. Felber
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Oral Test ◽  
Insulin Response To Glucose ◽  
Glucose Curve

Abstract. The purpose of the present work was to study the effect of a methionine-enkephalin analogue (FK 33-824) on glucose tolerance in man. Groups of 5 to 8 normal subjects were given a 0.5 mg im injection of the drug or placebo just before a 100 g oral glucose load or a 0.5 g/kg iv glucose load. In the enkephalin analogue treated subjects, diminished insulin response to glucose was observed following the oral glucose load, with insulin values significantly lower than in the controls from time 10 to 90 min, but no corresponding change in the glucose curve. This effect was not observed when glucose was given iv in another group of 5 subjects in whom the significant blunting of the insulin response was accompanied by a significant decrease in glucose tolerance. These observations demonstrate that in man, enkephalin produces a decrease in insulin secretion in response to both oral and iv glucose loads. The absence of any marked impairment in glucose tolerance in the oral test in spite of the decreased insulin response suggests that enkephalin might have an additional effect in delaying glucose absorption.

scholarly journals Hot Temperature OGTT Induces Higher Insulin and GLP-1 Response Than Cold OGTT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Hu ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Bo Ding ◽  
Xin Cao ◽  
Yi Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Abstract Food temperature may be important in diabetes. Newly diagnosed treatment-naïve type 2 diabetes patients (T2DM, 22) and normal controls (19) were randomly assigned to either hot (50°C) or cold (8˚C) oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) on day 1, and OGTT at the other temperature on the next day. Measurements were made on venous blood obtained at 0, 5, 10, 30, 60, and 120 min. Compared to cold OGTT, blood glucose was significantly higher with hot OGTT in both groups. However, insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels were significantly higher in hot OGTT in normal subjects only. The glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and cortisol responses did not differ with temperature in both groups. After the OGTT, subjects took corresponding, either hot (> 42˚C) or cool (room temperature) meals and water, that entire day, followed by identical food at the other temperature the next day. Continuous glucose monitoring showed that normal subjects had significantly higher 24-hour mean glucose (MBG), and standard deviation of MBG with hot meals, T2DM patients had higher MBG only. Our study showed that blood glucose, insulin, and GLP-1 responses to different food temperatures may be deficient in newly diagnosed T2DM.

Effect of dietary composition on insulin receptors in normal subjects

1979 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
J P Wigand ◽  
J H Anderson ◽  
S S Jennings ◽  
W G Blackard
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Receptors ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Dietary Composition
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