SERUM TESTOSTERONE AS AN INDEX OF GONADOTROPHIN SECRETION IN ACROMEGALY AND PITUITARY DISEASE

1970 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Rosenfield ◽  
Ira D. Goldfine ◽  
A. M. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Cell ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Substitution Therapy ◽  
Normal Response ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Pituitary Disease ◽  
Gonadotrophin Secretion ◽  
Lh Secretion ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

ABSTRACT Laboratory evidence for hypogonadism has been sought in 33 patients with acromegaly and pituitary disease. Low serum testosterone was found in 7 of the 15 males with acromegaly and 4 of 4 with chromophobe adenomas. Clomiphene administration caused no rise in testosterone in the acromegalic tested; a normal response to HCG, however, was determined in another. Disparity between testosterone levels and sperm count in three subjects suggests that dissociation of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion from interstitial cell stimulating hormone (LH) secretion may occur in association with hypothalamic-pituitary disease. This study indicates that gonadotrophic insufficiency is a commonly associated feature of acromegaly in the male. Testosterone levels were depressed in four of the five females with hypoadrenalism and/or hypogonadism secondary to pituitary disease who were not on oestrogen substitution therapy.

FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE (FSH) AND INTERSTITIAL CELL STIMULATING HORMONE (ICSH) IN RELATION TO GAMETIC OUTPUT IN 643 MALES

1973 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berndt Kjessler ◽  
Leif Wide
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Cell ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Male Partners ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Gonadotrophin Secretion ◽  
Sperm Counts ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Observation Period ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

ABSTRACT The relation between gonadotrophin secretion and average gametic output has been investigated in 643 healthy male partners of barren couples. FSH and ICSH excretion in urine were determined by means of bioassay and radioimmunoassay respectively, and FSH in serum was determined by radioimmunoassay. The mean sperm counts were calculated for each patient from serial seminal analyses over a 12 week observation period. The subjects were grouped according to their average gametic output and statistically significant differences were found between all mean excretion values for FSH, and for all but one pair of ICSH mean excretion values, when groups of patients with decreasing gametic output were compared. Individual assay results were, however, widely spread within each subgroup with extensive overlapping between the groups. A general trend towards an increase in FSH as well as of ICSH secretion with decreasing gametic output was found. Thus, the mean excretion of FSH was found to be increased by 2.7 times, and the mean excretion of ICSH by 1.7 times, when azoospermic males were compared with males with a mean sperm count of 20 mill, per ml or more. There was no evidence of accumulation of males with low or absent gonadotrophin secretion in any subgroup, and this may indicate that only few, if any, of the ordinary healthy male partners in the present couples suffered from a primary pituitary failure to secrete FSH or ICSH. About 50 per cent of the males with increased FSH secretion and low or absent gametic output may have a selective spermatogenic failure, while the remainders are likely to suffer from a more general gonadal deficiency, since they also have a concomitant rise in ICSH.

The role of oestrogens on gonadotrophin secretion in the testicular feminization syndrome1

1980 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Medina ◽  
Alfredo Ulloa-Aguirre ◽  
Maria A. Fernández ◽  
Gregorio Pérez-palacios
Keyword(s):  
Clomiphene Citrate ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Testicular Feminization ◽  
Normal Response ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
Gonadotrophin Secretion ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Complete Form ◽  
Lh Secretion

Abstract. The role of oestrogens on gonadotrophin secretion was assessed in three related patients with the complete form of testicular feminization syndrome. Serum LH and FSH levels were measured before and after I.RH stimulation as well as before, during and after chronic clomiphene citrate administration. Moderately elevated LH basal levels with a significant LH rise following I.RH were observed. Normal or even low FSH level with poor response to LRH were found in all subjects. Administration of clomiphene citrate resulted in a significant serum LH increase without any change of FSH. Following castration both LH and FSH rose and a normal response to LRH was observed. These results were interpreted as demonstrating that, while endogenous oestrogens modulate LH secretion in patients with androgen unresponsiveness, it plays no role in regulating FSH secretion and suggested that a factor of testicular origin without androgenic or oestrogenic activity is responsible for FSH regulation.

Substitution therapy of hypogonadal men with transdermal testosterone over one year

1988 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Bals-Pratsch ◽  
Klaus Langer ◽  
Virgil A. Place ◽  
Eberhard Nieschlag
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Treatment Phase ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Male Hypogonadism ◽  
Substitution Therapy ◽  
Entire Treatment Period ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Physiological Range ◽  
Testosterone Substitution

Abstract. Current testosterone substitution therapy either by injectable or oral testosterone esters suffers from markedly fluctuating serum testosterone levels often far above or below the physiological range. Recently, a transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) for the delivery of testosterone was developed which, when applied to the scrotum, provides smooth serum testosterone levels. Here we report results from seven hypogonadal men treated with the TTS for 14 months by applying a new patch every day. In all patients serum testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) determined 3–5 h after applying a new patch increased significantly and remained within the physiological range during the entire treatment period. The DHT/testosterone ratio remained constant. In 4 of these patients and 2 others under TTS treatment serum testosterone and DHT were also determined over a 24-h period at regular intervals. In these patients serum testosterone levels in the physiological range were seen during the entire observation period, whereas an increase in the DHT/testosterone ratio occurred towards the end of the one-day treatment phase. All patients in the 14-month treatment study were clinically well substituted and responded with good compliance. Clinical chemistry showed no abnormalities during treatment. Thus, the TTS appears to be an effective and safe new modality for the treatment of male hypogonadism.

Influence of anti-oestrogens on gonadotrophin secretion in control and ACTH-infused immature rats

1984 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Mann ◽  
Michael S. Blank ◽  
R. Sridaran ◽  
V. Daniel Castracane ◽  
Charles Eldridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Constant Infusion ◽  
Simultaneous Treatment ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
Gonadotrophin Secretion ◽  
Immature Rats ◽  
Lh Secretion

Abstract. The objective of this study was to determine whether anti-oestrogens (nafoxidine, MER-25) would block the suppressive effects of ACTH on gonadotrophin secretion in immature rats. Female rats were castrated at 25–26 days of age, and an Alzet osmotic minipump containing ACTH (1–24) or saline was implanted in each animal. ACTH was administered at a rate of 1 IU/day by constant infusion. Beginning on the day of surgery, animals were injected daily for 5 days with 0.25, 5 or 25 μg/100 g body weight of nafoxidine or 5 mg MER-25 and sacrificed on the sixth day following castration. ACTH lowered serum LH concentrations and increased pituitary LH levels. Serum androstenedione concentrations were more than two times greater in ACTH-infused than in control rats, but serum oestrone levels were not affected. Serum testosterone and oestradiol concentrations in ACTH-infused rats remained below levels of detection. Administration of 0.25 μg of nafoxidine prevented the suppressive effects of ACTH on serum LH. Serum levels of LH in these animals were comparable to saline-treated controls (418 ± 94 vs 443 ± 73 ng/ml). The two higher doses of nafoxidine and MER-25 were ineffective in suppressing the actions of ACTH on serum LH. MER-25 reduced serum LH values in both controls and ACTH-infused rats. Serum FSH concentrations were not altered by ACTH or nafoxidine treatment. MER-25 elevated pituitary FSH concentrations in both control and ACTH-infused rats. These data suggest that the inhibitory effect of ACTH on LH secretion in immature rats is mediated by an oestrogenic steroid, since this action can be blocked by simultaneous treatment with a low dose of the anti-oestrogen, nafoxidine.

EVALUATING THE EFFECT OF IMPROVING SPERM PRODUCTION OF VIETNAMESE DEER ANTLER ON EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS// Academy Journal No.10(12), 2018. pp. 8-27

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liudmila Vyacheslavovna Fomina ◽  
Duy Bac Nguyen ◽  
Xuan Phong Pham ◽  
Hoang Ngan Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Sperm Production ◽  
Deer Antler ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Testicular Histology

The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of improving sperm production with the use of Vietnamese deer antler velvet powder on a white rat, whose sperm count was decreased by valproic acid. The findings showed that using deer antler velvet powder at doses of 127.5 mg/kg/24 hrs, 255 mg/kg/24 hrs and 510 mg/kg/24 hrs for 6 weeks on the male rat having a low sperm count recovered the research parameters (serum testosterone levels, sperm quantity and quality, reproductive organs and testicular histology).

scholarly journals The role of obesity in male fertility

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meltem Mermer ◽  
Yasemin Akdevelioğlu
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Sperm Morphology ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
Testosterone Levels

Obesity causes many health problems as well as having negative effects on fertility. There is a multifaceted relationship between obesity and male infertility. Male fertility is associated with sperm concentration, motility and morphology. Testosterone (total and free) and gonadotropin levels were low and estrogen levels were found to be high in obese men. The decrease in androgen levels varies based on the degree of obesity. High body mass index is inversely related to total sperm count, sperm concentration, sperm morphology and number of motile sperm. Leptin and ghrelin are hormones that influence body weight regulation and eating behaviors. Serum leptin level, which is high in obese infertile men, showed a significant positive correlation with abnormal sperm morphology, serum FSH, LH, prolactin level and showed a significant negative correlation with sperm concentration, sperm motility and serum testosterone level. Further research is needed on the effects of ghrelin levels on male infertility. The relationship between obesity and erectile dysfunction can be explained by decreased testosterone levels and elevation of some proinflammatory cytokine levels. Decreased physical activity due to obesity, long-term sitting increases testicular temperature and affects sperm production negatively. There is a multifaceted relationship between obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes and serum testosterone and SHBG. Diet and exercise showed improvement in testosterone levels and sperm concentration due to decreased body weight. However, studies on this subject are extremely limited. The possible effects of weight loss on successful infertility treatment of obese men should not be ignored.

Reversible inhibition of sperm production and gonadotrophin secretion in men following combined oral medroxyprogesterone acetate and percutaneous testosterone treatment

1983 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Claude Soufir ◽  
Pierre Jouannet ◽  
Jocelyne Marson ◽  
Arlette Soumah
Keyword(s):  
Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Gonadotrophin Secretion ◽  
Metabolic Side Effect ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Lh Secretion

Abstract. Six men requesting male contraception received a daily oral dose of 20 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in combination with 50 or 100 mg percutaneous testosterone for 1 year. From the third month the sperm concentration was < 106/ml for all the men at one time or another during treatment, and usually < 5 × 106/ml, with an average reduction of 95% with respect to pre-treatment values. The sperm count returned to previous values 3–6 months after cessation of the treatment. While FSH and LH secretion was inhibited throughout the treatment period, plasma testosterone levels were not reduced. Oestradiol levels were unaffected while dihydrotestosterone was elevated. The secretory activity of the prostate and seminal vesicles was not appreciably affected; seminal carnitine concentration was reduced during the treatment with a subsequent return to pretreatment values. No pregnancies occurred during treatment. There was no impairment of libido in the subjects, nor any incidence of gynaecomastia, or increase in average body weight. The only observed metabolic side-effect was a moderate increase in glycaemia. A synergistic action of MPA and testosterone is proposed to explain the inhibition of gonadotrophin secretion.

scholarly journals The effects of Commiphora mukul extract on spermatogenesis and testosterone levels in male diabetic rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Ali Akbar Rezaei ◽  
Iraj Salehi ◽  
Seyed Asaad Karimi ◽  
Mehdi Rahnama
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Count ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Epididymal Sperm ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Commiphora Mukul ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Objective: The strong antioxidant activity of <i>Commiphora mukul</i> prompted us to conduct the present study to explore whether treatment with <i>C. mukul</i> extract (CME) would have any protective influence on sperm parameters, testosterone levels, and plasma glucose levels in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, control animals treated with CME, diabetic animals, and diabetic animals treated with CME. CME extract (300 mg/kg) was administered for 60 days by daily gavage. Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg STZ. The epididymal sperm count, weight, motility, morphology, viability, and serum testosterone and glucose levels were determined.Results: In the diabetic animals, CME decreased blood glucose levels (<i>p</i><0.05), increased the total sperm count (<i>p</i><0.05), and decreased the proportion of sperm with abnormal morphology (<i>p</i><0.05). Diabetes reduced sperm motility (<i>p</i><0.001), and CME supplementation partially reversed this effect of diabetes (<i>p</i>=0.003). Furthermore, in diabetic animals, CME decreased the proportion of immotile sperm (<i>p</i><0.001). In rats, diabetes caused a significant decrease (<i>p</i><0.05) in serum testosterone levels (F[3, 28]=3.283, <i>p</i>=0.035), but treatment of diabetic animals with CME increased serum testosterone levels.Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that C. mukul possesses proandrogenic activity and exerts a beneficial effect on sperm parameters in diabetic rats.

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