CONJUGATION OF ANDROSTERONE IN YOUNG AND OLD SUBJECTS

1964 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Large Dose ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Older Subjects

ABSTRACT In view of the decrease in excretion of total and individual 17-keto-steroids which occurs in elderly subjects, a comparison was made of the ability of the conjugating systems of young and old subjects to metabolize a moderately large dose of androsterone. Poor recoveries of administered androsterone, excreted into the urine, were observed in many of the older subjects and the change observed in the distribution of 17-ketosteroids between glucuronide and sulphate fractions seems to be related to level of steroid recovered in the urine rather than to age of the subjects.

Processing of center-embedded and right-branching relative clause sentences by normal elderly individuals

1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shari R. Baum
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Lexical Decision Task ◽  
Relative Clause ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Repetition Task

ABSTRACTTwo experiments were conducted to explore processing of relative clause structures by normal elderly adults. Four groups of subjects (aged 20–29 years, 60–69 years, 70–79 years, and 80–89 years) participated in a lexical decision task and a sentence repetition task. Results of the lexical decision task revealed longer reaction times and somewhat different patterns of performance for the older subjects as compared to the young subjects; on the repetition task, the oldest subjects performed more poorly overall. Findings are suggestive of a reduction in computational capacity in the elderly subjects, which may account for observed decrements in syntactic processing as compared to young adults.

scholarly journals Aging does not affect the intralimb coordination elicited by slip-like perturbation of different intensities

2017 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 1739-1748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Aprigliano ◽  
Dario Martelli ◽  
Peppino Tropea ◽  
Guido Pasquini ◽  
Silvestro Micera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Coordination Strategy ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Control Schemes ◽  
Intralimb Coordination ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
Spatio Temporal

This study was aimed at verifying whether aging modifies intralimb coordination strategy during corrective responses elicited by unexpected slip-like perturbations delivered during steady walking on a treadmill. To this end, 10 young and 10 elderly subjects were asked to manage unexpected slippages of different intensities. We analyzed the planar covariation law of the lower limb segments, using the principal component analysis, to verify whether elevation angles of older subjects covaried along a plan before and after the perturbation. Results showed that segments related to the perturbed limbs of both younger and older people do not covary after all perturbations. Conversely, the planar covariation law of the unperturbed limb was systematically held for younger and older subjects. These results occurred despite differences in spatio-temporal and kinematic parameters being observed among groups and perturbation intensities. Overall, our analysis revealed that aging does not affect intralimb coordination during corrective responses induced by slip-like perturbation, suggesting that both younger and older subjects adopt this control strategy while managing sudden and unexpected postural transitions of increasing intensities. Accordingly, results corroborate the hypothesis that balance control emerges from a governing set of biomechanical invariants, that is, suitable control schemes (e.g., planar covariation law) shared across voluntary and corrective motor behaviors, and across different sensory contexts due to different perturbation intensities, in both younger and older subjects. In this respect, our findings provide further support to investigate the effects of specific task training programs to counteract the risk of fall. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study was aimed at investigating how aging affects the intralimb coordination of lower limb segments, described by the planar covariation law, during unexpected slip-like perturbations of increasing intensity. Results revealed that neither the aging nor the perturbation intensity affects this coordination strategy. Accordingly, we proposed that the balance control emerges from an invariant set of control schemes shared across different sensory motor contexts and despite age-related neuromuscular adaptations.

scholarly journals Carnitine Serum Levels in Frail Older Subjects

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3887
Author(s):  
Giulia Malaguarnera ◽  
Vito Emanuele Catania ◽  
Claudia Bonfiglio ◽  
Gaetano Bertino ◽  
Enzo Vicari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frail Elderly ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Free Carnitine ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
Urine Concentrations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Older Subjects

Frailty is an expression that reconciles and condenses loss of autonomy, both physical and cognitive decline and a wide spectrum of adverse outcomes due to aging. The decrease in physical and cognitive activity is associated with altered mitochondrial function, and energy loss and consequently morbidity and mortality. In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated the carnitine levels in frailty status. The mean serum concentrations of total carnitine (TC) were lower in frail elderly subjects than in prefrail ones (p = 0.0006), higher in frail vs. robust subjects (p < 0.0001), and higher in prefrail vs. robust subjects (p < 0.0001). The mean serum concentrations of free carnitine (FC) were lower in frail elderly subjects than in prefrail ones (p < 0.0001), lower in frail vs. robust subjects (p < 0.0001) and lower in prefrail vs. robust subjects (p = 0.0009). The mean serum concentrations of acylcarnitine (AC) were higher in frail elderly subjects than in prefrail ones (p = 0.054) and were higher in pre-frail vs. robust subjects (p = 0.0022). The mean urine concentrations of TC were lower in frail elderly subjects than in prefrail ones (p < 0.05) and lower in frail vs. robust subjects (p < 0.0001). The mean urine concentrations of free carnitine were lower in frail elderly vs. robust subjects (p < 0.05). The mean urine concentrations of acyl carnitines were lower in frail elderly subjects than those in both prefrail (p < 0.0001) and robust subjects (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: high levels of carnitine may have a favorable effect on the functional status and may treat the frailty status in older subjects.

scholarly journals AB0938 PARTICULARITIES OF INFECTIOUS SPONDYLODISCITIS IN THE ELDERLY: COMPARATIVE STUDY WITH THE YOUNG SUBJECT

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1768.2-1768
Author(s):  
L. Ben Ammar ◽  
A. Ben Tekaya ◽  
M. Ben Hammamia ◽  
O. Saidane ◽  
S. Bouden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Infectious Spondylodiscitis ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
Young Subjects

Background:The incidence of infectious spondylodiscitis is steadily increasing. The prognosis depends on various parameters, including age.Objectives:To explore the differences in presentation and the results of further investigations and the prognosis of spondylodiscitis between young and elderly subjects.Methods:This is a retrospective study of 113 patients admitted to our department over a period of 20 years [1998-2018]. The epidemiological, clinical, biological, radiological and progressive aspects of spondylodiscitis in subjects over the age of 65 were compared to cases of spondylodiscitis in young subjects whose age is less than 65 years.Results:Of the 113 identified patients, 33 (29.2%) were classified as older, with male predominance in both groups (56.2 and 51.5% respectively; p=0.6). The presence of risk factors, particularly diabetes, was more frequent in the older subjects but without a statistically significant difference (p=0.2). Hepathopathies were also more frequent in the elderly but without statistically significant difference (p=0.3). The mean duration of progression was 3 months with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (4 and 5 months respectively, p=0.1).The presence of neurological symptoms, especially radiculalgia, was more frequently reported in younger subjects (p=0.01). Also, young subjects were more likely to have a fever (p=0.005). On the other hand, a biological inflammatory syndrome was more frequently encountered in older subjects (p=0.03).We found no statistically significant difference in the location of spondylodiscitis (p=0.4). Also, multifocal involvement was more frequent in older subjects but without a statistically significant difference.Radiologically, para-vertebral abscesses, epiduritis and spinal cord compression were more common in the elderly group (p=0.03; p=0.01 and p=0.01, respectively). While the frequency of intervertebral pinching and erosions was similar in both groups (p=0.1; p=0.8, respectively).Tuberculosis was the most involved germ in more than 50% of cases with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (57.5 and 51.5% respectively; p=0.5).All patients received targeted antibiotic therapy.The occurrence of immediate complications was more frequent in the elderly but without a statistically significant difference (p=0.1). They included neurological complications (spinal cord compression and Cauda equina syndrome) that occurred in 6.3% of cases in younger subjects versus 36.4% of cases in the elderly (p=0.07). Followed by treatment side effects dominated by disturbance of liver function due mainly to antituberculosis drugs occurring in 16.3% of cases in the younger group and 15.2% of cases in older subjects (p=0.8). Finally, there were 2 deaths in each group (p=0.5).Conclusion:Our series has shown that the picture of spondylodiscitis in the elderly is less noisy. However, the neurological damage is more pronounced on imaging. The misleading symptomatology in the elderly explains the delay in diagnosis and treatment, which leads to more frequent complications and excess mortality.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Association between BMI, Blood Pressure, and Age: Study among Tangkhul Naga Tribal Males of Northeast India

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. K. Mungreiphy ◽  
Satwanti Kapoor ◽  
Rashmi Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socioeconomic Environment ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Older Subjects

Purpose. To find the prevalence of overweight/obesity and hypertension, and to study the association between BMI, blood pressure, and age. Methods. Cross-sectional study was carried out among 257 Tangkhul Naga males of Northeast India, age ranging from 20–70 years. The subjects were divided into five different age groups to study age trend. Results. Mean systolic, and diastolic BP was higher among subjects with elevated BMI and among older subjects. Minimum BP was found among underweight and maximum among obese. BP was found lowest among the youngest age group and higher among the elderly subjects. BMI was also found to be associated with age independently. Although the magnitude of correlation differed, there was significant positive correlation among BMI, age, systolic and diastolic BP. Odd ratios showed overweight/obese subjects to be more likely to have hypertension than those with normal BMI. Changing socioeconomic environment intensifies the prevalence of overweight/obesity and hypertension among the Tangkhul Nagas.

The prevalence of unexplained chronic pain complaints in apparently healthy elderly subjects

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 991-991
Author(s):  
S. Danoiu ◽  
M.E. Calarasu ◽  
R.I. Rosca ◽  
M. Danoiu ◽  
R. Danciulescu Miulescu
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
National Council ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sedentary Life ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
Healthy Elderly Subjects

IntroductionStudies regarding chronic pain have demonstrated that there is a high prevalence of this condition in 65 years of age and older population.Our study objectives was to assess the prevalence of chronic pain in a sample of older subjects without known or diagnosticated pathology, and without analgesic routine use. It was a preliminary step in assessing the effects of aerobic exercise on this condition (as part of a research project supported by The National Council of the Higher Education’s Scientific Research - CNCSIS).MethodsA complete anamnesis and routine laboratory was performed for each subject. Subjective tools (Faces Scale and the Visual Analog Scale) was used for assessment of pain, and two self-report measures of anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Visual Analogue Scale) was used for assessment of anxiety.ResultsOf 136 subjects enrolled (Av. Age 64 ± 4) 39 subjects (28.67%) presented chronic pain. In bivariate analyses pain was associated with anxiety, negative life events, loneliness, sedentary life.DiscussionDespite the apparent health of the subjects involved in this study the prevalence of unexplained chronic pain complaints was high. It seems necessary to explore more this condition in general practice in older to highlight any specific cases, in order to reach diagnoses and to select the treatment or, considering the subjective nature of this entity and the associated features of aging in absence of any identifiable pathology, to select an appropriate intervention to improve the quality of life for this people.

scholarly journals Is 20 Hz Whole-Body Vibration Training Better for Older Individuals than 40 Hz?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11942
Author(s):  
Shiuan-Yu Tseng ◽  
Chung-Po Ko ◽  
Chin-Yen Tseng ◽  
Wei-Ching Huang ◽  
Chung-Liang Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
40 Hz

In recent years, whole-body vibration (WBV) training has been used as a training method in health promotion. This study attempted to use WBV at three different frequencies (20, 30, and 40 Hz) with subjects from different age groups to analyze the activation of the rectus femoris muscle. The subjects included 47 females and 51 males with an average age of 45.1 ± 15.2 years. Results indicated significant differences in subjects from different age groups at 20 Hz WBV. Muscle contraction was greater in the subjects who were older (F(4,93) = 82.448, p < 0.001). However, at 30 Hz WBV, the difference was not significant (F(4,93) = 2.373, p = 0.058). At 40 Hz WBV, muscle contraction was less in the older subjects than in the younger subjects (F(4,93) = 18.025, p < 0.001). The spectrum analysis also indicated that at 40 Hz there was less muscle activity during WBV in the older subjects than in the younger ones. Therefore, age was found to have a significant effect on muscle activation during WBV at different frequencies. If the training is offered to elderly subjects, their neuromuscular responses to 20 Hz WBV will be more suitable than to 40 Hz WBV.

Changes in Esophageal and Lower Esophageal Sphincter Motility with Healthy Aging

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura K. Besanko ◽  
Carly M. Burgstad ◽  
Charles Cock ◽  
Richard Heddle ◽  
Alison Fraser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Esophageal Sphincter ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
High Resolution Manometry ◽  
Baseline Recording ◽  
Swallowing Difficulties ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
Esophageal Sphincter ◽  
Integrated Relaxation Pressure

Background & Aims: Swallowing difficulties become increasingly prevalent in older age. Differences exist in lower esophageal sphincter (LES) function between older and younger patients with dysphagia, but the contribution of aging per se to these is unclear.Methods: Esophageal motor function was measured using high resolution manometry in older (aged 81±1.7 yrs) and younger (23±1.7 yrs) asymptomatic healthy adults. After baseline recording, motility was assessed by swallowing boluses of liquid (right lateral and upright postures) and solids. Basal LES pressure, integrated relaxation pressure, distal esophageal peristaltic amplitude and velocity were measured. Data are presented as mean ą SEM.Results: Despite a trend for lower basal LES pressure (15.7±2.9 mmHg vs. 21.0±0.2mmHg; P=0.08),completeness of LES relaxation was reduced in older subjects (liquid RL: P=0.003; UR: P=0.007; solid: P=0.03), with higher integrated relaxation pressure when upright (liquid: 6.9±1.1 vs. 3.1±0.4 mmHg; P=0.01; solids: 8.1±1.1 vs. 3.6±0.3 mmHg; P=0.001) and a longer time to recovery after liquid boluses (right lateral: P=0.01; upright: P=0.04). In young, but not older adults, esophageal peristaltic velocity was increased when upright (3.6±0.2 cm/sec; P=0.04) and reduced with solids (3.0±0.1 cm/sec; P=0.03). Distal contraction amplitude was higher with solids in the young (51.8±7.9 mmHg) but not older (41.4±6.2 mmHg; P=0.03) individuals. In elderly subjects, the distal contractile integral was higher with liquid swallows in the upright posture (P=0.006).Conclusion: There are subtle changes in LES function even in asymptomatic older individuals. These agerelated changes may contribute to the development of dysphagia.

Hyperproinsulinaemia in elderly subjects: evidence for age-related pancreatic β-cell dysfunction

2000 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Gama ◽  
N Medina-Layachi ◽  
L Ranganath ◽  
S Hampton ◽  
L Morgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Older Subjects

SUMMARY. We investigated whether pancreatic pathogenesis of glucose intolerance in the elderly by comparing plasma glucose, immunoreactive insulin, C-peptide and proinsulin concentrations during a 100-g oral glucose load in six healthy older male volunteers [aged 69 (65·9-74·9) years; median (95% confidence limits)] and seven young male controls [aged 24·0 (21·9-26·3) years]. Fasting and integrated concentrations of glucose and C-peptide were similar in the elderly and young. Although fasting, insulin and proinsulin levels were similar, integrated insulin ( P=0·05) and proinsulin ( P< 0·05) concentrations were higher in the elderly than in controls. Insulin resistance, measured as homeostasis model assessment, was greater ( P< 0·05) in the elderly than in controls. Elderly men had greater molar ratios of integrated insulin:C-peptide ( P< 0·05) and proinsulin:Cpeptide ( P< 0·01) but their respective fasting molar ratios were similar when compared with controls. Pancreatic β-cell secretion in older subjects, as assessed by C-peptide concentrations, was inappropriately low in the presence of insulin resistance. Their post-prandial 'hyperinsulinaemia' is probably due to a combination of hyperproinsulinaemia and reduced metabolic clearance of insulin. Older subjects had disproportionately high proinsulin to C-peptide levels, suggesting pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. These results are consistent with the notion that decreased insulin sensitivity and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction may predispose the elderly to glucose intolerance.

Effect of aging on estimates of hypercapnic ventilatory response during sleep

1989 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1956-1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. Naifeh ◽  
J. W. Severinghaus ◽  
J. Kamiya ◽  
M. Krafft
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Slow Wave Sleep ◽  
Ventilatory Response ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Co2 Sensitivity ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
Respiratory Disturbance ◽  
Reduction Of Co2 ◽  
Healthy Elderly Subjects

By recording only inspired PCO2 (PICO2) in a hood and transcutaneous PCO2 (PsCO2) the Hazinski method was used to estimate nonintrusively the slope (Sr) per Torr PsCO2 of the fractional ventilatory response to approximately 18 and 30 Torr PICO2 in 17 healthy elderly subjects (10 women) and 17 younger controls (9 women) during wakefulness, slow-wave sleep (SWS), and rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep. Eight of the older subjects had sleep disturbance indexes (RDI) greater than 5. Sr fell with SWS from 0.90 +/- 0.34 to 0.60 +/- 0.29 (P less than 0.006) in the younger group (n = 16) but in the older subjects was 0.60 +/- 0.27 awake and 0.58 +/- 0.34 (NS) asleep (n = 15). The changes from awake to REM in subsets of 9 younger and 10 older subjects who successfully completed REM tests were from 0.95 +/- 0.32 to 0.70 +/- 0.38 (P less than 0.03) and 0.53 +/- 0.31 to 0.57 +/- 0.25 (NS), respectively. We conclude that the increased incidence of respiratory disturbance during sleep in these older subjects cannot be attributed to greater sleep-induced reduction of CO2 sensitivity.

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