SOME OBSERVATIONS ON PREGNANEDIOL EXCRETION DURING THE NORMAL MENSTRUAL CYCLE

1957 ◽  
Vol 24 (3_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S207
Author(s):  
A. Klopper
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
New Method ◽  
Menstrual Bleeding ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
New View

Abstract The changes in view on the significance and amount of urinary pregnanediol in the menstrual cycle are reviewed; in particular the effects of the discovery that the adrenals in both sexes normally contribute to the urinary pregnanediol. Pregnanediol excretion during the menstrual cycle was studied by means of a new method of assay (Klopper et al., 1955) and the results applied to present day concepts of the growth and duration of the corpus luteum. The relationship between pregnanediol excretion and ovulation or the onset of menstrual bleeding was studied. A new view is put forward on the influence of age and parity on the production of progesterone by the corpus luteum.

EXCRETION OF FOLLICLE-STIMULATING AND LUTEINIZING HORMONE DURING LACTATION

1968 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Menstrual Bleeding ◽  
Unknown Mechanism ◽  
Nursing Mother ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pooled Samples

ABSTRACT The excretion of follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormone (FSH, LH) during lactation in women was studied by biological methods in individual and pooled samples of urine. During the first and second postpartum weeks, the FSH activity was low and the LH activity quite high, probably due to contamination with remaining chorionic gonadotrophin. Thereafter the FSH and LH values and the relationship between these hormones did not differ from those found during the normal menstrual cycle. Moreover, an increase in the LH excretion was observed in one nursing mother, though ovulation and menstrual bleeding did not follow. It was concluded, that anovulation and amenorrhoea during lactation might be due to ovarian refractoriness by an unknown mechanism, rather than to gonadotrophic dysfunction.

Normal and Abnormal Menstruation

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet E. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Precise Integration ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Primary And Secondary Amenorrhea ◽  
Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
The Relationship

Normal reproductive function requires precise integration of hormonal events involving the hypothalamus, the pituitary, and the ovary, with the uterus, vagina, and breast acting as key end organs for ovarian steroid effects. This chapter discusses the physiology of the reproductive system in women; the assessment of reproductive function; and the epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of primary and secondary amenorrhea, abnormal vaginal bleeding—including menorrhagia, menometrorrhagia, and hypomenorrhea—and dysmenorrhea. Figures illustrate the relationship between the hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovaries in reproductive function and normal menstrual cycle function; an algorithm depicts the evaluation of amenorrhea. Tables list the relative frequency of the causes of amenorrhea and the neuroanatomic causes of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. This chapter has 42 references.

Normal and Abnormal Menstruation

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet E. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Precise Integration ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Primary And Secondary Amenorrhea ◽  
Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
The Relationship

Normal reproductive function requires precise integration of hormonal events involving the hypothalamus, the pituitary, and the ovary, with the uterus, vagina, and breast acting as key end organs for ovarian steroid effects. This chapter discusses the physiology of the reproductive system in women; the assessment of reproductive function; and the epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of primary and secondary amenorrhea, abnormal vaginal bleeding—including menorrhagia, menometrorrhagia, and hypomenorrhea—and dysmenorrhea. Figures illustrate the relationship between the hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovaries in reproductive function and normal menstrual cycle function; an algorithm depicts the evaluation of amenorrhea. Tables list the relative frequency of the causes of amenorrhea and the neuroanatomic causes of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. This chapter has 42 references.

STUDIES ON THE PATTERN OF CIRCULATING STEROIDS IN THE NORMAL MENSTRUAL CYCLE

1976 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Guerrero ◽  
T. Aso ◽  
P. F. Brenner ◽  
Z. Cekan ◽  
B.-M. Landgren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
The Other ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Proliferative Phase ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Menstruating Women ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT In an attempt to analyze the multiple changes and interactions in circulating steroid levels in the peri-ovulatory and peri-menstrual periods, the plasma levels of immunoreactive luteinizing hormone (LH), progesterone and unconjugated pregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone, testosterone, oestradiol and oestrone were assayed daily during a complete cycle in 17 normally menstruating women. In 14 of the 17 subjects studied androstenedione and unconjugated dihydrotestosterone were also estimated. The day of the LH-peak and the first day of menstruation, respectively, were used to synchronize the peri-ovulatory and peri-menstrual plasma levels of the various steroids. With the exception of dehydroepiandrosterone and dihydrotestosterone, the plasma levels of all steroids exhibited significant, but different changes during the cycle. Testosterone levels showed a slight but significant increase around the LH-peak, whereas the levels of pregnenolone and androstenedione were higher in the post-ovulatory than in the pre-ovulatory periods. The levels of oestradiol and oestrone, as well as the ratios of oestradiol to oestrone gradually increased from the low values observed in the early proliferative phase to pre-ovulatory peak values. The relationship between peaks of oestradiol and oestrone and that of LH exhibited great individual variation. The same was true for the individual oestradiol to oestrone ratios. The combination of several steroidal signals did not improve the predictive value of the analyses. However, an increase of individual progesterone values by at least 0.35 ng/ml from the day preceding the LH-peak to the day of the LH-peak was observed in 13 of the 17 subjects. It is suggested that for the early detection of the LH surge and prediction of the subsequent ovulation daily assays of plasma progesterone are of more value than the assay of the other steroids investigated.

Abnormal Menstrual Bleeding: Oligomenorrhea

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yelena Dondik ◽  
Kelly Pagidas
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Menstrual Bleeding ◽  
Menstrual Dysfunction ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Müllerian Agenesis ◽  
The Common ◽  
Diagnostic Work ◽  
Reproductive Aged Women ◽  
Work Up

A normal menstrual cycle is the end result of a sequence of purposeful and coordinated events that require an intact hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian, uterine, and genital outflow tract axis. Any derailment along this compartmental axis can lead to an abnormal menstrual cycle. Infrequent menstrual bleeding, oligomenorrhea, or absent menstrual bleeding, amenorrhea, are common complaints in reproductive-aged women. Amenorrhea, or the absence of menses, is defined as primary if no prior menses have occurred and secondary if cessation of prior menses occurs. A thorough understanding of the spectrum of etiologies that can affect each of these compartments will allow the clinician to systematically evaluate a patient with oligomenorrhea and to identify the source of the menstrual dysfunction. In this chapter, we review the definitions and classifications of oligomenorrhea and amenorrhea as well as the common causes, diagnostic work-up, and management considerations involved. This review contains 5 figures, 4 tables, and 19 references. Key Words: amenorrhea, eating disorders, gonadal dysgenesis, hyperprolactinemia, hypogonadal, hypothyroidism, intrauterine adhesions, müllerian agenesis, primary ovarian insufficiency, Turner syndrome 

scholarly journals TO FIND OUT THE VARIATION OF SYMPATHETIC & PARASYMPATHETIC TESTS BETWEEN MALE & MENSTRUAL PHASE OF MENSTRUAL CYCLE IN FEMALE.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Hitesh Kumar Solanki ◽  
Dr. Omnath P Yadav ◽  
Dr. Anita J Gojiya
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Menstrual Phase ◽  
Regulatory Systems ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Hormonal Fluctuations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Parasympathetic Function ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sympathetic Discharge ◽  
Healthy Females

The hormonal fluctuations that occur during normal menstrual cycle has profound influence on autonomic functions. This influence on autonomic nervous system may affect cardiovagal control. The aim of the study is to find out the variation of Parasympathetic function tests during different phases of menstrual cycle in young healthy females. The mean E:I ratio in Menstrual Phase of menstrual cycle in females is 1.34 ± 0.06. The mean E:I ratio in males is 1.41 ± 0.12. The mean Postural SBP in Menstrual Phase of menstrual cycle in females is 97.76 ± 5.13 mmHg. The mean Postural SBP in males is 103.24 ± 6.88 mmHg. The study concludes that there was statistically significant heart rate variability during three phases of the menstrual cycle, as observed by the increased sympathetic discharge in the luteal phase compared to the increased parasympathetic discharge in the follicular phase. The results of our study have emphasized the complexity of the relationship between ovarian steroids and various hemodynamic regulatory systems. Keywords: Sympathetic, Parasympathetic & Menstrual.

scholarly journals The Corpus Luteum: Determinants of Progesterone Secretion in the Normal Menstrual Cycle

1988 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 616-618
Author(s):  
MICHAEL R. SOULES ◽  
DONALD K. CLIFTON ◽  
ROBERT A. STEINER ◽  
NANCY L. COHEN ◽  
WILLIAM J. BREMNER
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle

PROGESTERONE IN THE HUMAN PERIPHERAL BLOOD IN THE PREOVULATORY PERIOD OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE

1967 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benno Runnebaum ◽  
Josef Zander
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Graafian Follicle ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

ABSTRACT Progesterone was determined and identified in human peripheral blood during the preovulatory period of the menstrual cycle, by combined isotope derivative and recrystallization analysis. The mean concentration of progesterone in 1.095 ml of plasma obtained 9 days before ovulation was 0.084 μg/100 ml. However, the mean concentration of progesterone in 1.122 ml of plasma obtained 4 days before ovulation was 0.279 μg/100 ml. These data demonstrate a source of progesterone secretion other than the corpus luteum. The higher plasma-progesterone concentration 4 days before ovulation may indicate progesterone secretion of the ripening Graafian follicle of the ovary.

Hormone levels in the normal menstrual cycle

Reproduction ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Newton ◽  
D Joyce ◽  
B Pearce ◽  
C Revell ◽  
J Tyler
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle
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