New Design and Use of a Fish Metabolism Chamber

2009 ◽  
pp. 436-436-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
EJ Schmidt ◽  
RA Kimerle
Keyword(s):  
Metabolism Chamber

Measurement of total energy and material balance in rats by means of doubly labeled water

1960 ◽  
Vol 199 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Lee ◽  
Nathan Lifson
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Water Output ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Metabolism Chamber

A test has been carried out in rats of the possibility of measuring with the aid of doubly labeled water (D2O18) the following components of the material balance of an animal: output of CO2 and water; intake of oxygen, food and water. The items of information used for the measurement were a) isotopic analyses of initial and final blood samples, b) composition of the diet with respect to percentage protein, carbohydrate and fat, c) initial and final body weight, d) final percentage body water. Initial percentage body water obtained from a by the volume of dilution principle could substitute for d. CO2 and water output were estimated isotopically; O2 consumption, from the CO2 output and dietary R. Q.; food intake, from CO2 output and dietary composition; water intake, from the difference between water output and dietary metabolic water. A rough correction for storage of materials was made from the change in body weight. The average difference between observed values for each of the above components of the material balance and values calculated by the isotope procedure was less than 10%. The fact that dry air was supplied to the animal in the metabolism chamber used to obtain the observed values probably favored better agreement between calculated and observed values for water intake and output than would prevail in ordinary moist air.

INTERRELATIONS OF DAILY METABOLIC CYCLE, ACTIVITY, AND ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE OF MICE

1950 ◽  
Vol 28d (6) ◽  
pp. 293-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Large Energy ◽  
Daily Cycle ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Metabolism Chamber ◽  
Metabolic Cycle

The daily metabolic cycle of fully fed, adult white mice, at temperatures from − 8 °C. to 37 °C., averaged 48 ml. of oxygen per mouse per hour between the highest nocturnal and lowest diurnal values, but this value was significantly greater at the higher temperatures. Over the same temperature range, forced activity of mice in a rotating metabolism chamber, up to approximately one-half the maximum running speeds studied, resulted in direct superimposition of work metabolism upon that of rest, with a constant metabolic increment at all temperatures. At the maximum running speeds the metabolism produced by the work decreased with decreasing temperature, with some gain in efficiency. The daily metabolic cycle fell within the activity range in which a given degree of work produced the same increment in oxygen consumption at all temperatures. These studies lead to the hypothesis that, in mice, some of the metabolic components of the daily cycle are additive over the biokinetic range. This results in a very large energy expenditure at low temperatures.

A metabolism chamber for measuring oxygen consumption in the laboratory rat and mouse

1980 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1185-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vernon J. Perez ◽  
John C. Eatwell ◽  
T. Samorajski
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Laboratory Rat ◽  
Metabolism Chamber

Effects of handling, decapitation, anesthesia, and surgery on plasma noradrenaline levels in the white rat

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florent Depocas ◽  
W. A. Behrens
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Halothane Anesthesia ◽  
Semisynthetic Diet ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Purina Laboratory ◽  
Metabolism Chamber ◽  
Recovery From Anesthesia ◽  
Tissue Trauma ◽  
Noradrenaline Levels

To determine the normal resting level of plasma noradrenaline (NA) in unanesthetized and undisturbed white rats, 20 warm-acclimated rats previously fed a semisynthetic diet were implanted with an intraaortic cannula and allowed to recover for a period of 5 days. They were then placed in a closed metabolism chamber after fitting an extension to the cannula which allowed blood sampling in animals which were unrestricted and unaware of the procedure. The average NA concentration in the plasma was 0.15 ± 0.01 ng/ml as measured by a radioenzymatic method based on formation of [methyl-3H]adrenaline. Levels of noradrenaline in nanograms per millilitre measured in groups of four to five rats after various treatments were as follows: manipulation, 0.63 ± 0.18; decapitation, 1.32 ± 0.25; 5 min after 3% halothane, 0.23 ± 0.01; decapitation under halothane, 0.40 ± 0.03. In five rats fed Purina laboratory chow at room temperature, values were 0.11 ± 0.02 ng/ml and concentration invariably increased after manipulation and after decapitation. The elevated plasma NA concentration in rats cannulated under halothane anesthesia dropped to normal levels in less than 1 h after recovery from anesthesia, thus indicating that tissue trauma associated with cannula implantation does not have a long-lasting effect on plasma NA levels. These results show that special precautions must be taken to ensure minimal sympathetic activity when resting plasma NA levels are to be measured and that data on the effect of various treatments on peripheral levels of NA based on use of anesthetized, manipulated, or decapitated rats are of doubtful significance as use of these procedures result in abnormally high levels of NA in the control animals used for comparison.

scholarly journals Differential oxidation of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in vivo in the rat

1987 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Leyton ◽  
P. J. Drury ◽  
M. A. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lauric Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Oxidation Rates ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Metabolism Chamber ◽  
Arachidonic Acids

1. The oxidation rates of lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, α-linolenic, linoleic, γ-linolenic, dihomo- γ-linolenic and arachidonic acids were studied by use of a radioisotope tracer technique in weanling rats at rest in a metabolism chamber over 24 h.2. Of the saturated fatty acids, lauric acid (12:O) was the most efficient energy substrate: the longer the chain length of the saturated fatty acids, the slower the rate of oxidation.3. Oleic acid (18:1) was oxidized at a remarkably fast rate, similar to that of lauric acid.4. Of the ω6 essential fatty acids studied, linoleic acid (18:2ω6) was oxidized at a faster rate than any of its metabolites, with arachidonic acid (20:4ω6) being oxidized at the slowest rate.5. The rate of oxidation of γ-linolenic acid (18:3ω3) was almost as fast as that of lauric and oleic acids.

scholarly journals Orally administered [14C]DPA and [14C]DHA are metabolised differently to [14C]EPA in rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunveen Kaur ◽  
Juan C. Molero ◽  
Harrison S. Weisinger ◽  
Andrew J. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Studies ◽  
Chain Pufa ◽  
Tissue Lipids ◽  
Metabolism Chamber ◽  
Pufa Group ◽  
Cholesterol Fraction

Previous studies have revealed that C20 PUFA are significantly less oxidised to CO2 in whole-body studies compared with SFA, MUFA and C18 PUFA. The present study determined the extent to which three long-chain PUFA, namely 20 : 5n-3 EPA, 22 : 5n-3 docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and 22 : 6n-3 DHA, were catabolised to CO2 or, conversely, incorporated into tissue lipids. Rats were administered a single oral dose of 2·5 μCi [1-14C]DPA, [1-14C]EPA, [1-14C]DHA or [1-14C]oleic acid (18 : 1n-9; OA), and were placed in a metabolism chamber for 6 h where exhaled 14CO2 was trapped and counted for radioactivity. Rats were euthanised after 24 h and tissues were removed for analysis of radioactivity in tissue lipids. The results showed that DPA and DHA were catabolised to CO2 significantly less compared with EPA and OA (P< 0·05). The phospholipid (PL) fraction was the most labelled for all three n-3 PUFA compared with OA in all tissues, and there was no difference between C20 and C22 n-3 PUFA in the proportion of label in the PL fraction. The DHA and DPA groups showed significantly more label than the EPA group in both skeletal muscle and heart. In the brain and heart tissue, there was significantly less label in the cholesterol fraction from the C22 n-3 PUFA group compared with the C20 n-3 PUFA group. The higher incorporation of DHA and DPA into the heart and skeletal muscle, compared with EPA, suggests that these C22 n-3 PUFA might play an important role in these tissues.

The influence of huddling and body size on the metabolic rate of the young pig

1960 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. Mount
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Respiratory Metabolism ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Metabolism Chamber

1. The oxygen consumption of young pigs from 1 to 37 days of age has been measured in a closed circuit respiratory metabolism chamber, over the environmental temperature range 4–37° C.2. The values obtained for single pigs alone in the chamber have been compared with the results of measurements on groups of pigs 3–6 days of age taken together.3. It has been found that as environmental temperature falls below 30° C. and the grouped pigs huddle together, oxygen consumption per kg. for the group becomes smaller than values for single pigs of the same individual weight, and corresponds more with results from the larger single pig.4. Rectal temperature is maintained in pigs of the group at a lower energy cost than that required for the single pig, the saving in energy expenditure becoming proportionately greater as ambient temperature falls.5. These results are discussed in relation to body size and skin temperature.

A Method Based on the Roller Chamber Technique for Determination of CO2 Production in Cultured Cells: Effects of Acrylamide in Neuroblastoma N1E115 Cultures

1991 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-203
Author(s):  
Elisabet Nyberg ◽  
Gun Ekblad-Sekund ◽  
Erik Walum
Keyword(s):  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Neuroblastoma Cell ◽  
Neuroblastoma Cell Line ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Mouse Neuroblastoma ◽  
Dependent Cell ◽  
Metabolism Chamber ◽  
Slight Inhibition

The effects of acrylamide on CO2 production from [14C]-labelled glucose, pyruvate and glutamine have been studied in a mouse neuroblastoma cell line C1300, clone N1E115. A rotation metabolism chamber, permitting closed incubation of monolayer, anchorage-dependent cell cultures under good physiological conditions, was developed for making the determinations. The cells were exposed to acrylamide (0.35mM) for 14 days. The total amunt of CO2 produced from glucose and pyruvate was increased by exposure to acrylamide, whereas a slight inhibition was found in the production from glutamine. The production of lactate remained unchanged. Comparison of these results with other data obtained in our laboratory leads us to conclude that the method described is relevant for the determination of energy metabolic processes through the quantification of CO2 production. Furthermore, we assume that acrylamide causes an increased demand for energy in the cells and that this demand is met by the cells through the increased oxidative phosphorylation of glucose.

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