scholarly journals InP nanowires quality control using SEM and Raman spectroscopy

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 851-855
Author(s):  
K. Grodecki ◽  
E. Dumiszewska ◽  
M. Romaniec ◽  
W. Strupinski
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Crystal Quality ◽  
Full Width ◽  
Half Maximum ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Si Doped ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThree different types of samples of InP nanowires, i.e. undoped, doped with Si and doped with Te, were grown and measured using SEM and Raman spectroscopy. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images showed differences in the length, homogeneity and curvature of the nanowires. The most homogenous wires, grown most perpendicular to the surface, were those Si doped. They were also the shortest. Raman spectroscopy showed that the nanowires doped with Si had the lowest Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) TO band, which suggests the highest crystal quality of these wires. For the wires doped with Te, which were the most inhomogeneous, a low energy acoustic band was also observed, which suggests the lowest crystal quality of these structures.

The Effect of Modified Crucible Design and Seed Attachment on SiC Crystal Grown by PVT

2013 ◽  
Vol 740-742 ◽  
pp. 77-80
Author(s):  
Jung Young Jung ◽  
Sang Il Lee ◽  
Mi Seon Park ◽  
Doe Hyung Lee ◽  
Hee Tae Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Crystal Quality ◽  
Full Width ◽  
Half Maximum ◽  
Radial Temperature Gradient ◽  
Radial Temperature ◽  
Better Than

The present research was focused to investigate the effect of internal crucible design that influenced the 4H-SiC crystal growth onto a 6H-SiC seed by PVT method. The crucible design was modified to produce a uniform radial temperature gradient in the growth cell. The seed attachment was also modified with a use of polycrystalline SiC plate. The crystal quality of 4H-SiC single crystals grown in modified crucible and grown with modified seed attachment was revealed to be better than that of crystal grown in conventional crucible. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) values of grown SiC crystals in the conventional crucible, the modified seed attachment and the modified crucible were 285 arcsec, 134 arcsec and 128 arcsec, respectively. The micropipe density (MPD) of grown SiC crystals in the conventional crucible, the modified seed attachment and the modified crucible were 101ea/cm^2, 81ea/cm^2 and 42ea/cm^2, respectively.

Treatment on Coconut Shell to Improve its Quality for Use as Coarse Aggregate

2021 ◽  
Vol 1030 ◽  
pp. 94-102
Author(s):  
T. Thilagashanthi ◽  
K. Gunasekaran ◽  
K.S. Satyanarayanan
Keyword(s):  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Ferrous Sulphate ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Imagej Software ◽  
Scanning Electron

To improve the quality of coconut shell (CS) to use as coarse aggregate different treatment methods are given to CS. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and ferrous sulphate (FS) were used as materials for treating the CS. Ten different types of treatments were considered from raw CS to treat with PVA and FS. Significant reduction of water absorbing quality on CS was found from the different types of treatment given. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images were also taken and analyzed. SEM images obtained are exported into the software called ImageJ and analyzed in two different ways: one way is using 8 bits and other way is called RGB. An extract from the ImageJ software is given to support the results of treated CS aggregates. If the CS aggregates are treated, then no doubt that the water absorbing capacity of CS can be reduced.

INFLUENCE OF THE LATTICE MISMATCH ON THE PHOTOLUMINESCENCE BAND-TAIL PARAMETER IN InGaAsP/InP HETEROSTRUCTURES

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (17n19) ◽  
pp. 708-711
Author(s):  
A. IRIBARREN
Keyword(s):  
Linear Dependence ◽  
Lattice Mismatch ◽  
Semiconductor Heterostructures ◽  
Full Width ◽  
Half Maximum ◽  
Photoluminescence Spectra ◽  
Band Tail ◽  
Photoluminescence Band ◽  
Grown Layer

The compositional inhomogeneities in semiconductor heterostructures leads to diminishing the quality of the grown layer which reflects in the shape of the rocking curves, where the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the peaks is larger. Consequently, the quality of the layers characterized by an increase of the disorder also reflects in the band-tail parameter ( E 0) of the photoluminescence spectra. A linear dependence of the FWHM with the lattice mismatch (Δa) was found. The dependence of E 0 as a function of FWHM are presented. It was found that E 0 keep constant up to Δ a / a ≅ 0.15% and FWHM ≅ 50" from where it begins to increase.

Effects of Sputtering Pressure on (ZnO)x(InN)1-x Crystal Film Growth at 450°C

2018 ◽  
Vol 941 ◽  
pp. 2093-2098
Author(s):  
Naho Itagaki ◽  
Kazuto Takeuchi ◽  
Nanoka Miyahara ◽  
Kouki Imoto ◽  
Hyun Woong Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Film Growth ◽  
Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Full Width ◽  
Half Maximum ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Crystal Film ◽  
Crystal Films ◽  
Sputtering Pressure

We studied effects of sputtering pressure on growth of (ZnO)x(InN)1-xcrystal films deposited at 450°C by rf magnetron sputtering. Epitaxial growth of (ZnO)x(InN)1-xfilms was realized on single-crystalline ZnO template. X-ray diffraction measurements show that full width at half maximum of the rocking curves from the (101) plane of the films reaches minimum value of 0.11º at 0.5 Pa. The sputtering gas pressure is a key tuning knob for controlling the crystal quality of ZION films.

Variation in the lattice parameter and crystal quality of commercially available Si-doped GaAs substrates

1997 ◽  
Vol 178 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.C. Bassignana ◽  
D.A. Macquistan ◽  
G.C. Hillier ◽  
R. Streater ◽  
D. Beckett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Crystal Quality ◽  
Gaas Substrates ◽  
Si Doped

scholarly journals Not just scratching the surface: distinct radular motion patterns in Mollusca

Biology Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. bio055699
Author(s):  
Carolin Scheel ◽  
Stanislav N. Gorb ◽  
Matthias Glaubrecht ◽  
Wencke Krings
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Correct Position ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Motion Patterns ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
Representative Species ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Functional Tooth ◽  
Movement Type ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACTThe radula is the organ for mechanical food processing and an important autapomorphy of Mollusca. Its chitinous membrane, embedding small radular teeth, is moved by the set of muscles resulting in an interaction with the ingesta, tearing it and collecting loosened particles. Radulae and their teeth can be quite distinct in their morphology and had been of high research interest, but only a few studies have examined the basic functional principles of this organ, the movement and motion during feeding action. Here, the radular motion of 20 representative species, belonging to four major gastropod lineages (Vetigastropoda, Neritimorpha, Caenogastropoda and Heterobranchia) and Polyplacophora, were recorded and classified. Comparisons of the video footage with the scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the radula resulted in the recognition of functional tooth rows and the correct position of the teeth during feeding. We identified six different types of radular movements, including rotations and bending of the radula itself. In each movement type, different structures act as counter bearings enabling the animals to grab and tear food.

Acid Stable α-Amylase Supplementation in Sourdough Enhanced Lactic Acid Bacterial Performance and the Quality of Bread

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 392-398
Author(s):  
Kui Lu ◽  
Shujun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Specific Volume ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Bread Crumb ◽  
Sourdough Bread ◽  
Bread Production ◽  
Dough Rheological Properties ◽  
Acid Stable ◽  
Scanning Electron

The effects of an acid-stable α-amylase AmyE from Aspergillus niger on the growth and fermentative ability of sourdough-fermenting Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) were studied and the accompanying changes in the dough rheological properties, specific volume of bread, crumb texture, and the microstructure of dough and bread were analyzed. Addition of acid-stable α-amylase AmyE in the sourdough at a concentration of 15 U/g significantly increased population of LP to 11.61 log CFU/g and accelerated acidification process compared to the commercial α-amylase supplemented sourdough and the control (non-amylase treated) during 24 h fermentation. Tensile test showed that adding AmyE induced an increase in maximal dough resistance to stretching and a decrease in extended distance. From scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, the microstructure of dough displayed an advanced stage of granules swelling and much more deformation with increasing levels of α-amylase. The microstructure of breads prepared with AmyE was more homogeneous with increasing number of gas cells and resulted in improvement of specific volume and softness of bread crumbs. Given the aforementioned benefits of AmyE for lactic acid bacterial performance and bread quality, this acid-stable α-amylase AmyE has the potential as an improved enzyme additive for sourdough bread production.

Design of Leather Footwear for Diabetics Containing Chlohexidine Digluconate Microparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 115 (03) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Fatih Yalcin ◽  
Huseyin Ata Karavana ◽  
Seda Rencber ◽  
Sinem Yaprak Karavana
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Shell Material ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Functional Quality ◽  
Release Studies ◽  
Vitro Release ◽  
Spray Dried ◽  
Scanning Electron

ChlorHexidine Digluconate [CHD] was encapsulated inside an ethylcellulose shell material [Aquacoat ECD], and then spray dried to produce mixed microparticles (MPs). The validity and functional quality of the resultant [CHD-MPs] were analyzed on vamp and lining leather which are used to manufacture shoes for diabetics. The morphology, efficiency of encapsulation and in vitro release characteristics of the [CHD-MPs] were optimized in order to impregnate [CHD-MPs] onto leather footwear for diabetics. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the [CHD-MPs] and the leathers treated with it. SEM images illustrated that the [CHD-MPs] were spherical, smooth in shape and adhered well to leather. In vitro CHD-release studies from its MPs, and for leather treated with it were performed in phosphate buffer saline at pH =7.2. There was an inherently controlled release behaviour of CHD for all the formulations on leather. Finally, microbiologic studies on leather treated with [CHD-MPs] were done. This study suggested that footwear containing [CHD- MPs] is/will improve the quality of daily life for diabetics. 

Effect Grinding of Graphite on Structural and Morphological Characteristics of Carbon Nanotubes Grown by Microwave Oven

2019 ◽  
Vol 290 ◽  
pp. 122-126
Author(s):  
Natheer A. Algadri ◽  
Zainuriah Hassan ◽  
Kamarulazizi Ibrahim ◽  
Mohamed Bououdina
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Microwave Oven ◽  
Full Width ◽  
Half Maximum ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Grinding Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

The influence of graphite grinding time on the formation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), is investigated. Graphite with different grinding time is used for the growth of CNTs by a cost-effective method using a microwave oven. The samples produced using the different grinding time contain nanotubes with an average diameter in the range 31–50 nm as observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The lowest intensity ratio of D and G bands (ID/IG) and full width at half maximum of G as identified by Raman spectroscopy for grinding time 20 minute indicates the improved crystallinity of CNTs.

Studies of Crystalunity for Sputter Deposited Bi-Based Oxide Films

1992 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichi Mizuno ◽  
Yo Ichikawa ◽  
Kentaro Setsune
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Oxide Films ◽  
Full Width ◽  
Half Maximum ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Rocking Curve ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ion Channeling ◽  
Sputter Deposited

ABSTRACTCrystalline quality of Bi-based oxide films has been evaluated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and ion-channeling on the Rutherford backscattering (RBS). The films were sputter deposited 2201-phase Bi2Sr2Cu1O8-δ (BSCO) and 2212-phase Bi2Sr2Ca1Cu2O8-δ (BSCCO). They were prepared on MgO(100) and SrTiO3(100) substrates at the low temperature of 650°C during the deposition. The best quality, however thin films had poor crystallinity compared to single crystals, was obtained with the 2201-phase BSCO film that was deposited on a SrTiO3(100) substrate. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) value of the rocking curve on XRD for the film was estimated as 1560 (arc sec).

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