FT-IR imaging microscopy to localise and characterise simultaneous and selective white-rot decay within spruce wood cells

Holzforschung ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Fackler ◽  
Jasna S. Stevanic ◽  
Thomas Ters ◽  
Barbara Hinterstoisser ◽  
Manfred Schwanninger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Content ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Ceriporiopsis Subvermispora ◽  
Glycosidic Bonds ◽  
Spruce Wood ◽  
Mass Losses ◽  
Ir Imaging ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Wood Polysaccharides

AbstractSpruce wood that had been degraded by white-rot fungi (Trametes versicolororCeriporiopsis subvermispora)and suffered mass losses up to 17% was investigated by transmission Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) imaging microscopy. A significant marker during incipient simultaneous white-rot (T. versicolor) was the cleavage of glycosidic bonds of polysaccharides that preceded their metabolisation. Simultaneous white-rot processes were also characterised by a relative decrease of the overall lignin content and a relative accumulation of wood polysaccharides. No early marker was found for selective white-rot (C. subvermispora) that removes mainly lignin by an oxidative process. This feature was detected only in wood samples exhibiting mass losses higher than 12%. Furthermore, it was shown, that simultaneous and selective white-rot processes were unevenly distributed within the wood samples but quite evenly distributed within single tracheids.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Decay Behavior of Two White-Rot Fungi in Relation to Wood Type and Exposure Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1931
Author(s):  
Ehsan Bari ◽  
Geoffrey Daniel ◽  
Nural Yilgor ◽  
Jong Sik Kim ◽  
Mohammad Ali Tajick-Ghanbary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Wood Species ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Type I ◽  
Oak Wood ◽  
Mass Losses ◽  
Decay Behavior

Fungal wood decay strategies are influenced by several factors, such as wood species, moisture content, and temperature. This study aims to evaluate wood degradation characteristics of spruce, beech, and oak after exposure to the white-rot fungi Pleurotusostreatus and Trametesversicolor. Both fungi caused high mass losses in beech wood, while spruce and oak wood were more resistant to decay. The moisture content values of the decayed wood correlated with the mass losses for all three wood species and incubation periods. Combined microscopic and chemical studies indicated that the two fungi differed in their decay behavior. While T. versicolor produced a decay pattern (cell wall erosion) typical of white-rot fungi in all wood species, P. ostreatus caused cell wall erosion in spruce and beech and soft-rot type I (cavity formation) decay in oak wood. These observations suggest that P. ostreatus may have the capacity to produce a wider range of enzymes/radicals triggered by the chemical composition of wood cell walls and/or local compositional variability within the cell wall.

scholarly journals Influence of Mesoporous Inorganic Al–B–P Amphiprotic Surfactant Material Resistances of Wood against Brown and White-Rot Fungi (Part 1)

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Kouomo Guelifack Yves Beaudelaire ◽  
Biaorong Zhuang ◽  
John Tosin Aladejana ◽  
Dehong Li ◽  
Xinjun Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Untreated Wood ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mass Losses ◽  
Surfactant Material

This study describes the application of aluminum sulfate Al2(SO4)3, boric acid H3BO3, phosphoric acid H3PO4 (Al–B–P) and amphiprotic surfactant material synthesis by the sol-gel process, which were adopted as novel precursors for wood modification. The efficacy of Al–B–P-treated wood was tested against Poria placenta and Coriolus versicolor. Untreated wood samples had higher mass losses (>40%) compared to the treated sample, which had the lowest wood mass losses (of 4%) against P. placenta and C. versicolor. To analyze the reaction mechanism of Al–B–P wood, the mechanical properties, chemical structure, crystallinity, thermal analysis, binding energy and wettability was examined by modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. Scanning electron microscopy- energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) confirmed the wood colonization by fungi, and was used to identify the microstructures and morphologies changes that occurred in the cells during degradation by white and brown-rot fungi. At the same time, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was employed to analyze the physical and chemical properties of the samples. Therefore, the study confirmed that Al–B–P and amphiprotic surfactant could replace the traditional wood preservative products, and have the potential to extend the service life of wood, particularly in soil contact and outdoor usage.

Biological delignification of plant components by the white rot fungi Ceriporiopsis subvermispora and Cyathus stercoreus

1996 ◽  
Vol 63 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 305-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.E. Akin ◽  
W.H. Morrison ◽  
L.L. Rigsby ◽  
G.R. Gamble ◽  
A. Sethuraman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Ceriporiopsis Subvermispora ◽  
Cyathus Stercoreus ◽  
Plant Components

scholarly journals Potensi fungi pelapuk putih asal lingkungan tropik untuk bioremediasi herbisida The potential white-rot fungi native of tropical environment for herbicides bioremediation

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laksmita Prima SANTI ◽  
Lisdar Idwan SUDIRMAN ◽  
Didiek Hadjar GOENADI
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Tropical Environment ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Ceriporiopsis Subvermispora ◽  
Pleurocybella Porrigens

SummaryFungal treatment by using white-rot fungito reduce a wide variety of herbicide com-pounds is a specialized bioremediation pro-cess. A laboratory experiment was conductedto determine the ability of Phanerochaetechrysosporium, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora,and Pleurocybella porrigens and seven white-rot fungi isolated from a native of tropicalenvironment to grow on yeast malt extractglucose (YMG) agar containing highconcentration of (I) 2,4-dichlorophenoxy aceticacid, (R) glyphosate, and (G) paraquat. Thedata indicated that P. chrysosporium couldgrow on YMG media containing 5000 ppm of(I) 2,4-D, whereas BPBPI 02/04 isolate onYMG 250 ppm of (R) glyphosate or (G)paraquat. Relative values of growth inhibitionof these fungi are 81.1; 27.8; and 50.0%respectively. Biodegradation capability ofherbicides by candidate inoculants in soil-sandmedia was also determined in greenhouseexperiment by using peanut, sorghum, corn,and Borreria alata as bio-indicators. Peanutand B. alata were found to be the bestresponsive seedlings as bio-indicator on thepresence of (I) 2,4-D herbicide in soil-sandmedia.RingkasanTeknologi bioremediasi dengan fungipelapuk putih (FPP) digunakan untuk me-reduksi sejumlah senyawa herbisida. Kegiatanpenelitian yang dilakukan di laboratoriumbertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan tum-buh Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Ceripo-riopsis subvermispora, dan Pleurocybellaporrigens serta tujuh isolat FPP yang diperolehdari lingkungan tropik secara in vitro padamedium agar yeast malt extract glucose(YMG) yang mengandung (I) 2,4-dikloro-fenoksi asam asetat, (R) glifosat, dan (G)parakuat konsentrasi tinggi. Dari data yangdiperoleh, diketahui bahwa Ph. chrysosporiummemiliki kemampuan tumbuh dalam mediumpadat YMG yang mengandung 5000 ppm (I)2,4-D dan isolat BPBPI 02/04 pada 250 ppm(R) glifosat dan (G) parakuat dengan nilaihambatan pertumbuhan relatif terhadap kontrol(HPR) masing-masing 81,1; 27,8; dan 50,0%.Pengujian isolat terpilih terhadap kemampuanmendegradasi herbisida di dalam mediumtanah dan pasir juga dilakukan di rumah kacadengan menggunakan kacang tanah, sorgum,jagung, dan Boreria alata sebagai bioindikator.Kacang tanah dan B. alata memberikan responterbaik terhadap keberadaan herbisida (I) 2,4-Ddi dalam medium tanah dan pasir .

scholarly journals Effect of Ligninolytic Axenic and Coculture White-Rot Fungi on Rice Straw Chemical and In Vitro Fermentation Characteristics.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osmond Datsomor ◽  
Zhao Gou-qi ◽  
Lin Miao
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Axenic Culture ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the axenic culture of Pleurotus ostreatus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, and the coculture (P. chrysosporium and P. ostreatus) for their potential to break down lignin and to enhance the rumen fermentability of rice straw. Rice straw was fermented by two lignin-degrading fungi, namely, P. ostreatus, P. chrysosporium, and coculture (P. ostreatus and P. chrysosporium) under solid-state fermentation (SSF). The coculture exhibited a mutual intermingling plus inhibition interaction. Coculture treated straw had a lower lignin content (5.26%) compared to P. chrysosporium axenic treated straw (6.18%), although P. ostreatus axenic treated straw was the lowest (3.27%). The polysaccharide content of coculture treated straw was higher than P. chrysosporium axenic treated straw, although smaller than P. ostreatus. P. ostreatus and coculture suitably delignified rice straw without adversely affecting cellulose. Treatment of rice straw with coculture improved in vitro dry matter digestibility (68.08%), total volatile fatty acids (35.27%), and total gas (57.4 ml/200 mg) compared to P. chrysosporium (45.09%, 32.24%, 44.39 ml/200 mg) but was second to P. ostreatus (75.34%, 38.31%, 65.60 ml/200 mg). The coculture via synergistic interaction has the potential to decompose lignin and improve the nutritive value of rice straw than P. chrysosporium.

Mineralization of alachlor by lignin-degrading fungi

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 795-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark L. Ferrey ◽  
William C. Koskinen ◽  
Robert A. Blanchette ◽  
Todd A. Burnes
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
The Other ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Wood Substrate ◽  
Fomitopsis Pinicola ◽  
Ceriporiopsis Subvermispora ◽  
Brown Rot Fungus

White rot fungi were able to mineralize the aromatic ring carbon of alachlor to CO2. After 122 days, 14 and 12% of the alachlor that was initially present in malt extract cultures supplemented with a wood substrate was mineralized at room temperature by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora and Phlebia tremellosa, respectively. Although Phanerochaete chrysosporium mineralized alachlor at 25 °C, it did so more slowly than the other two white rot fungi. The brown rot fungus Fomitopsis pinicola did not mineralize alachlor.Key words: alachlor, mineralization, white rot fungi, pesticide.

scholarly journals Detection and Identification of Decay Fungi in Spruce Wood by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis of Amplified Genes Encoding rRNA

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 4725-4734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia A. Jasalavich ◽  
Andrea Ostrofsky ◽  
Jody Jellison
Keyword(s):  
Fragment Length ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Spruce Wood ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

ABSTRACT We have developed a DNA-based assay to reliably detect brown rot and white rot fungi in wood at different stages of decay. DNA, isolated by a series of CTAB (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) and organic extractions, was amplified by the PCR using published universal primers and basidiomycete-specific primers derived from ribosomal DNA sequences. We surveyed 14 species of wood-decaying basidiomycetes (brown-rot and white-rot fungi), as well as 25 species of wood-inhabiting ascomycetes (pathogens, endophytes, and saprophytes). DNA was isolated from pure cultures of these fungi and also from spruce wood blocks colonized by individual isolates of wood decay basidiomycetes or wood-inhabiting ascomycetes. The primer pair ITS1-F (specific for higher fungi) and ITS4 (universal primer) amplified the internal transcribed spacer region from both ascomycetes and basidiomycetes from both pure culture and wood, as expected. The primer pair ITS1-F (specific for higher fungi) and ITS4-B (specific for basidiomycetes) was shown to reliably detect the presence of wood decay basidiomycetes in both pure culture and wood; ascomycetes were not detected by this primer pair. We detected the presence of decay fungi in wood by PCR before measurable weight loss had occurred to the wood. Basidiomycetes were identified to the species level by restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the internal transcribed spacer region.

scholarly journals Localisation and characterisation of incipient brown-rot decay within spruce wood cell walls using FT-IR imaging microscopy

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 257-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Fackler ◽  
Jasna S. Stevanic ◽  
Thomas Ters ◽  
Barbara Hinterstoisser ◽  
Manfred Schwanninger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Spruce Wood ◽  
Ir Imaging ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Brown Rot Decay
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document