scholarly journals Lightning Strike Protection of Aircraft Composite Structures: Analysis and Comparative Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (8) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Katunin
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Conductive Polymers ◽  
Lightning Strike ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Lightning Strikes ◽  
Conductive Composites ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Electrical Conducting ◽  
Conductive Particles

AbstractLightning strikes are a serious problem during operation of aircraft due to the increasing applicability of polymeric composites in aircraft structures and the weak electrical conducting properties of such structures. In composite structures, lightning strikes may cause extended damage sites which require to be appropriately maintained and repaired leading to increased operational costs. In order to overcome this problem various lightning strike protection solutions have been developed. Some of them are based on the immersion of metallic elements and particles while others use novel solutions such as intrinsically conductive polymers or other types of highly conductive particles including carbon nanotubes and graphene. The concept of fully organic electrically conductive composites based on intrinsically conductive polymers is currently being developed at the Silesian University of Technology. The results obtained in numerous tests, including concerning electrical conductivity and the capability to carry on high-magnitude electrical charges as well as certain operating properties need to be compared with existing solutions in lightning strike protection of aircraft. The following study presents the properties of the material developed for lightning strike protection and a comparative study with other solutions.

scholarly journals Electrically conductive carbon fiber layers as lightning strike protection for non-conductive epoxy-based CFRP substrate

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (29) ◽  
pp. 4547-4555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siwat Manomaisantiphap ◽  
Vipin Kumar ◽  
Takao Okada ◽  
Tomohiro Yokozeki
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Lightning Strike ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Lightning Strikes ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Hybrid Laminate

A large amount of electrically conductive fillers is needed to enhance a Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics (CFRP) electrical conductivity enough to withstand lightning strikes of peak currents. However, such large alien constituents hamper the inherent good mechanical properties of CFRP structures. In this work, a solution has been proposed to retain both desired properties in a CFRP laminate. Layer-wise hybrid laminate has been demonstrated as a solution for lightning strike protection of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics (CFRP). Top few layers of a hybrid laminate are prepared using electrically conductive polymer-based resin (CF/C-POLY) to provide effective dissipation of lightning current while epoxy-based CFRP substrate (CF/Epoxy) provides the main structural strength. An insulating adhesive layer is used to bond CF/C-POLY and CF/Epoxy to prepare the laminate. The hybrid laminates were tested for their effectiveness against lightning strikes. Laminates were struck by modified lightning waveform of component A with peak current of -14 kA and -40 kA. The performance of the laminates against lightning strike were evaluated using high speed camera, high-speed and thermal camera. It is found that CF/C-POLY layer successfully defended the main structural component i.e. CF/Epoxy from lightning direct damage.

Numerical analysis of electrically conductive fillers of composites for aircraft lightning strike protection

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (10) ◽  
pp. 1441-1450
Author(s):  
Igor Lesiuk ◽  
Andrzej Katunin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Lightning Strike ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conductive Composites ◽  
Conductive Fillers

Purpose This paper aims to present a numerical analysis and comparison of two types of conductive fillers of polymeric composites subjected to lightning strikes. Design/methodology/approach Two types of conductive fillers were considered in the developed numerical models of electrically conductive composites: carbon nanotubes and polyaniline. For these fillers, the representative volume elements were developed to consider distribution of the particles that ensures percolation and homogenization of the materials within the Eshelby-based semi-analytical mean-field homogenization approach. The performed numerical analyses allowed determination of effective volume fractions of conducting particles, resistivity and conductivity tensors, and finally the current density for the simulated materials subjected to lightning strike. Findings The obtained results allowed for comparison of electrical conductivity of two simulated materials. It was observed that besides fair results obtained in the previous studies for intrinsically conducting polymers as fillers of composites dedicated for lightning strike protection, the composites filled with carbon nanotubes reveal much better conductivity. Practical implications The presented simulation results can be considered as initial information for further experimental tests on electrical conductivity of such materials. Originality/value The originality of the paper lies in the proposed design and simulation procedures of conductive composites as well as the comparison of selected composites dedicated for lightning strike protection as the most intensively developed materials for this purpose.

Compression-after-Impact Testing of CFRP Laminates Subjected to Simulated Lightning Damage Monitored by Acoustic Emission

2012 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oh Yang Kwon ◽  
Jae Ha Shin
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Lightning Strike ◽  
Lightning Strikes ◽  
Cfrp Laminates ◽  
Compression After Impact ◽  
Coated Carbon

CFRP laminates made of nano-particles-coated carbon fibers and damaged by a simulated lightning strike were tested under the compression-after-impact (CAI) mode, during which the damage progression was monitored by acoustic emission (AE). The effects of nano-particles coating on the degree of lightning-damage and the mechanical integrity of composite structures damaged by lightning strikes have been evaluated in terms of AE activities.

Influence of electrically conductive polymers on the operating parameters of lead/acid batteries

1997 ◽  
Vol 67 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 111-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.E. Dmitrenko ◽  
B.Z. Lubentsov ◽  
S.G. Yevdokimenko ◽  
I.I. Lisyansky ◽  
V.A. Soldatenko
Keyword(s):  
Conductive Polymers ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Lead Acid Batteries ◽  
Lead Acid

Possibilities of Utilization of Waste Materials in Production of Electrically Conductive Composites on Silicate Basis

2021 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
pp. 171-176
Author(s):  
Jana Majerová ◽  
Rostislav Drochytka
Keyword(s):  
Nickel Powder ◽  
Cement Composite ◽  
Wire Drawing ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Conductive Composites ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Conductive Properties ◽  
Functional Fillers

The electrical conductivity of concrete can be achieved by adding steel wires or functional fillers. Commonly used fillers are nanotubes, carbon black, nickel powder and so on. These fillers are expensive, but there is a possibility to use waste materials. This is the subject of this experiment. The conductive properties of conductive sand, sludge from the wire drawing process, iron grinding dust waste and waste carbon were verified. From these fillers, waste carbon showed the best electrical properties (impedance). The impedance of the waste carbon was 0.31 Ω and the impedance of the cement composite containing 70% of the weight of waste carbon was less than 670 Ω.

A Comparative Study on Engineering Student's Performance between the Single-Gender Classroom and Co-educational Classroom: A Case Study of Islamic University of Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Faruq Bashir ◽  
Farouque Ahmed Haolader
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Single Gender ◽  
Arithmetic Means ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

The purpose of this research was to conduct a comparative study to find out which setting performs better between students in the Co-educational Instruction setting and Students in the Single-gender Instruction set. In this research process, the researchers compared the performance of students who receive instruction in a single-gender classroom with the performance of other students who receive instruction in a co-educational classroom. The study population was 756 students of single and mixed-gender streams, classified into two groups (A & B). Out of this, one single-gender male class of 268 students (group A) and one COED class of 488 students (group B) were sampled from the Islamic University of Technology (IUT) in Bangladesh. The research adopted a quasi-experimental research design. The instruments used for data collection were the summative assessment of both groups' first and second-semester results that serve as test instruments. Frequency counts and the Arithmetic means were used for descriptive analysis. The independent sample t-test was used to test the hypotheses. Social learning theory emphasizes the importance of biological, social, and cultural impacts on human behavioral development and learning, especially on gender and genders specific traits and roles. Based on the analyses and interpretation of the data, the researcher found that male students perform better academically in single-gender classes, contrary to their academic performance when mixed with females in the same classes. Thus, single-gender instruction could be a more favorable environment for male students than a co-educational instruction environment.

EFFECTS OF NUMBER OF PLIES ON LIGHTNING STRIKE PROTECTION OF ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE LAYER-WISE HYBRID LAMINATES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SIWAT MANOMAISANTIPHAP ◽  
TOMOHIRO YOKOZEK YOKOZEKI
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Lightning Strike ◽  
Conductive Layer ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Hybrid Laminates ◽  
Conductive Polyaniline ◽  
Pani Layer

With the development of composite technologies, aircraft become lighter and more fuel efficiency. The composite aircraft, however, become susceptible to lightning strike. Developing lightning strike protection (LSP) system need to couple with composite technologies. The authors present a concept of LSP using layer-wise hybrid laminates (CF/Hybrid) in this study. The aim of the study is to validate the effectiveness of layer-wise hybrid laminates structure for lightning strike application by using conventional epoxy-resin CFRP for main structure and electrically conductive layer as a cover layer. The composite laminates include two different types of resin in each layer: conductive polyaniline-based matrix (CF/PANI) and conventional epoxy resin (CF/epoxy). CF/PANI layers varied from 1, 2, and 4 layers with corresponding 7, 6, and 4 layers of CF/epoxy to find out the least effective number of CF/PANI that can prevent lightning strike damage. The specimens were characterized for their mechanical properties and underwent simulated lightning strike test to realize their effectiveness. The result of simulated lightning strike has shown that a layer of conductive CF/PANI can help to avoid catastrophic damage on CF/epoxy. With a greater number of CF/PANI, the less detectable damage in CF/PANI layer became. In the case of CF/Hybrid with 4 layers of CF/PANI shows 70% residual bending strength after the lightning strike. With the aid of nondestructive inspection tools, i.e., thermography and ultrasonic test, the mechanism of damage on the composite panels were observed and analyzed. From this study, CF/Hybrid with 4 layers shows the optimal properties for lightning strike protection.

Lightning strike resistance of an electrically conductive CFRP with a CSA-doped PANI/epoxy matrix

2017 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 203-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Katunin ◽  
Katarzyna Krukiewicz ◽  
Roman Turczyn ◽  
Przemysław Sul ◽  
Krzysztof Dragan
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Matrix ◽  
Lightning Strike ◽  
Electrically Conductive

scholarly journals Fractal dendrite-based electrically conductive composites for laser-scribed flexible circuits

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Yang ◽  
Xiaoya Cui ◽  
Zhexu Zhang ◽  
Sum Wai Chiang ◽  
Wei Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Conductive Composites
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