scholarly journals An effective algorithm to overcome the practical hindrance for Wi-Fi based indoor positioning system

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
Bhulakshmi Bonthu ◽  
M Subaji
Keyword(s):  
Signal Strength ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Indoor Positioning ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Radio Waves ◽  
Direct Path ◽  
Received Signal Strength Indicator ◽  
Access Points ◽  
Measuring Techniques ◽  
Indoor Positioning System

AbstractIndoor tracking has evolved with various methods. The most popular method is using signal strength measuring techniques like triangulation, trilateration and fingerprinting, etc. Generally, these methods use the internal sensors of the smartphone. All these techniques require an adequate number of access point signals. The estimated positioning accuracy depends on the number of signals received at any point and precision of its signal (Wi-Fi radio waves) strength. In a practical environment, the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) of the access point is hindered by obstacles or blocks in the direct path or Line of sight. Such access points become an anomaly in the calculation of position. By detecting the anomaly access points and neglecting it during the computation of an indoor position will improve the accuracy of the positioning system. The proposed method, Practical Hindrance Avoidance in an Indoor Positioning System (PHA-IPS), eliminate the anomaly nodes while estimating the position, so then enhances the accuracy.

scholarly journals PEOPLE’S PPRESENCE EFFECT ON WLAN-BASED IPS’ ACCURACY

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iyad H Alshami ◽  
Noor Azurati Ahmad ◽  
Shamsul Sahibuddin
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Received Signal Strength ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Received Signal Strength Indicator ◽  
Indoor Positioning System ◽  
Closed Environment ◽  
Presence Of People

In order to enable Location Based Service (LBS) closed environment, many technologies have been investigated to replace the Global Positioning System (GPS) in the localization process in indoor environments. WLAN is considered as the most suitable and powerful technology for Indoor Positioning System (IPS) due to its widespread coverage and low cost. Although WLAN Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSS) fingerprinting can be considered as the most accurate IPS method, this accuracy can be weakened due to WLAN RSS fluctuation. WLAN RSS fluctuates due to the multipath being influenced by obstacles presence. People presence under WLAN coverage can be considered as one of the main obstacles which can affect the WLAN-IPS accuracy. This research presents experimental results demonstrating that people’s presence between access point (AP) and mobile device (MD) reduces the received signal strength by -2dBm to -5dBm. This reduction in RSS can lead to distance error greater than or equal to 2m. Hence, any accurate IPS must consider the presence of people in the indoor environment. 

scholarly journals Indoor Positioning System (IPS) Berdasarkan Kekuatan Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Budi Rahmadya Rahmadya
Keyword(s):  
Signal Strength ◽  
Indoor Positioning ◽  
Received Signal Strength ◽  
Shopping Mall ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Received Signal Strength Indicator ◽  
Indoor Positioning System

Shopping Mall merupakan area pusat perbelanjaan yang besar dan memiliki sistem keamanan seperti sistem layanan informasi yang dapat dimanfaatkan oleh konsumen untuk mendapatkan informasi yang dibutuhkan. Penggunaan sistem layanan informasi pada area Shopping Mall bagi konsumen terkadang sangat tidak efektif. Hal ini dikarenakan konsumen membutuhkan waktu yang lama dalam mendapatkan informasi, dimana konsumen terlebih dahulu harus mencari lokasi tempat sistem layanan informasi tersebut. Hal ini menjadikan sistem keamanan pada Shopping Mall menjadi lemah. Indoor Positioning System (IPS) merupakan sistem yang dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui posisi pengguna melalui kekuatan sinyal Wi-Fi yang didapat dalam gedung. Pada penelitian ini, penulis membuat suatu aplikasi android yang dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui posisi konsumen pada area Shopping Mall tersebut.

scholarly journals A Practical Evaluation of ML Algorithms for a Tag-Based BLE Indoor Positioning System

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (08) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Ashraf Tahat ◽  
Mohammed N Smadi ◽  
Mohammad Syouf
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Indoor Positioning ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Economic Approach ◽  
Received Signal Strength Indicator ◽  
Office Space ◽  
Practical Evaluation ◽  
Online Tracking ◽  
Indoor Positioning System

In this paper, we evaluate the performance of machine learning (ML) algorithms employed in a commercial Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Indoor Positioning (IP) solution relying on practical measurements in a commercial office space setting.  The BLE IP system utilizing tags presents an ideal economic approach for large facilities with a limited number of tracking elements (gateways).  In this investigation, data collection campaigns were conducted in an indoor facility fitted with BLE gateways to aggregate Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) <em>fingerprints</em>.  Performance of a collection of well-known ML algorithms in terms of accuracy of positioning of the desired objects, in addition to training complexity and online tracking speed were evaluated.  ML algorithms of increased accuracy and efficiency were identified and tabulated in both of the <em>offline</em> and <em>online</em> phases.  It is also envisaged that as part of this practical study, the results will serve to identify proper economical topologies and configuration in real-life installations for tag-based BLE IP systems.

scholarly journals Sensing Framework for the Internet of Actors in the Value Co-Creation Process with a Beacon-Attachable Indoor Positioning System

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Keiichi Zempo ◽  
Taiga Arai ◽  
Takuya Aoki ◽  
Yukihiko Okada
Keyword(s):  
Radio Wave ◽  
Indoor Positioning ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
Pulse Interval ◽  
Retail Stores ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Radio Waves ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Environment Recognition ◽  
Indoor Positioning System

To evaluate and improve the value of a service, it is important to measure not only the outcomes, but also the process of the service. Value co-creation (VCC) is not limited to outcomes, especially in interpersonal services based on interactions between actors. In this paper, a sensing framework for a VCC process in retail stores is proposed by improving an environment recognition based indoor positioning system with high positioning performance in a metal shelf environment. The conventional indoor positioning systems use radio waves; therefore, errors are caused by reflection, absorption, and interference from metal shelves. An improvement in positioning performance was achieved in the proposed method by using an IR (infrared) slit and IR light, which avoids such errors. The system was designed to recognize many and unspecified people based on the environment recognition method that the receivers had installed, in the service environment. In addition, sensor networking was also conducted by adding a function to transmit payload and identification simultaneously to the beacons that were attached to positioning objects. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by installing it not only in an experimental environment with ideal conditions, but posteriorly, the system was tested in real conditions, in a retail store. In our experimental setup, in a comparison with equal element numbers, positioning identification was possible within an error of 96.2 mm in a static environment in contrast to the radio wave based method where an average positioning error of approximately 648 mm was measured using the radio wave based method (Bluetooth low-energy fingerprinting technique). Moreover, when multiple beacons were used simultaneously in our system within the measurement range of one receiver, the appropriate setting of the pulse interval and jitter rate was implemented by simulation. Additionally, it was confirmed that, in a real scenario, it is possible to measure the changes in movement and positional relationships between people. This result shows the feasibility of measuring and evaluating the VCC process in retail stores, although it was difficult to measure the interaction between actors.

scholarly journals Trilateration Method For Estimating Location in RSSI-Based Indoor Positioning System Using Zigbee Protocol

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Herryawan Pujiharsono ◽  
Duwi Utami ◽  
Rafina Destiarti Ainul
Keyword(s):  
Path Loss ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Indoor Positioning ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Observation Area ◽  
Current Location ◽  
Zigbee Protocol ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Unknown Node ◽  
Indoor Positioning System

Wireless network technology that is used today is developing rapidly because of the increasing need for location information of an object with high accuracy. Global Positioning System (GPS) is a technology to estimate the current location. Unfortunately, GPS has a disadvantage of low accuracy of 10 meters when used indoors. Therefore, it began to be developed with the concept of an indoor positioning system. This is a technology used to estimate the location of objects in a building by utilizing WSN (Wireless Sensor Network). The purpose of this study is to estimate the location of the unknown nodes in the lecturer room as an object and obtain the accuracy of the system being tested. The positioning process is based on the received signal strength (RSSI) on the unknown node using the ZigBee module. The trilateration method is used to estimate unknown node located at the observation area based on the signal strength received at the time of testing. The result shows that the path loss coefficient value at the observation area is 0.9836 and the Mean Square Error of the test is 1.251 meters, which indicates that the system can be a solution to the indoor GPS problem.

Improved Fingerprinting based Indoor Positioning System with Hybrid Sensor Fusion to Overcome the Practical Hinderance

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 2789-2792
Keyword(s):  
Radio Signal ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Position Estimation ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Measuring Techniques ◽  
Fingerprinting Method ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Indoor Positioning System

Indoor tracking has evolved with various methods, and the most popularly used method is using signal strength measuring techniques like trilateration, triangulation, and fingerprinting, etc. Out of all the popular techniques, the Wi-Fi fingerprinting method to localize users has been attracting much attention because it doesn’t require any line- of- sight. The offline phase takes into account of LOS or any permanent hindrances to the access point radio signal during the recording of the Fingerprinting dataset. In the online phase by comparing the RSSI values and using KNN /WKNN can detect the location of one’s position in indoor where the GPS signals can’t be reached. The offline phase requires much more effort to capture RSSI values, and any change in the environment or location of the Wi-Fi access point requires all the calibration in offline need to repeat, which is tedious. Even a temporary moving block like humans/doors/new construction will affect the accuracy of positioning in the online phase. The proposed algorithm detects the affected Wi-Fi nodes hindered by blocks and eliminates those during the online comparison phase, so then improves the accuracy. This algorithm also is useful in identifying the block is permanent or temporary to optimize the retake of the offline phase. The experimental result shows that the proposed hybrid sensor fused method improves the position estimation over the Fingerprinting method.

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