scholarly journals Morphological, anatomical and karyological investigations of the Turkish endemic species Lathyrus woronowii Bornm. (Fabaceae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Güneş ◽  
Çiler Meriç
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Diploid Chromosome Number ◽  
Dam Construction ◽  
Annual Species ◽  
International Union ◽  
First Time ◽  
Iucn Criteria ◽  
General Appearance

AbstractLathyrus woronowiiBornm., an endemic species of Turkey, is threatened with extinction due to dam construction. It exists only in the Çoruh valley, Artvin. This annual species is in the critically endangered (CR) category according to the International Union of Conservation of Nature (IUCN) criteria. Its morphology, anatomy and karyology are studied here for the first time. A detailed description is given and the general appearance of the species has been drawn; cross sections from the stem and leaf have been taken and examined; and the diploid chromosome number (2n = 14) has been reported and illustrated for the first time.

scholarly journals First illustration of chromosomes and genetic system of Lecanodiaspidinae (Homoptera, Coccinea, Asterolecaniidae s.l.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilya A. Gavrilov-Zimin
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Genetic System ◽  
B Chromosomes ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Diploid Chromosome Number ◽  
Embryonic Cells ◽  
Paternal Genome ◽  
Cytogenetic Data ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
First Time

The karyotype of Psoraleococcusmultipori (Morrison, 1921) was studied for the first time, based on material from Indonesia (Sulawesi). The diploid chromosome number was found to be 18 in both males and females, but some cells contained also additional small chromosomal elements, probably B chromosomes. About 50 % of the studied embryos demonstrated paternal genome heterochromatinization of one haploid set of chromosomes (PGH) suggesting presence of a Lecanoid genetic system. The embryos with PGH are known to be always the male embryos in scale insects and so, bisexual reproduction may be presumed for P.multipori. The information provided represents the first probative cytogenetic data for the subfamily Lecanodiaspidinae Targioni Tozzetti, 1896 as a whole. A detailed morphological figure and photos of female and male embryonic cells are given. Additionally, it was discovered that the females of P.multipori exhibit complete ovoviviparity.

scholarly journals Chromosome number and meiotic behavior in several plant taxa from iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-339
Author(s):  
Seyed Ghaffari ◽  
Abbas Zare ◽  
Fereshteh Corom ◽  
Masoureh Sedaghati
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Mitotic Chromosome ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Meiotic Behavior ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
First Time ◽  
Accessory Chromosomes

Original meiotic or both meiotic and mitotic chromosome numbers are reported for ten endemic and one non endemic species in nine vascular plant families from Iran. The chromosome numbers of Acantholimon schahrudicum, A. truncatum, Anthochlamys multinervis, Campanula perpusilla, Cousinia calcitrapa var. interrupta, Dorema ammoniacum, Euphorbia gedrosiaca, and Hyocyamus orthocarpus were determined for the first time. The chromosome counts for Astrodaucus persicus and Hedysarum criniferum agree with previous ones. The gametic chromosome numbers for Hedysarum criniferum and Allium stipitatum are reported here for the first time. The occurrence of accessory chromosomes are also reported for Acantholimon schahrudicum and Dorema ammoniacum, being the first records of B chromosomes in the genera Acantholimon and Dorema.

scholarly journals Karyotype traits in Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal (Asteraceae), an invasive plant in Romania

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Truta ◽  
Gabriela Vochita ◽  
Adrian Oprea ◽  
Culita Sirbu
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
The Other ◽  
Diploid Chromosome Number ◽  
Diploid Complement ◽  
High Level ◽  
High Degree ◽  
First Time

Abstract The description of the karyotype features and idiogram in Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal (Asteraceae), an invasive plant in Romania, are reported here for the first time. The diploid chromosome number is 2n=2x=12, in agreement with the data published for the other species of the genus. The karyomorphological data show that the complements of the studied genotypes have small chromosomes (mean chromosome length is X̅±SE=2.56±0.10 μm, and mean length of haploid complements is X̅±SE=15.33±0.69 μm, with a range of variability comprised between 12.87-17.51 μm). The karyotypes are made up of six pairs of metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes, with an identical formula of the diploid complement: KF=2n=12=8m+ 2sm + 2sm-SAT. Satellites are located on the short arms of the chromosomes of pair III. The karyotypes show a relatively high level of intra-specific uniformity as well as similar symmetry patterns (R=1.29-1.53; TF%=38.78-41.57%; AsI%=54.54-57.61%; A1 = 0.24- 0.32; A2=0.08-0.16), belonging to 1A and 2A classes of symmetry. The small size of the chromosomes, the presence of only two chromosome morphometric types, and the preponderance of metacentrics confer a relatively high degree of symmetry to the karyotypes studied.

Chromosome Polymorphism in Microtus(Alexandromys)mujanensis (Arvicolinae, Rodentia)

2015 ◽  
Vol 146 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya A. Lemskaya ◽  
Irina V. Kartavtseva ◽  
Nadezhda V. Rubtsova ◽  
Fedor N. Golenishchev ◽  
Irina N. Sheremetyeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Chromosome Painting ◽  
Diploid Number ◽  
Karyotype Evolution ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Diploid Chromosome Number ◽  
Chromosome Polymorphism ◽  
Pericentric Inversions

The Muya Valley vole (Microtus mujanensis) has a constant diploid chromosome number of 2n = 38, but an unstable karyotype with polymorphic chromosome pairs. Here, we describe 4 karyotypic variants involving 2 polymorphic chromosome pairs, MMUJ8 and MMUJ14, in 6 animals from Buryatia using a combination of GTG-banding and chromosome painting with M. agrestis probes. We suggest that the polymorphic pairs MMUJ8 and MMUJ14 were formed through pericentric inversions that played a major role during karyotype evolution of the species. We also propose that the stable diploid number with some ongoing polymorphism in the number of chromosome arms indicates that this evolutionarily young endemic species of Russian Far East is on the way to karyotype and likely species stabilization.

scholarly journals Extensive karyotype variability of African fish genus Nothobranchius (Cyprinodontiformes)

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Krysanov ◽  
Tatiana Demidova
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Diploid Chromosome Number ◽  
East African ◽  
Multiple Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Karyotype Variability ◽  
Karyotypic Formula ◽  
Unstable Environment ◽  
First Time ◽  
Species Proportion

Karyotypes of 65 species of the genus Nothobranchius Peters, 1868 were reviewed and of those 35 examined first time. The results of present study have shown that fishes of the genus Nothobranchius possessed highly diverse karyotypes. The diploid chromosome number (2n) ranged from 16 to 50. The most frequent 2n was 2n = 36 (in 35 species) while the second one 2n = 38 (in 13 species). Proportion of biarmed chromosomes varied from 0 to 95% between species. Diploid chromosome number variability apparently exists as a result of chromosomal fusions or fissions and extensive karyotypic formula alterations promoting by inversions. Multiple sex chromosomes of system X1X1X2X2/X1X2Y type were found only in karyotypes of 5 species. The extensive karyotype variability, unusual for teleosts, of genus Nothobranchius can be likely associated with the characteristics of its life cycle and inhabiting under unstable environment of East African savannah temporal pools.

CYTOTAXONOMY OF THREE SPECIES OF CENTAUREA ADVENTIVE IN CANADA

1954 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Moore ◽  
C. Frankton
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Introduced Species ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Diploid Chromosome Number ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Normal Pollen ◽  
Taxonomic Problem ◽  
First Time

The chromosome numbers of three introduced species of Centaurea are here reported: C. diffusa Lam., 2n = 18; C. maculosa, Lam., 2n = 36; C. repens L., 2n = 26. The chromosome counts of C. diffusa and of C. maculosa, which are here reported for the first time, help to clarify a taxonomic problem. A pappus is usually lacking on the achenes of C. diffusa but is present on those of C. maculosa. As a result, plants of C. diffusa with a short pappus have been considered to be possible hybrids between these species. Three such plants here studied had the diploid chromosome number 18, rather than the triploid number to be expected in such a hybrid. Examination of pollen of suspected hybrid specimens shows that the percentage of normal pollen is high. This fact also supports the belief that plants of C. diffusa with a short pappus on the achene are not hybrids with C. maculosa.

Primulina linearicalyx (Gesneriaceae), a new species from Guangxi, China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 269 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
FANG WEN ◽  
BI-DAN LAI ◽  
ZHI-GUO ZHAO ◽  
BING-MOU WANG ◽  
YI-GANG WEI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
First Time ◽  
Species Being ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Iucn Criteria

Primulina linearicalyx from Wuming County, Guangxi, is illustrated and described here. It is morphologically close to P. linearifolia, P. pseudolinearifolia and P. longgangensis, but it can be easily distinguished by the exceptionally long and linear-lanceolate to linear calyx lobes. The chromosome number for this species, being reported the first time, was determined to be 2n=36. The conservation status of the new species was assessed as “Critically Endangered” (CR) based on IUCN criteria.

scholarly journals On the hypothesis of dioicous – monoicous species pairs in the Mniaceae (Bryophyta); morphology, sexual condition and distiribution

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 67-81
Author(s):  
Timo Koponen
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Diploid Chromosome Number ◽  
Leaf Cell ◽  
Species Pairs ◽  
Forested Areas

Abstract Some early observations seemed to show that, in the Mniaceae, the doubling of the chromo-some set affects a change from dioicous to monoicous condition, larger size of the gametophyte including larger leaf cell size, and to a wider range of the monoicous counterpart. The Mniaceae taxa are divided into four groups based on their sexual condition and morphology. 1. Dioicous – monoicous counterparts which can be distinguished by morphological characters, 2. Dioicous – monoicous taxa which have no morphological, deviating characters, 3. Monoicous species mostly with diploid chromosome number for which no dioicous counterpart is known, and 4. The taxa in Mniaceae with only dioicous plants. Most of the monoicous species of the Mniaceae have wide ranges, but a few of them are endemics in geographically isolated areas. The dioicous species have either a wide holarctic range or a limited range in the forested areas of temperate and meridional North America, Europe and SE Asia, or in subtropical Asia. Some of the monoicous species are evidently autodiploids and a few of them are allopolyploids from cross-sections of two species. Quite recently, several new possible dioicous – monoicous relationships have been discovered.

Karyotype analysis of medicinal plant Liriope spicata var. prolifera (Liliaceae)

Biologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qun Zhou ◽  
Jianqiu Zhou ◽  
Jiachun Chen ◽  
Xiaogang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Secondary Constriction ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Basic Chromosome Number ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Basic Chromosome ◽  
First Time

AbstractKaryotype of Liriope spicata var. prolifera, a Chinese endemic species, was described in detail for the first time. Its proto-variety L. spicata was also investigated for comparison. The basic chromosome number of these two species was x = 18. L. spicata var. prolifera, recorded as triploid 2n = 54, consisted of 30 metacentric chromosomes and 24 submetacentric chromosomes. Only one chromosome of the 11th group had a secondary constriction with a satellite in the short arm. L. Spicata was tetraploid 2n = 72 and consisted of four sets of 6 submetacentric chromosomes and 12 metacentric chromosomes without visible satellites. This paper provides further available data on Liriope chromosomes, and also indicates that L. spicata var. prolifera and L. spicata are probably separate species.

Anatomy and micromorphology of the endemic Gypsophila osmangaziensis (Caryophyllaceae) and taxonomic contributions for the genus Gypsophila

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 331 (1) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
EBRU ATAŞLAR ◽  
ATİLA OCAK
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Seed Surface ◽  
Oblate Spheroidal ◽  
Leaf Mesophyll ◽  
Pollen Shape ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
First Time

Gypsophila osmangaziensis, an endemic species from Eskişehir (Turkey) is here studied from the anatomical and micromorphological points of view for the first time. Root, stem and leaf cross-sections as well as seed, leaf and pollen grains surfaces are investigated. Root shows perennial characteristics. Pericycle layer of the stem is composed of sclerenchymatic cells that have 15–17 very thick, layered cell walls. Leaf mesophyll is isobilateral and partly carries druse crystals. Seed surface has an obtuse tubercle. Pollen shape is oblate spheroidal.

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